Broken External Links

List documents mentioning Broken External Links

¶Checking External Links

It is easy for MoEML’s automated diagnostics to check that every internal link between pages, people, places, and so on is functional. However, it is much more difficult to do automated checking of external links; if one of our servers launches a link-checking task on any scale, its bandwidth will quickly be throttled by network agents designed to detect exactly this sort of potentially dangerous behaviour and constrain it.

As a result, we have to rely on the W3C’s excellent link-checking service. This service is designed to parse a web page and check all the links within it. However, we do not want to have the service parse all our pages and end up checking the same links over and over again. Instead, our build process generates a set of simple HTML pages which contain only links, where each link appears only once. You can find these pages in the products directory of the Jenkins build artifacts. They are named externalLinks_001.html, externalLinks_002.html and so on.

We cannot simply provide the URL of one of these files to the W3C Link Checker, because our Jenkins server is configured to disallow access from robot processes such as the one the Link Checker service uses (this is to prevent our Jenkins server from being overwhelmed by search engine crawlers and so on). Instead, we have to copy these files to another server where the link checker can access them. When you want to do some link checking, let an HCMC staff member know; ask them to copy these files to one of our web servers and give you the URL of the folder where they are stored. If you have access to your own website, you can use that instead. When you know the location of those files, go to the folder in your browser, then:

Click on one of the files to open it in your browser. You will see that it consists only of a list of links.
Copy the URL of that page to the clipboard.
Go to the W3C Link Checker page, and paste the URL into the URL box on that page.
Press Check, and then do something else while the process does its work.

The check will typically take a long time, and you will see status messages coming in on the page as it proceeds. When it is done, you will have a report listing potential problems. Information on how to handle the results appears below.

¶Fixing Broken Links

The report provided by the link checker divides problems into several types based on the http response code received when retrieving the page:

2xx: OK
3xx: moved somewhere else
4xx: not found, or otherwise broken
5xx: server error

The following guidelines should help you resolve problems found by the checker. Remember that when you fix a link in the MoEML XML files, you need to fix every instance of it; many links appear many times in different pages.

¶400 errors (404s etc.)

Search for another location for the same content. If there is one, and it remains appropriate to the link(s) in question, change the links to point to it.

If there is no sign of the original content. check the Wayback Machine. If the content is available there, take the latest version from the Wayback Machine which is functional/complete/appropriate and change the links to point to that.

¶301 errors (Moved Permanently)

Check that the content at the new location is in fact the original content or a new version of it. If so, change the link. If the content at the new location is something else (e.g., a message saying the content has been removed, or nothing at all), proceed as for a 404.

¶Access not allowed due to robots.txt

Access not allowed due to robots.txt happens when the site rejects crawlers and the checker does not check the URL. In this case, check the URL manually. If you find that you arrive at the page, but the URL in the browser bar is not what you originally requested, then the situation is probably a 301, and you should proceed appropriately. If the content is missing or you get a 404, again proceed as above.

In cases where a site appears to be down, but you do not know whether it is temporary or not, make a note and come back to it after a few days. If it is still down, treat it as a 404.

Cite this page

MLA citation

Holmes, Martin D. Broken External Links. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/broken_links.htm.

Chicago citation

Holmes, Martin D. Broken External Links. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/broken_links.htm.

APA citation

Holmes, M. D. 2022. Broken External Links. In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/broken_links.htm.

RIS file (for RefMan, RefWorks, EndNote etc.)

Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8"

TY  - ELEC
A1  - Holmes, Martin
ED  - Jenstad, Janelle
T1  - Broken External Links
T2  - The Map of Early Modern London
ET  - 7.0
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/05/05
CY  - Victoria
PB  - University of Victoria
LA  - English
UR  - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/broken_links.htm
UR  - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/broken_links.xml
ER  -

TEI citation

<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#HOLM3"><surname>Holmes</surname>, <forename>Martin</forename> <forename>D.</forename></name></author> <title level="a">Broken External Links</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2022-05-05">05 May 2022</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/broken_links.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/broken_links.htm</ref>.</bibl>

Personography

Kate LeBere

KL

Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet during the Russian Cultural Revolution. During her time at MoEML, Kate made significant contributions to the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey of London, old-spelling anthology of mayoral shows, and old-spelling library texts. She authored the MoEML’s first Project Management Manual and quickstart guidelines for new employees and helped standardize the Personography and Bibliography. She is currently a student at the University of British Columbia’s iSchool, working on her masters in library and information science.
Roles played in the project
- Abstract Author
- Author
- CSS Editor
- Compiler
- Conceptor
- Copy Editor
- Data Manager
- Editor
- Encoder
- Geo-Coordinate Researcher
- Markup Editor
- Proofreader
- Researcher
- Toponymist
- Transcriber
- Transcription Proofreader
Contributions by this author
Kate LeBere is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Kate LeBere is mentioned in the following documents:
Janelle Jenstad

JJ

Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).
Roles played in the project
- Abstract Author
- Author
- Author (Preface)
- Author of Preface
- Compiler
- Conceptor
- Copy Editor
- Course Instructor
- Course Supervisor
- Data Manager
- Editor
- Encoder
- Geo-Coordinate Researcher
- Markup Editor
- Peer Reviewer
- Project Director
- Proofreader
- Researcher
- Toponymist
- Transcriber
- Transcription Proofreader
- Vetter
Contributions by this author
Janelle Jenstad is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Janelle Jenstad is mentioned in the following documents:
Janelle Jenstad authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
- Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda. Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices. Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Building a Gazetteer for Early Modern London, 1550-1650. Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145.
- Jenstad, Janelle. The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody. The Elizabethan Theatre XV. Ed. C.E. McGee and A.L. Magnusson. Toronto: P.D. Meany, 2002. 181–202. Print.
- Jenstad, Janelle. The City Cannot Hold You: Social Conversion in the Goldsmith’s Shop. Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..
- Jenstad, Janelle. The Gouldesmythes Storehowse: Early Evidence for Specialisation. The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside. Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34 (2004): 373–403. doi:10.1215/10829636–34–2–373.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment. Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage. Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London. GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print.
- Jenstad, Janelle. Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?. Janelle Jenstad Blog. https://janellejenstad.com/2013/03/20/versioning-john-stows-a-survey-of-london-or-whats-new-in-1618-and-1633/.
- Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
- Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
Martin D. Holmes

MDH

Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
Roles played in the project
- Abstract Author
- Author
- Conceptor
- Editor
- Encoder
- Geo-Coordinate Researcher
- Markup Editor
- Post-Conversion Editor
- Programmer
- Proofreader
- Researcher
Contributions by this author
Martin D. Holmes is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Martin D. Holmes is mentioned in the following documents:

Organizations

Humanities Computing and Media Centre

HCMC staff have collaborated in the project as programmers, graphics editors, and administrators. The mandate of the HCMC is to further research, teaching, and learning in the faculty of Humanities, in particular the fields of Humanities Computing and Language Learning. We host a research and development office and manage a room of bookable computer workstations for use by faculty, research assistants etc. participating in projects supported by the HCMC.
- HCMC Administrators for MoEML
  
  HCMC staff who have worked as administrators on the MoEML project.
  
  Judy Nazar
- HCMC Graphic editors for MoEML
  
  HCMC staff who have worked as graphics editors on the MoEML project.
  
  Greg Newton
  
  Martin D. Holmes
- HCMC Programmers for MoEML
  
  HCMC staff who have worked as programmers on the MoEML project.
  
  Stewart Arneil
  
  Martin D. Holmes
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
- Broken External Links
- History of MoEML