Every Man In His Humour, quarto version (1598)

Edited by David Bevington

INTRODUCTION

Every Man In His Humour was first performed by 1598, published in quarto in 1601, and revised by Jonson some time after that date for inclusion in the folio edition of 1616. A court performance in 1605 may have used the quarto or the folio text or some intermediate stage of revision; the records are silent on that subject. In any case, subsequent stage history belongs entirely to the folio version. The King’s Men gave a benefit performance at the Blackfriars Theatre in 1631 for Sir Henry Herbert, Master of the Revels. The play did well in the Restoration period as an ‘old stock play’ allotted in 1669 to Thomas Killigrew’s company at the Theatre Royal in Drury Lane. Dryden mentions it as an important play in his Essay of Dramatic Poesy (1668). Charles Sackville, Earl of Dorset, wrote an epilogue for a production some time by 1673 in which the Ghost of Jonson inveighed against breakers of the ‘laws of comedy’ which Every Man In was so careful to observe. A revival at Lincoln’s Inn Fields in 1725 by John Rich extensively revised the text by excising seven characters (Matthew, Cash, Cob, Formal, Bridget, Tib, and a Servant) to make room for three new characters. David Garrick, at Drury Lane in 1751 and intermittently until 1776, excelled as Kitely in historic costume dress; the folio text was substantially cut and restructured into fewer scenes. A production starring G. F. Cooke as Kitely played ten times at Covent Garden Theatre in 1800 and 1801. In 1802, Drury Lane mounted its own revival with Richard Wroughton as Kitely and John Bannister Jr as Bobadill. Having moved from Drury Lane to Covent Garden in 1802, John Philip Kemble had considerable success with Every Man In during the 1800s, especially in 1809 and 1810. Edmund Kean played Kitely, in 1816 at Drury Lane. The play remained in the repertory of both Drury Lane and Covent Garden, with performances in 1825, 1828, and 1832. W. C. Macready played Kitely at Bath and Bristol in 1816, and eventually in London at the Haymarket in 1838. Charles Dickens chose instead to play Bobadill with his company of literary amateurs at Miss Kelly’s Soho theatre in September 1845 and at Manchester and Liverpool in July 1847, as did Frank Benson at the Memorial Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1903. These alternatives in what was considered the leading role (Brainworm is another) suggest how well balanced the play is among nine or so significant male roles, originally written for an acting company of about that size. (See Introduction to the quarto text.) The play was popular in revival up until World War Ⅱ, and enjoyed a secure status in anthologies of Renaissance drama for university teaching. Since the 1940s the play has lost some of its earlier popularity onstage and in the classroom, though a remarkably successful production by John Caird at the Swan Theatre in Stratford-upon-Avon in 1986, and Gabriele Bernhard Jackson’s edition for the Yale Ben Johnson in 1969, are encour-aging exceptions to that general decline.

When did the folio revision take place? The date is of significance if we are to understand the place of the folio version of Every Man In in Jonson’s stylistic and theatrical development. The choices most favoured in the ongoing debate are some time around 1605 and 1612. Chambers, ES, argues for the first date, noting that the revival at court on 2 February 1605 would have provided Jonson with the occasion for revision. Internal clues to support this date are, however, not very substantial. Bobadill’s recounting of his presumed exploits at Strigonium ‘some ten years now’ (3.1.92ff.) alludes to the Battle of Graan or Êstergom in Hungary, recaptured from the Turks in 1595; but we need to consider that Bobadill is spinning a lie of epic proportions, and that when Brainworm, disguised as a wounded veteran, has his turn to recount his military career, he goes back all the way, in both quarto and folio text, to the Turkish sieges of Aleppo in 1516 and Vienna in 1529 (see notes at Q, 2.1.50–1 and F1, 2.4.54). Internal evidence about the Turkish Grand Signor is no more substantial. Wellbred’s letter to young Knowell promises him a present ‘our Turkey company never sent the like to the Grand Signor’ (1.2.69–70), which might have seemed especially relevant in 1606, shortly after a large gift had been made to the Sultan in 1605; but this possible date has the disadvantage of coming after the court performance in February 1605. Moreover, payments to the Sultan were known to have been made in 1583 and 1593. Dekker’s The Wonderful Year (1603) alludes familiarly to New Year’s gifts ‘more in number and more worth than those that are given to the great Turk or the Emperor of Persia’ (see note at 1.2.69–70). Awareness of such payments seems to have been widespread throughout the era.

Several seeming references to Queen Elizabeth’s reign are to be found in the quarto text and persist into the folio version: ‘I arrest you i’the Queen’s name’ (F1, 4.11.18), ‘Keep the peace . . . in Her Majesty’s name’ (4.11.33), ‘You must not deny the Queen’s justice’ (5.5.16). Did Jonson deliberately retain these phrases as anachronistic touches consistent with the performance, years later, of a play ‘acted in the year 1598’, as the folio title-page and casting list announce? Or do they suggest revision before 1603 or shortly after? The evidence is inconclusive.

The thoroughgoing removal of oaths from the folio text is offered by Herford and Simpson (1.332) as evidence of a conforming with the Act against Abuses of Players passed in 1606, in preparation for folio publication. They argue for a date around 1612, after Jonson had finally declared himself in Epicene (1609) and The Alchemist (1610) to be an observer of the London scene. In 1612 Jonson was actively involved in preparation for the folio of 1616 and, moreover, was not busy writing masques for the court. The style of revision seems late to Herford and Simpson. James Riddell (1997b) argues from bibliographical evidence that revisions to the text may have been continuing as the volume was going into print, which could perhaps explain why the printing of the folio began with EMO and not with EMI. Against these arguments, J. W. Lever (1971) and others observe that the Act of 1606 forbade blasphemy on the stage but did not concern itself with printed texts, whereas removal of potentially objectionable language from plays was going on apace in any event, and might have seemed a decorous thing for Jonson to do in early 1605 as he readied his text for revival at court on Candlemas, a church festival. Jonson’s move towards a London setting for his plays by this date is evidenced in the collaboratively written Eastward Ho! in 1605, and is strongly implicit in Every Man Out of His Humour (1599): though it announces as its setting the decorously vague ‘Fortunate Isle’, the play locates one of its longest scenes in ‘the middle isle in Paul’s’ with specific references to ‘here at London’ (lines 1919–20, 1928, 1940, 1953, 2055 etc.).

On balance, there appears to be no compelling reason to place all of the folio revisions as late as 1610–12, even if some revising work does indeed seem to have continued into the printing process; in particular, the cutting of Lorenzo Junior’s long defence of poetry in Act 5 may have turned out to be necessary because the number of quires set aside for the printing of this play, most of which took place only after all of the other plays had made their way through the press, proved to be inadequate (see Textual Essay, Electronic Edition, and Riddell, 1997b). A possible bit of evidence in favour of an earlier date for some revisions, not generally noticed, is the fact that Kitely agrees to meet a certain Master Lucre at ‘the Exchange’ (F1, 2.1.10, 3.3.118) to conclude a business deal. Kitely lives in Old Jewry, near the Royal Exchange between Cornhill and Threadneedle Street, far from the New Exchange that would be built in 1609 to the west of the city on the Strand. The phrase ‘the Exchange’ would seem to imply the single building of that name that had been completed in 1568, and indeed the repeated references to it in the folio text consistently seemingly point to the Royal Exchange in the city. Just as clearly, the references in Epicene in 1609 are to the New Exchange, which was by then a lively topic of conversation and indeed the subject of The Entertainment at Britain’s Burse, written by Jonson and performed on 11 April 1609 to celebrate the opening. (The single use of the word ‘Exchange’ in the quarto text of Every Man In, at 4.2.33, appears to be generic and thus applicable to Florence or any city.) At all events, the invitation to present the play at court in 1605 might well have provided an apt incentive for Jonson to rework his earlier play, even if internal evidence cannot conclusively support this date. He was by this time a figure of some importance in court entertainments, and his self-identification as a writer of comedies about London was already becoming apparent.

Jonson’s translation of his earlier play from Florence to London is, on the whole, thorough. The characters’ names are either Anglicized (Matheo to Matthew, Stephano to Stephen, Bobadilla to Bobadill, Doctor Clement to Justice Clement), or provided with an English substitute: Giuliano to Downright, Lorenzo to Knowell (father and son), Musco to Brainworm, Prospero to Wellbred, Thorello and Bianca to Kitely and Dame Kitely, Hesperida to Mistress Bridget, Peto to Formal, Piso to Cash. The exceptions to this pattern are Cob and his wife Tib, who are the most English of the characters in the quarto versions; Cob is given the distinctly English first name of ‘Oliver’ in the quarto (3.3.84), and ‘Tib’ (short for ‘Isabel’) is a common name in Elizabethan literature for a lower-class woman of presumably assailable virtue, as in John Heywood’s John John the Husband, Tib His Wife, and Sir John the Priest. Jonson could have seen how often his fellow dramatists in the 1590s inserted English below-stairs comic types into comedies with Italian settings (Christopher Sly in The Taming of the Shrew, Dogberry and the watch in Much Ado About Nothing, etc.).

Along with these changes in characters’ names, Jonson persistently brings the scene nearer to home. Old Knowell refers to ‘both our universities’ of Oxford and Cambridge (1.1.12), announcing at once an English setting. Like Old Knowell, Stephen dwells at Hoxton, near Finsbury and Islington Ponds (42–4); Stephen is a proud owner of ‘Middlesex land’ (1.2.4). He is colourfully and idiotically English, in his woollen stockings and his taste for the ballads of John Trundle (1.3.47), whose writings had appeared in 1603. Stephen exemplifies what young Knowell calls ‘suburb humour’ (1.3.103), reminding us that Hoxton (or Hogs-den as it is spelled in the folio text, betraying its agricultural origins) is close to London on its northern–north-eastern side and yet still partly rural. Wellbred, on the other hand, is a city sophisticate. Writing from the Windmill Tavern in Old Jewry in the heart of the old city of London, he invites his friend young Knowell to leave his father’s place and its apricot orchards and walk across the fields to Moorgate (1.3.71), a distance of less than two miles. Wellbred promises his friend a rhymer who considers himself the ‘poet-major o’the town’ (1.2.71), a seeming hit at Anthony Munday, who is less directly glanced at in the earlier quarto text as the ‘Poet Nuntius’ (Q1.1.154).

The scenes set in London focus on Old Jewry. Kitely lives there with his wife, sister, and brother-in-law Wellbred. Cob serves water to residents of the area. Justice Clement’s chambers are in Coleman Street (3.2.45). The ‘Spital’ or hospital, probably St Mary’s, is near at hand; so is Pict-hatch, an area notorious for prostitution and crime, and the Royal Exchange. Thames Street, the Custom House Quay, the Tower of London, the Artillery Garden (or Yard), Bridewell prison, Houndsditch, and the Counters are mentioned as familiar locations. Turnbull Street, where Bobadill boasts he has walked alone (4.7.35), was one of the most dangerous streets in the city. Epicene is similarly fascinated with a particular neighbour-hood, though in that case it is a newer and wealthier area expanding westwards from the old city along the Strand. The Alchemist takes place in the London liberty of Blackfriars, Bartholomew Fair in Smithfield. Jonson is both specific and varied in the geographical settings of his London plays. The folio revision of Every Man In seems consciously designed as a part of this pattern. Its indications of setting are not random or happenstance; they are part of a Londoner’s guide to Jonson’s own amazing city, in a way that Dickens would later appreciate.

The growing metropolitan area surrounding the old city is also invoked to set Old Jewry in its urban context. Fleet Street to the west, Mile End to the east (where the militia trained), Shoreditch just north-east of the city, and Whitechapel in the eastern outskirts are all mentioned; some of these were disreputable and dangerous. Deptford, since 1581 the site of Drake’s famous vessel, the Golden Hind, is described as just down the river (1.3.93).

Bobadill lodges with Cob in the city, unable to afford quarters more suited to one who passes himself off as a man of parts, a brave gallant. His guest, the poetaster Matthew, is (according to Cob) the son of a ‘worshipful fishmonger’ (1.4.48), one of the powerful London guilds. Bobadill espouses the smoking of tobacco, while Cob is disgusted by it, thus reflecting a contemporary debate in London as to the pros and cons of the notorious substance that had recently arrived from the New World and that provoked outrage from King James and other critics. Bobadill’s oaths represent a London fashion, and are sometimes particularly English, as when he swears ‘By Saint George’ (1.4.60–1) and ‘’fore George’ (2.1.69 etc.). The art of defence that Matthew wishes to learn from his mentor was all the rage in London in the 1590s and early 1600s. Matthew’s plagiarisms from the likes of Samuel Daniel and Christopher Marlowe (1.5.53–8, 4.2.37–50) seem more in keeping with the folio’s London setting than do the equivalent passages in the quarto. So too with their approving recital (‘Go by, Hieronimo!’ and ‘O eyes, no eyes’, etc.) of their favourite purple passages from Thomas Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy. The London flavour of the satire is enhanced by the fact that these would-be gallants are playgoers of questionable taste and avid students of the latest fashion in sonneteering.

Topical immediacy in the play touches on religion, as when Kitely assures himself that his servant, Cash, is neither ‘precisian’, that is, a reformer, or Roman Catholic (3.3.88–9). Cob’s complaint about ‘some fishmonger’s son’ who enforces fasting days on ‘Ember weeks and villainous Fridays’, found in both quarto and folio texts, takes on explicit local meaning when transferred to London; whether or not this is a dig at Lord Burghley as the author of ‘Cecil’s fast’, the sour jokes about unpopular legislation designed to support a sagging fishing industry would have struck London spectators as pointedly contemporary. Coinage is at times idiosyncratically English: the ‘pieces of eight’ coined in Elizabeth’s reign for trade with the Spanish colonies (2.1.6), ‘cracked three-farthings’ infamous for their thin and brittle quality (2.1.66), angels or gold coins worth about 10s. each (2.3.39; ‘crowns’ in the quarto), shove-groat shillings that were filed smooth for use in the game of shovel-board (and were certainly not a part of the scene in Florence, despite the presence of this detail in the quarto text at 3.2.11). Military ranks, such as sergeant-major and lieutenant-colonel, are English (3.5.16–17). So are a number of mythic or historical allusions to such figures as Roger Bacon (1.4.19), although, oddly, Morglay (from the enormously popular tale of Sir Bevis of Hampton) and Excalibur (from Arthurian legend) are to be found in the quarto text as well. Evidence is not hard to find that Jonson wanted his audiences to see analogies and direct links to England even in the Florentine setting of the quarto version.

The prologue is a striking addition in the folio text. One reason that one would like to date the revision as accurately as possible is that the prologue is a major literary and theatrical manifesto. Yet Jonson need not have written the prologue when he did the rest of the revision, and that revision itself need not have been completed all at one time. The new prologue might have seemed arrogant and out of place at court in 1605 (not that Jonson always avoided the appearance of being arrogant). As a piece for the 1616 edition of Jonson’s works, on the other hand, it makes sense as a manifesto for the volume as a whole. It stands in pride of place at the head of the volume. The considerations that argue in favour of some early revision do not apply to the prologue. It could well be Jonson’s brief summation of his literary creed after he had written Volpone, Epicene, and The Alchemist.

The prologue identifies Jonson as critical heir to Sir Philip Sidney’s Defence of Poesy (written 1582). Like Sidney, Jonson deplores the romantic drama so prevalent on the London stage of the 1580s and continuing on into the 1600s, featuring characters who have aged from infancy to old age and pitched battles that are pathetically mimed by a few actors with rusty swords. Jonson may be inviting his audience, and, importantly, his readers, to think of a number of plays, from Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus (in which the adult lifespan of the protagonist is represented) to The Conquest of the West Indies and Siege of Dunkirk, with Alleyn the Pirate (both of them lost history plays for the Admiral’s Men in 1601 and 1603). Unavoidably, though, his criticism seems directed especially at Shakespeare. The reference to ‘York and Lancaster’s long jars’ must refer to Shakespeare’s English history plays, especially the early four-play sequence from 1 Henry Ⅵ to Richard Ⅲ. The Chorus who offendingly ‘wafts you o’er the seas’ (15) must have been understood as a swipe at Henry V.

This prologue is crucial to our understanding of Jonson’s sense of who he was as a dramatist, indeed, because it is here that he defines himself as being essentially unlike Shakespeare. He, Jonson, will have no sound effects of storms in his theatre such as are to be found in King Lear. (Jonson probably could not have alluded to that famous storm in early 1605, but he could have done so in a volume published in 1616.) Instead, the author declares, his plays will employ ‘deeds and language such as men do use’ and ‘persons such as Comedy would choose’ (21–2). The best dramatic art, in this view, offers to its audiences a realistic mirror of human society. The best dramatic art observes decorum in genres: comedy, as defined and exemplified by the best of ancient writers, must ‘sport with human follies, not with crimes’ (24). It does not mix the lofty and the ludicrous, any more than it mixes humans and invisible spirits, or ‘men’ and ‘monsters’ (30). The best comedy satirizes human folly, inviting its audience to laugh at ‘errors’ (26) and thereby learn to eschew ridiculous behaviour. Comedy rubs salt in the wound in order to be curative. Jonson says many of these same things in his prologues to Volpone, Epicene, and The Alchemist, the Induction to Bartholomew Fair, and else-where. The Prologue to Every Man In is integral to Jonson’s defence of his art.

Jonson dedicated Every Man In to William Camden. This is another feature that significantly distinguishes the quarto from the folio text. Camden had been Jonson’s teacher. The younger man looked up to his master as a model of humane learning. In a tone so often characteristic of him, Jonson inveighs against the ‘supercilious race’ of carping critics who will accuse him of presumption. He deplores their ‘ignorance’ and the ‘crying down of poetry’ and its practitioners, as he does in his play. Yet surprisingly, Jonson deletes, in his folio version of Act 5, a long quarto passage in which Lorenzo Junior laments the decline of poetry and complains of ‘the fat judgements of the multitude’ in ‘this barren and infected age’ (Q, 5.3.260–91). Riddell (1997b) argues on bibliographical grounds that shortening may have been necessary because the compositors, given exactly six quires for this play, which was for the most part the very last one to have been printed, ran out of space; and, although some white space does remain in the final pages of the folio EMI, Jonson does seem to have made a extraordinarily large number of cuts in his text after sig. F4. Literary reasons for the excisions are also plausible: Jonson may have felt that he could offer his defence of poetry more effectively, in the folio text, at the very start of his play and indeed of the entire volume. That is where we find the dedication to Camden and prologue’s spirited manifesto.

For all the changes from quarto to folio in setting and characters’ names, and despite the multitudinous changes in wording, with several sizable cuts and additions, the storyline of EMI remains much the same in the revised text as in the original. The characters, too, are substantially true to themselves, as is perhaps to be expected of a ‘humours’ comedy. Even so, the chance to revise did give Jonson the opportunity to rethink issues of fairness and compassion. Old Knowell is made a more forgiving figure than his counterpart in the quarto; Jonson adds in the folio text a speech for Old Knowell forgiving Musco for his knavery because, as the old man says, ‘I love not to have my favours come hard from me’ (F1, 5.3.60). Conversely, Lorenzo Senior berates his son harshly in the final scene of the quarto text, saying, ‘Well, son Lorenzo, this day’s work of yours hath much deceived my hopes, troubled my peace, and stretched my patience further than became the spirit of duty’ (Q, 5.3.203–5). The speech has no equivalent in F1. To be sure, the father ultimately gives in to a spirit of ‘general content’ (Q, 5.3.371), but the charitableness is more hardly won. In a similar vein, the folio’s Kitely is more ready to forgive his wife and concede his own folly of jealous fear than in the quarto; in a fine speech not found in Q, he concedes that he has ‘learned so much verse out of a jealous man’s part in a play’ (F1, 5.5.70). Clement is genially inclined in both texts to toast his company in cups of wine (as at F1, 5.3.56, 82, and 91–2) and to appreciate a good jest, but Justice Clement is more inclined than Doctor Clement to savour the important distinctions between good and bad poets (F1, 5.5.31–7). The humiliating punishments he hands out Bobadilla and Matheo in the quarto text (5.3.297–312) are cut from the folio, and the absence of an exit for these fools prior to the general exeunt in the folio text leaves open the possibility of a more accommodating finale, even if these figures of ridicule are not to be invited to the feast.

The folio text of EMI was set up from a copy of the quarto of 1601 that had been worked over by Jonson with handwritten corrections. Evidence for use of the quarto is to be found in a few instances where F1 follows Q erroneously. In three cases it copies Q’s attempts to render prose as verse. Compare, for example,

What Cob? our maides will haue you by the back (Ifaith)

For comming so late this morning.

(Q, 1.4.139–40)

with

WHat, Cob? our maides will haue you by the back (Ifaith)

For comming so late this morning.

(F1, 2.3.1–2)

So also F1, 4.5.1–2 (Q, 3.6.1–2) and F1, 5.1.7–8 (Q, 5.3.7–8). Similarly, Q’s inappropriate use of a question mark is followed thrice by F1: e.g. ‘No truly sir?’ (Q, 3.2.54), ‘No truely, sir?’ (F1, 3.5.57), and also at F1, 4.9.53 (‘here’s my iewell?) and 5.3.3 (‘A gentleman, sir?’) Conversely, F1 follows Q in using a full stop instead of the expected question mark at 2.3.36 (‘Sweet heart, will you come in, to breakefast.’), 3.1.124, 3.2.36, and 4.11.11, even when the sentence itself is altered in revision: ‘Musco, s’bloud what winde hath blowne thee hither in this shape.’ (Q, 2.3.175), ‘Brayne-Worme! S’light, what breath of a coniurer, hath blowne thee hither in this shape.’ (F1, 3.2.35–6).

Most of EMI was set into type late in the printing of the 1616 folio; indeed all of this play after 1.3.100 was printed only after all of the other plays of the 1616 edition had gone through the press and the printer was at work on the next section of the folio devoted to the Epigrams (Riddell, 1997b). Quite possibly some revision was still in progress, as indicated above. Although the folio as a whole generally features an unusually large number of stop-press corrections, such is not the case with this play. Only a handful of corrections (at the dedication subtitle; 1.2.3, 9, 92, and 110; 1.3.12; 4.2.38, 39, and 102; and 5.3.68) occur, all of them unproblematic. Jonson seems to have been involved in proofing and correcting. See Textual Essay in the Electronic Edition for an expanded account.

 

EVERY MAN IN HIS HUMOUR TO THE MOST

LEARNED, AND

MY HONOURED

FRIEND,

 Master Camden,   Clarenceux

Sir,

There are, no doubt,  a supercilious race in the world who will esteem all

 office done you  in this kind an injury, so  solemn a vice it is with them to use the

authority of their ignorance to the crying down of poetry or the  professors. But

my gratitude must not  leave to correct their error, since I am none of those that 5

can  suffer the benefits conferred upon my youth to perish with my age. It is a frail

memory that remembers but present things; and,  had the favour of the times so

conspired with my disposition as it could have brought forth other or better, you

had had the same proportion and number of  the fruits, the first. Now I pray you

to accept this, such wherein neither the confession of my manners shall make you 10

blush nor of my studies repent you to have been the instructor; and for the profession

of my thankfulness, I am sure it will with good men find either praise or

excuse.

Your true lover,

Ben Jonson  15

 The Persons of the Play

KNOWELL
  an old gentleman
 EDWARD KNOWELL
  his son
 BRAINWORM
  the father’s man
 MASTER STEPHEN
  a country  gull [Knowell’s nephew]
[GEORGE]  DOWNRIGHT
  a plain   squire 5
WELLBRED
  his half-brother
 JUSTICE CLEMENT
  an old merry magistrate
ROGER FORMAL
  his clerk
[THOMAS] KITELY
  a merchant
DAME KITELY
  his wife [Wellbred’s sister] 10
 MISTRESS BRIDGET
  his sister
 MASTER MATTHEW
  the town gull
[THOMAS] CASH
  Kitely’s man
[OLIVER]  COB
    a waterbearer
 TIB
  his wife 15
 CAPTAIN  BOBADILL
    a Paul’s man
[SERVANTS and ATTENDANTS]

 THE SCENE: LONDON

Prologue

Though need make many poets, and some such

As art and nature have not bettered much,

Yet  ours, for want, hath not so loved the stage 

As he dare serve th’ill customs of the age,

Or purchase your delight at such a rate 5

As, for it, he himself must justly hate:

 To make a child,  now swaddled, to  proceed

Man, and then shoot up in one beard and weed

Past threescore years; or, with  three rusty swords,

And help of some few  foot-and-half-foot words, 10

 Fight over York and Lancaster’s long jars,

 And in the tiring-house bring wounds to scars.

He rather prays you will be pleased to see

One such today as other plays should be:

 Where neither Chorus wafts you o’er the seas, 15

Nor  creaking throne comes down, the boys to please,

Nor nimble  squib is seen, to make afeard

The gentlewomen, nor rolled  bullet heard

To say it thunders, nor tempestuous drum

Rumbles, to tell you when the storm doth come; 20

 But deeds and language such as men do use,

And persons such as Comedy would choose

When she would show an image of the times,

And sport with human  follies, not with crimes –

 Except we make  ’em such by loving still 25

Our popular errors, when we know  they’re ill.

I mean such errors as you’ll all confess,

By laughing at them, they deserve no less –

Which, when you heartily do, there’s hope left then

 You that have so graced monsters may like men. 30

1.1    [Enter] KNOWELL [and] BRAINWORM.

KNOWELL

A goodly day toward, and a fresh morning! 

Brainworm,

Call up your young master. Bid him rise, sir.

Tell him I have some business to employ him.

BRAINWORM

I will, sir, presently.

KNOWELL

But hear you, sirrah: 5

If he   be at his book, disturb him not.

BRAINWORM

 Well, sir.  [Exit.]

KNOWELL

How happy yet should I esteem myself

Could I by any  practice wean the boy

From one vain course of study he affects!

He is a scholar, if a man may trust 10

The  liberal voice of  fame in her report,

Of good  account in  both our universities,

Either of which hath favoured him with  graces;

But their indulgence must not  spring in me

A  fond opinion that he cannot err. 15

 Myself was once a student and, indeed,

Fed with the self-same humour he is now,

Dreaming on  naught but idle poetry,

That fruitless and unprofitable art,

Good unto none, but least to the  professors, 20

Which then I thought the mistress of all knowledge;

But since, time and the truth have waked my judgement,

And reason taught me better to distinguish

The  vain from th’useful learnings.

 [Enter] Master STEPHEN.

  Cousin Stephen!

What news with you, that you are here so early? 25

STEPHEN

Nothing but e’en come to see how you do, uncle.

KNOWELL

That’s kindly done. You are welcome,   coz.

STEPHEN

 Ay, I know that, sir; I would not  ha’ come else. How  do my cousin

Edward, uncle?

KNOWELL

Oh, well, coz. Go in and see. I doubt he be scarce stirring yet. 30

STEPHEN

Uncle, afore I go in, can you tell me an he have  e’er a  book of the

sciences of hawking and hunting? I would fain borrow it.

KNOWELL

 Why, I hope you will not a-hawking now, will you?

STEPHEN

No,  wusse, but I’ll practise against next year, uncle. I have bought me

a hawk, and a  hood and bells and all; I lack nothing but a book to keep it by. 35

KNOWELL

Oh, most ridiculous!

STEPHEN

Nay, look you now, you are angry, uncle. Why, you know, an a man

have not skill in the hawking and hunting languages nowadays, I’ll not give a

rush for him.  They are more studied than the Greek or the Latin. He is for no

gallant’s company without ’em; and, by  gad’s lid, I scorn it, I, so I do, to be a 40

consort for every   humdrum. Hang ’em,  scroyles! There’s nothing in ’em i’the

world. What do you talk on it? Because I dwell at   Hoxton, I shall keep company

with none but the archers of Finsbury, or the citizens that come a-ducking to

Islington Ponds? A fine jest, i’faith!  ’Slid, a gentleman  mun show himself like

a gentleman. Uncle, I pray you be not angry. I know what I have to do, I trow; 45

I am no novice.

KNOWELL

You are a prodigal, absurd  coxcomb. Go to!

Nay, never look at me; it’s I that speak.

Take’t as you will, sir, I’ll not flatter you.

Ha’ you not yet found means  enough to waste 50

That which your friends have left you, but you must

Go cast away your money on a  kite,

And know not how to keep it when you ha’ done?

Oh, it’s  comely! This will make you a gentleman!

Well, cousin, well, I see you are e’en past hope 55

Of all reclaim. Ay, so, now you are told on it,

You look another way.

STEPHEN

What would you ha’ me do?

KNOWELL

What would I have you do? I’ll tell you, kinsman:

Learn to be wise and practise how to thrive,

That would I have you do, and not to spend 60

Your coin on every   bauble that you fancy,

Or every foolish brain that humours you.

I would not have you to invade each place,

Nor thrust yourself on all societies,

Till men’s affections or your own desert 65

Should worthily invite you to  your rank.

He that is so  respectless in his courses

Oft sells his reputation  at cheap market.

Nor would I you should melt away yourself

In  flashing bravery,  lest, while you  affect 70

To make a  blaze of gentry to the world,

A little puff of scorn extinguish it

And you be left like an unsavoury  snuff,

Whose property is only to offend.

 I’d ha’ you sober and  contain yourself, 75

Not that your sail be bigger than your boat;

But moderate your expenses now at first,

As you may keep the same proportion still;

Nor stand so much on your gentility,

Which is an airy and mere borrowed thing 80

From dead men’s dust and bones, and none of yours

 Except you make or hold it. Who comes here?

1.2     [Enter a] SERVANT.

SERVANT

 Save you, gentlemen.

STEPHEN

Nay, we   do not stand much on our gentility, friend. Yet you are

welcome, and I assure you mine uncle here is a man of a thousand a year,

Middlesex land. He has but one son in all the world; I am his next heir at the

common law, Master Stephen, as simple as I stand here, if my cousin  die, as 5

there’s hope he will. I have a pretty living o’mine own, too, beside, hard by

here.

SERVANT

 In good time, sir.

STEPHEN

‘In good time, sir’? Why, and  in very good time, sir. You do not flout,

friend, do you? 10

SERVANT

Not I, sir.

STEPHEN

Not you, sir?  You were not best, sir. An you should, here be  them can

perceive it, and that quickly too; go to. And they can give it again soundly, too,

an need be.

SERVANT

Why, sir, let this satisfy you: good faith, I had no such intent. 15

STEPHEN

Sir, an I thought you had, I would talk with you, and that presently.

SERVANT

Good Master Stephen, so you may, sir, at your pleasure.

STEPHEN

And so I would, sir,  good my saucy companion, an you were out

o’mine uncle’s ground, I can tell you – though I do not stand upon my

gentility, neither, in’t. 20

KNOWELL

Cousin, cousin, will this ne’er be left?

STEPHEN

Whoreson base fellow! A  mechanical servingman! By this  cudgel, an

’twere not  for shame, I would –

KNOWELL

What would you do, you  peremptory  gull?

If you cannot be quiet, get you hence! 25

You see the  honest man  demeans himself

Modestly  towards you, giving no reply

To your  unseasoned, quarrelling, rude fashion;

And still you  huff it, with a kind of carriage

As void of  wit as of humanity. 30

Go, get you in! ’Fore heaven, I am ashamed

Thou hast a kinsman’s  interest in me.  [Exit Stephen.]

SERVANT

I pray you, sir, is this Master Knowell’s house?

KNOWELL

Yes,  marry, is it, sir.

SERVANT

I should inquire for a gentleman here, one Master Edward Knowell. 35

Do you know any such, sir, I pray you?

KNOWELL

I should forget myself else, sir.

SERVANT

Are you the gentleman? Cry you mercy, sir. I was required by a gentleman

 i’the city, as I rode out at this end o’the town, to deliver you this letter,

sir. 40

[He gives a letter.]

KNOWELL

To me, sir? What do you mean? Pray you,  remember your court’sy.

[He reads.] ‘To his most  selected friend, Master Edward Knowell.’ What might

the gentleman’s name be, sir, that sent it? Nay, pray you, be covered.

SERVANT

One Master Wellbred, sir.

KNOWELL

Master Wellbred! A young gentleman, is he not? 45

SERVANT

The same, sir. Master Kitely married his sister – the rich merchant

i’the  Old Jewry.

KNOWELL

You say very true. – Brainworm!

 [Enter] BRAINWORM.

BRAINWORM

Sir?

KNOWELL

Make this honest friend drink here.

[To the Servant] Pray you, go in. 50 [Exeunt Servant and Brainworm.]

This letter is directed to my son.

Yet I am Edward Knowell too, and may

With the safe conscience of good manners use

The fellow’s error to my satisfaction.

Well, I will break it ope – old men are curious – 55

Be it but for the style’s sake and the phrase,

To see if both do  answer my son’s praises,

Who is almost grown the idolater

Of this young Wellbred. [He opens the letter.] What have we here? What’s this?

 [He reads] the letter. ‘Why, Ned, I beseech thee, hast thou forsworn all thy friends 60

i’the Old Jewry, or dost thou think us all  Jews that inhabit there yet? If thou

dost, come over and but see our  frippery; change  an old shirt for a whole

smock with us. Do not conceive that antipathy between us and  Hoxton as

was between Jews and  hogs’ flesh. Leave thy vigilant father alone, to number

over his green apricots evening and morning o’the north-west wall. An I had 65

been his son, I had saved him the labour long since, if taking in all the young

wenches that pass by at the back door, and  coddling every kernel of the fruit

for ’em, would ha’ served. But  prithee  come over to me quickly, this morning;

I have such a present for thee  (our Turkey Company never sent the like to the

Grand Signor)! One is a rhymer, sir, o’your own  batch,  your own  leaven, but 70

doth think himself   poet-major o’the town, willing to be shown and  worthy to

be seen.  The other – I will not venture  his description with you till you come,

because I would ha’ you make hither with an appetite. If  the worst of ’em be

not worth your journey, draw your bill of  charges as unconscionable  as any

Guildhall verdict will give it you, and you shall be allowed your  viaticum. 75

From  the Windmill.’

From the   bordello it might come as well,

The   Spital, or  Pict-hatch! Is this the man

My son hath sung so for the  happiest wit,

The choicest brain the times  hath sent us forth? 80

I know not what he may be in the arts,

Nor what in schools, but surely for his manners

I judge him a profane and dissolute wretch,

Worse by possession or such great good   gifts,

Being the master of so loose a spirit. 85

Why, what unhallowed ruffian would have writ

In such a scurrilous manner to a friend?

Why should he think I  tell my apricots,

 Or play th’Hesperian dragon with my fruit,

To watch it? Well, my son,  I had thought 90

 You’d had more judgement t’have made  election

Of your companions  than t’ have ta’en on trust

Such  petulant,  jeering  gamesters, that can spare

No argument or subject from their jest.

But I perceive affection makes a fool 95

Of any man too much the father. – Brainworm!

 [Enter] BRAINWORM.

BRAINWORM

Sir?

KNOWELL

Is the fellow gone that brought this letter?

BRAINWORM

Yes, sir, a pretty while since.

KNOWELL

And where’s your young master? 100

BRAINWORM

In his chamber, sir.

KNOWELL

He spake not with the fellow, did he?

BRAINWORM

No, sir, he saw him not.

KNOWELL

[Giving the letter] Take you this letter and deliver it my son,

But with no notice that I have opened it, on your life. 105

BRAINWORM

Oh, Lord, sir, that were a jest indeed!  [Exit.]

KNOWELL

 I am resolved I will not stop his journey,

Nor practise any violent mean to  stay

The unbridled course of youth in him, for that,

Restrained, grows more impatient, and   in kind, 110

Like to the eager but the  generous greyhound,

Who, ne’er so little from his game withheld,

Turns head and leaps up at his holder’s throat.

There is a way of winning more by love,

And urging of the  modesty, than fear; 115

Force works on servile natures, not the free.

He that’s compelled to goodness may be good,

 But ’tis but for that fit, where others, drawn

By softness and example, get a habit.

Then, if they stray,  but warn ’em, and the same 120

They should for  virtue have done they’ll do for shame.  [Exit.]

1.3     [Enter] EDWARD KNOWELL [with the letter, and] BRAINWORM.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Did he open it, sayest thou?

BRAINWORM

Yes, o’my word, sir, and read the contents.

EDWARD KNOWELL

That scarce contents me. What countenance,  prithee,

made he i’the reading of it? Was he angry or pleased?

BRAINWORM

Nay, sir, I saw him not read it, nor open it, I assure Your Worship. 5

EDWARD KNOWELL

No? How know’st thou then that he did either?

BRAINWORM

Marry, sir, because he charged me on my life to tell nobody that

he opened it, which, unless he had done, he would never fear to have it

revealed.

EDWARD KNOWELL

That’s true. Well, I thank thee, Brainworm . 10

 [Enter] master stephen [unnoticed by Edward Knowell, who is occupied with reading his letter].

STEPHEN

Oh,  Brainworm, didst thou not see a fellow here in a what-sha’-call-

him doublet? He brought mine uncle a  letter e’en now.

BRAINWORM

Yes, Master Stephen, what of him?

STEPHEN

Oh, I ha’ such a mind to beat  him! Where is he, canst thou tell?

BRAINWORM

[Aside]  Faith, he is not of that mind. – He is gone, Master Stephen. 15

STEPHEN

Gone? Which way? When went he? How long since?

BRAINWORM

He  is rid hence. He took horse at the street door.

STEPHEN

And I stayed i’the fields! Whoreson  scanderbag rogue! Oh, that I had

but a horse to fetch him back again!

BRAINWORM

Why, you may ha’ my mistress’s  gelding, to save your longing, 20

sir.

STEPHEN

But I ha’ no boots, that’s the spite on’t.

BRAINWORM

Why,  a fine wisp of hay rolled hard, Master  Stephen –

STEPHEN

No, faith, it’s  no boot to follow him now. Let him e’en go, and hang.

 Pray thee, help to  truss me a little. He does so vex me – 25

BRAINWORM

You’ll be worse vexed when you are  trussed, Master Stephen. Best

keep unbraced, and walk yourself till you be cold.  Your choler may founder

you else.

STEPHEN

By my faith, and so I will, now thou tell’st me on’t. How dost thou

like my leg, Brainworm? 30

BRAINWORM

A very good leg, Master Stephen; but the  woollen stocking does

not commend it so well.

STEPHEN

Foh! The stockings be good enough, now summer is coming on, for

the dust. I’ll have a pair of silk  again’ winter,  that I go to dwell i’the town. I

think my leg would   show in a silk hose. 35

BRAINWORM

 Believe me, Master Stephen, rarely well.

STEPHEN

 In sadness, I think it would. I have a reasonable good leg.

BRAINWORM

You have an excellent good leg, Master Stephen, but I cannot

stay to praise it longer now, and I am very sorry for’t.

STEPHEN

Another time will serve, Brainworm.  Gramercy for this. 40

 [Exit Brainworm.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

 (Laughs, having read the letter) Ha, ha, ha!

STEPHEN

[Aside] ’Slid, I hope he laughs not at me. An he do –

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Oblivious still of Stephen’s presence] Here was a letter indeed,

to be intercepted by a man’s father, and do him good with him! He cannot but

think most virtuously both of me and the sender, sure, that make the  careful 45

 costermonger of him in our   Familiar Epistles’. Well, if he read this with

patience, I’ll  be  gelt, and  troll ballads for  Master John Trundle, yonder, the

rest of my  mortality. It is true and likely my father may have as much patience

as another man, for he takes much  physic, and oft taking physic makes a man

very patient. But  would your packet, Master Wellbred, had arrived at him in 50

such a minute of his patience; then we had known the end of it, which now

is doubtful, and threatens – [Noticing Stephen, but not speaking to him] What, my

wise cousin! Nay, then, I’ll furnish  our feast with one gull more toward  the

 mess. He writes to me of a  brace, and here’s one: that’s three. Oh, for a fourth!

 Fortune, if ever thou’lt use thine eyes, I entreat thee – 55

STEPHEN

[Aside] Oh, now I see who he laughed at: he laughed at somebody in

that letter. By this good light, an he had laughed at me –

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aloud] How now, cousin Stephen,   melancholy?

STEPHEN

Yes, a little. I thought you had laughed at me, cousin.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Why, what an I had, coz? What would you ha’ done? 60

STEPHEN

 By this light, I would ha’ told mine uncle.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, if you would ha’ told your uncle, I did laugh at you,

coz.

STEPHEN

Did you, indeed?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Yes, indeed. 65

STEPHEN

Why, then –

EDWARD KNOWELL

What then?

STEPHEN

I am satisfied; it is sufficient.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Why, be so, gentle coz. And, I pray you, let me entreat

a courtesy of you. I am sent for this morning by a friend i’the Old Jewry to 70

come to him; it’s but crossing over the fields to   Moorgate. Will you bear me

company?  I protest, it is not to draw you  into bond, or any plot against the

state, coz.

STEPHEN

Sir,  that’s all one, an ’twere; you shall command me twice so far as

Moorgate to do  you good in such a matter. Do you think I would leave you? 75

 I protest –

EDWARD KNOWELL

No, no, you shall not protest, coz.

STEPHEN

 By my fackins, but I will, by your leave; I’ll protest more to my friend

than I’ll speak of at this time.

EDWARD KNOWELL

You speak very well, coz. 80

STEPHEN

Nay, not so, neither, you shall pardon me; but I speak to serve my

turn.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Your turn, coz? Do you know what you say? A gentleman

of your  sort, parts, carriage, and estimation, to talk o’your  ‘turn’  i’this company,

and to me alone, like a  tankard-bearer at a conduit? Fie! A  wight that 85

hitherto his every step hath left the  stamp of a great foot behind him, as every

word the  savour of a strong spirit! And he, this man, so graced,  gilded, or,

to use a more fit metaphor, so tinfoiled by nature, as not ten housewives’

pewter again’ a good time shows more bright to the world than he! And he –

as I said last, so I say again, and still shall say it – this man, to conceal such 90

  real ornaments as these, and shadow their glory as a  milliner’s wife does her

wrought stomacher with a smoky lawn or a black  cyprus? Oh, coz, it cannot be

 answered;  go not about it!  Drake’s old ship at Deptford may sooner circle the

world again. Come, wrong not the quality of your desert with looking downward,

coz, but hold up your head, so; and let the idea of what you are be 95

portrayed i’your face, that men may read i’your  physnomy: ‘Here within this place

is to be seen the true, rare, and accomplished  monster, or miracle, of nature’ –

which is  all one. What think you of this, coz?

STEPHEN

Why, I do think of it, and I will be more proud and melancholy and

gentleman-like than I have been, I’ll ensure you. 100

EDWARD KNOWELL

Why, that’s resolute, Master Stephen. [Aside] Now, if I can

but hold him up to his height, as it is happily begun, it will do well for a

 suburb humour. We may  hap have a match with the city, and  play him for forty

pound. – Come, coz.

STEPHEN

I’ll follow you. 105

EDWARD KNOWELL

Follow me? You must  go before.

STEPHEN

Nay, an I must, I will. Pray you, show me, good cousin.  [Exeunt.]

1.4     [Enter] Master MATTHEW.

MATTHEW

I think this be the house. [He knocks.] What  ho!

 [Enter] COB [as he opens the door].

COB

Who’s there? Oh, Master Matthew! Gi’ Your Worship good morrow.

MATTHEW

What, Cob? How dost thou, good Cob? Dost thou inhabit here, Cob?

COB

Ay, sir, I and my  lineage ha’ kept a poor house here in our days.

MATTHEW.

Thy lineage, Monsieur Cob? What  lineage, what lineage? 5

COB

Why, sir, an ancient lineage and a princely. Mine  ance’try came from a king’s

belly, no worse man; and yet no man neither – by Your Worship’s leave, I did

lie in that – but  Herring, the king of fish (from his belly I proceed), one o’the

monarchs o’the world, I assure you. The first red herring that was broiled in

Adam and Eve’s kitchen do I fetch my pedigree from, by the  harrots’ books. 10

His  cob was my great-great-mighty-great grandfather.

MATTHEW

Why mighty? Why mighty, I pray thee?

COB

Oh, it was a mighty while ago, sir, and a mighty great cob.

MATTHEW

How know’st thou that?

COB

How know I? Why, I smell his ghost ever and anon. 15

MATTHEW

Smell a ghost? Oh, unsavoury jest! And the ghost of a herring cob!

COB

Ay, sir. With favour of Your Worship’s nose,  Master Matthew, why not the

ghost of a herring cob as well as the ghost of  rasher bacon?

MATTHEW

 Roger Bacon, thou wouldst say?

COB

I say rasher bacon. They were both broiled o ’the  coals; and a man may smell 20

broiled meat, I hope? You are a scholar;  upsolve me that, now.

MATTHEW

Oh,  raw ignorance! Cob, canst thou show me of a gentleman, one

Captain Bobadill, where his lodging is?

COB

Oh, my guest, sir, you mean?

MATTHEW

Thy guest? Alas! Ha, ha! 25

COB

Why do you laugh, sir? Do you not mean Captain Bobadill?

MATTHEW

Cob,  pray thee, advise thyself well; do not wrong the gentleman and

thyself too. I dare be sworn he scorns thy house. He! He lodge in such a base,

obscure place as thy house? Tut, I know his disposition so well, he would not

lie in thy bed if thou’dst gi’ it him. 30

COB

I will not give it him, though, sir. Mass, I thought somewhat was in’t; we

could not get him to bed all night. Well, sir, though he lie not o’my bed, he lies

o’my bench; an’t please you to go up, sir, you shall find him with two cushions

under his head and his cloak wrapped about him  as though he had neither

won nor lost. And yet I warrant he ne’er  cast better in his life than he has done 35

tonight.

MATTHEW

Why, was he drunk?

COB

Drunk, sir? You hear not me say so. Perhaps he  swallowed a tavern token or

some such device, sir. I have nothing to do withal; I deal with water and not

with wine. [Calling offstage] Gi’ me my tankard there, ho! – God b’wi’you, sir. 40

It’s six o’clock; I should ha’ carried two turns by this. [Calling offstage] What ho!

My  stopple, come!

MATTHEW

Lie in a waterbearer’s house, a gentleman of his  havings? Well, I’ll

tell him my mind.

 [TIB appears at the door with a tankard and stopple for Cob.]

COB

What, Tib, show this gentleman up to the Captain. 45

 [Exit Matthew with Tib.]

Oh,  an my house were the Brazen Head now! Faith, it would e’en speak,

 ‘Mo fools yet!’ You should ha’ some now would take this Master Matthew to

be a gentleman at the least. His father’s an honest man, a  worshipful fishmonger,

and so forth, and now does he creep and wriggle into acquaintance with

all the  brave gallants about the town, such as my guest is 50

– oh, my guest is a fine man! – and they flout him  invincibly. He useth every day to a merchant’s

house where I serve water, one Master Kitely’s, i’the Old Jewry; and here’s the

jest, he is in love with my master’s sister, Mistress Bridget, and calls her ‘mistress’.

And there  he will sit you a whole afternoon sometimes, reading o’these

same abominable, vile – a pox on ’em, I cannot abide them! – rascally verses, 55

poyetry,  poyetry, and speaking of  interludes; ’twill make a man burst to hear

him. And the wenches, they do so  jeer and tee-hee at him! Well, should they

do so much to me, I’d forswear them all, by the foot of Pharaoh. There’s an

oath! How many waterbearers shall you hear swear such an oath? Oh, I have

a guest, he teaches me, he does swear the  legiblest of any man christened:  ‘By 60

Saint George’, ‘the foot of Pharaoh’, ‘the body of me’, ‘As I  am a gentleman

and a soldier’ – such dainty oaths! And withal he does take this same filthy,

roguish tobacco, the finest and cleanliest. It would do a man good to see the

fume come forth at ’s   tunnels. Well, he owes me forty shillings my wife lent

him out of her purse by sixpence a time, besides his lodging. I would I had it. 65

I shall ha’ it, he says, the next  action.  Helter skelter, hang sorrow, care’ll kill a

cat, uptails all, and a louse for the hangman!  [Exit.]

1.5       BOBADILL is discovered lying on his bench.

BOBADILL

Hostess! Hostess!

 [Enter] TIB.

TIB

What say you, sir?

BOBADILL

A cup o’thy  small beer, sweet hostess.

TIB

Sir, there’s a gentleman below would speak with you.

BOBADILL

A gentleman!  ’Ods so, I am not within. 5

TIB

My husband told him you were, sir.

BOBADILL

What a  plague! What meant he?

MATTHEW

 [Within] Captain Bobadill!

BOBADILL

[Calling] Who’s there? – Take away the   basin, good hostess. – Come

up, sir! 10

TIB

[At the door, calling as though down to Matthew] He would desire you to come

up, sir.

 [Enter] MATTHEW [with a book].

You come into a cleanly house here.

MATTHEW

Save you, sir. Save you, Captain.

BOBADILL

Gentle Master Matthew, is it you, sir? Please you sit down. 15

MATTHEW

 Thank you, good Captain; you may see I am somewhat audacious.

BOBADILL

Not so, sir. I was requested to supper last night by a  sort of gallants,

where you were wished for and drunk to, I assure you.

MATTHEW

Vouchsafe me by whom, good Captain.

BOBADILL

Marry, by young Wellbred and others. – Why, hostess, a stool here 20

for this gentleman.

MATTHEW

No haste, sir, ’tis very well.

BOBADILL

Body of me! It was so late ere we parted last night I can scarce open

my eyes yet; I was but new risen as you came. How passes the day abroad, sir?

You can tell. 25

MATTHEW

Faith, some half hour to seven. Now trust me, you have an exceeding

fine lodging here, very neat and private.

BOBADILL

Ay, sir, sit down, I pray you.  [Exit Tib.]

Master Matthew, in any case possess no gentlemen of our acquaintance with

notice of my lodging. 30

MATTHEW

Who I, sir? No.

BOBADILL

Not that I need to care who know it, for the  cabin is convenient, but

in regard I would not be too popular and generally visited, as some are.

MATTHEW

True, Captain, I conceive you.

BOBADILL

For do you see, sir, by the heart of valour in me, except it be to some 35

 peculiar and choice spirits to whom I am extraordinarily engaged, as yourself

or so, I could not extend thus far.

MATTHEW

Oh, Lord, sir! I  resolve so.

BOBADILL

I confess I love a cleanly and quiet privacy above all the tumult and

roar of fortune. What new book ha’ you there? What,  ‘Go by, Hieronimo!’ 40

MATTHEW

Ay, did you ever see it acted? Is’t not well penned?

BOBADILL

Well penned? I would fain see all the poets of these times pen such

another play as that was! They’ll prate and swagger and keep a stir of art and

devices, when, as I am a gentleman, read ’em, they are the most shallow, pitiful,

barren fellows that live upon the face of the earth  again. 45

MATTHEW

Indeed, here are a number of fine speeches in this book:  ‘O eyes, no

eyes, but fountains fraught with tears!’ There’s a  conceit! ‘Fountains fraught

with tears!’ ‘O life, no life, but lively form of death!’ Another! ‘O world, no

world, but mass of public wrongs!’ A third! ‘Confused and filled with murder

and misdeeds.’ A fourth! O the muses! Is’t not excellent? Is’t not simply the 50

best that ever you heard, Captain? Ha? How do you like it?

BOBADILL

’Tis good.

MATTHEW

[Reciting]  To thee, the purest object to my sense,

The most refinèd essence heaven covers,

Send I these lines, wherein I do commence 55

The happy state of  turtle-billing lovers.

If they prove rough, unpolished, harsh, and rude,

 Haste made the waste – thus mildly I conclude.

  Bobadill is making him ready all this while.

BOBADILL

Nay, proceed, proceed.  Where’s this?

MATTHEW

This, sir? A toy o’mine own in my  nonage, the infancy of my muses. 60

But when will you come and see my study? Good faith, I can show you some

very good things I have done of late. – That boot becomes your leg passing well,

Captain, methinks.

BOBADILL

So, so. It’s the fashion gentlemen now use.

MATTHEW

 Troth, Captain,  and now you speak o’the fashion, Master Wellbred’s 65

elder brother and I are fall’n out exceedingly. This other day I happened to

enter into some discourse of a  hanger, which, I assure you, both for fashion

and workmanship was most  peremptory-beautiful and gentleman-like; yet he

condemned and  cried it down for the most  pied and ridiculous that ever he

saw. 70

BOBADILL

Squire Downright, the half-brother, was’t not?

MATTHEW

Ay, sir, he.

BOBADILL

Hang him,  rook. He! Why, he has no more judgement than a  malt-

horse. By Saint George, I wonder you’d  lose a thought upon such an animal;

the most peremptory, absurd clown of Christendom this day he is  holden. I 75

protest to you, as I am a gentleman and a soldier, I ne’er  changed words with

his like.  By his discourse, he should eat nothing but hay. He was born for the

manger,  pannier, or pack-saddle. He has not so much as a good phrase in his

belly, but all old iron and rusty  proverbs – a good commodity for some smith

to make hobnails of. 80

MATTHEW

Ay, and he thinks to carry it away with his manhood still where he

comes. He brags he will gi’ me the  bastinado, as I hear.

BOBADILL

How? He the bastinado? How came he by that word, trow?

MATTHEW

Nay, indeed, he said ‘cudgel’ me. I termed it so for my more grace.

BOBADILL

That may be, for I was sure it was none of his word. But when? When 85

said he so?

MATTHEW

Faith, yesterday, they say. A young gallant, a friend of mine, told

me so.

BOBADILL

By the foot of Pharaoh, an ’twere my case now, I should send him

a  chartel presently. The bastinado? A most proper and sufficient  dépendence, 90

warranted by the great  Carranza. Come hither. You shall chartel him. I’ll show

you a trick or two you shall kill him with at pleasure: the first  stoccata, if you

will, by this air.

MATTHEW

Indeed, you have absolute knowledge i’the  mystery, I have heard,

sir. 95

BOBADILL

Of whom? Of whom ha’ you heard it, I beseech you?

MATTHEW

Troth, I have heard it spoken of divers that you have very rare and

 un-in-one-breath-utterable skill, sir.

BOBADILL

By heaven, no, not I, no skill i’the earth; some small rudiments i’the

science, as to know my time, distance, or so. I have  professed it more for noblemen 100

and gentlemen’s use than mine own practice, I assure you. [Calling offstage]

Hostess,  accommodate us with another  bedstaff here quickly.

  [Enter TIB.]

Lend us another bedstaff!  [Exit Tib.]

The woman does not understand  the words of action. [He flourishes a bedstaff.] 105

Look you, sir, exalt not your point above this  state at any hand, and let your

poniard maintain your defence thus.

  [TIB returns with another bedstaff.]

Give it the gentleman, and leave us. [She hands the bedstaff to Matthew.]  [Exit Tib.]

So, sir, come on. 110

[They engage in fencing practice.]

Oh, twine your body more about, that you may fall to a more sweet, comely,

gentleman-like guard. [Another pass.] So, indifferent. Hollow your body more,

sir, thus. [He demonstrates.] Now stand fast o’your left leg. Note your distance;

keep your due proportion of time. [Matthew tries it.] Oh, you disorder your

point most irregularly! 115

MATTHEW

[Trying again] How is the bearing of it now, sir?

BOBADILL

Oh, out of measure ill! A well-experienced hand would pass upon

you at pleasure.

MATTHEW

How mean you, sir, ‘pass upon’ me?

BOBADILL

Why, thus, sir, make a thrust at me: come in upon the answer, control 120

your point, and make a full  career at the body. The best-practised gallants

of the time name it the  passada: a most desperate thrust, believe it.

MATTHEW

Well, come, sir.

[They fence again.]

BOBADILL

Why, you do not manage your weapon with any facility or grace to

invite me. I have no spirit to play with you; your dearth of judgement renders 125

you tedious.

MATTHEW

But one  venue, sir.

BOBADILL

Venue’? Fie! Most gross denomination as ever I heard. Oh, the

stoccata, while you live, sir. Note that. Come, put on your cloak, and we’ll go

to some private place where you are acquainted, some tavern or so, and have a 130

 bit. I’ll send for one of these fencers, and he shall  breathe you by my direction,

and then I will teach you your trick. You shall kill him with it at the first, if you

please. Why, I will learn you, by the true judgement of the eye, hand, and foot,

to control any enemy’s point i’the world. Should your adversary confront you

with a pistol, ’twere nothing, by this hand; you should, by the same rule, control 135

his bullet in a line, except it were  hail-shot, and spread. What money ha’

you about you,  Master Matthew?

MATTHEW

Faith, I ha’ not past a two shillings or so.

BOBADILL

’Tis somewhat with the least. But come. We will have a bunch of

  radish and salt to  taste our wine, and a pipe of tobacco to  close the orifice of 140

the stomach, and then we’ll call upon young Wellbred. Perhaps we shall meet

the  Corydon his brother there, and  put him to the question.  [Exeunt.]

2.1   [Enter] KITELY, CASH, [and] DOWNRIGHT.

KITELY

Thomas, come hither.

There lies a note within upon my desk;

Here, take my key. It is no matter, neither.

Where is the boy?

CASH

Within, sir, i’the warehouse.

KITELY

Let him  tell over straight that Spanish gold 5

And weigh it with  th’pieces of eight. Do you

See the delivery of those  silver stuffs

To Master  Lucre. Tell him, if he will,

He shall ha’ the   grograns at the rate I told him,

And I will meet him on  the Exchange anon. 10

CASH

Good, sir.  [Exit.]

KITELY

Do you see that fellow,  brother Downright?

DOWNRIGHT

Ay, what of him?

KITELY

He is a jewel, brother.

I took him  of a child up at my door,

And christened him, gave him mine own name: Thomas; 15

Since  bred him at  the Hospital, where proving

A  toward imp, I called him home and taught him

So much as I have made him my  cashier,

And giv’n him, who had none, a surname: Cash;

And find him in his place so full of faith 20

That I durst trust my life into his hands.

DOWNRIGHT

So would not I in any bastards, brother –

As it is  like he is – although I knew

 Myself his father. But you said  you had somewhat

To tell me, gentle brother. What is’t? What is’t? 25

KITELY

Faith, I am very loath to utter it,

As fearing it may hurt your patience,

But that I know your judgement is of strength

Against  the nearness of affection –

DOWNRIGHT

 What need this  circumstance? Pray you, be direct. 30

KITELY

I will not say how much I do ascribe

Unto your friendship, nor in what regard

I hold your love; but let my past behaviour

And usage of your sister  but  confirm

How well I’ve  been affected to your – 35

DOWNRIGHT

You are too tedious. Come to the matter, the matter.

KITELY

Then, without further ceremony, thus:

My brother Wellbred, sir, I know not how,

Of late is much declined in what he was

And greatly altered in his disposition. 40

When he came first to lodge here in my house,

Ne’er trust me if I were not proud of him.

Methought he bare himself in such a fashion,

So full of  man and sweetness in his  carriage,

And – what was chief – it showed not borrowed in him, 45

But all he did became him as his own,

And seemed as perfect, proper, and  possessed

As breath with life or colour with the blood.

But now his course is so irregular,

So  loose, affected, and deprived of grace, 50

And he himself withal so far fall’n off

From that first place, as scarce no note remains

To tell men’s judgements where he lately stood.

He’s grown a stranger to all due respect,

Forgetful of his friends, and, not content 55

To  stale himself in all societies,

He makes my house here common as a  mart,

A theatre, a public receptacle

For giddy humour and diseasèd riot.

And here, as in a tavern or a stews, 60

He and his wild associates spend their hours

In repetition of lascivious jests,

Swear, leap, drink, dance, and revel night by night,

Control my servants, and indeed what not?

DOWNRIGHT

 ’Sdeynes, I know not what I should say to him i’the whole world! 65

He values me at  a cracked three-farthings, for aught I see.  It will never out o’the

flesh that’s bred i’the bone. I have told him enough, one would think, if that

would serve. But counsel to him is as good as a shoulder of mutton to a sick

horse. Well, he knows what to trust to,   ’fore George. Let him spend, and spend,

and domineer till his heart ache. An he think to be relieved by me when he is 70

got into one o’your city pounds,  the Counters,  he has the wrong sow by the

ear, i’faith, and claps his dish at the wrong man’s door.  I’ll lay my hand o’my

halfpenny ere I part with’t to fetch him out, I’ll assure him.

KITELY

Nay, good brother, let it not trouble you thus.

DOWNRIGHT

’Sdeath, he mads me! I could eat my very  spur-leathers for anger. 75

But why are you so tame? Why do not you speak to him and tell him how he

disquiets your house?

KITELY

Oh, there are divers reasons to dissuade, brother.

But, would yourself vouchsafe to travail in it,

Though but with plain and  easy circumstance, 80

It would both come much better to his sense

And savour less of  stomach or of passion.

You are his elder brother, and that title

Both gives and warrants you authority,

Which, by your presence seconded, must breed 85

A kind of duty in him and regard;

Whereas if I should intimate the least,

It would but add contempt to his neglect,

Heap worse on ill, make up a pile of hatred,

That in the rearing would come tott’ring down 90

And in the ruin bury all our love.

Nay, more than this, brother: if I should speak,

He would be ready  from his heat of humour

And overflowing of the vapour in him

To  blow the ears of his familiars 95

With the false breath of telling what disgraces

And low disparagements I had put upon him;

Whilst they, sir, to  relieve him  in the fable,

Make their loose comments upon every word,

Gesture, or look I use; mock me all over, 100

 From my flat cap unto my shining shoes;

And out of all their impetuous riotous fant’sies

Beget some slander that shall dwell with me.

And what would that be, think you? Marry, this:

They would give out, because my wife is fair, 105

Myself but lately married, and my sister

Here sojourning a virgin in my house,

That I were jealous! Nay, as sure as death,

That they would say; and how that I had  quarrelled

My brother purposely, thereby to find 110

An apt pretext to banish them my house.

DOWNRIGHT

Mass, perhaps so. They’re  like enough to do it.

KITELY

Brother, they would, believe it. So should I,

Like one of these penurious  quacksalvers,

But set the  bills up to mine own disgrace 115

And try experiments upon myself,

Lend scorn and envy opportunity

To stab my reputation and good name –

2.2    [Enter] MATTHEW [and] BOBADILL.

MATTHEW

[To Bobadill] I will speak to him –

BOBADILL

[To Matthew] Speak to him? Away, by the foot of Pharaoh! You shall

not, you shall not do him that grace. [To Kitely] The time of day to you, gentleman

o’the house. Is Master Wellbred stirring?

DOWNRIGHT

How then? What should he do? 5

BOBADILL

[To Kitely] Gentleman of the house, it is  to you. Is he within, sir?

KITELY

He came not to his lodging tonight, sir, I assure you.

DOWNRIGHT

[To Bobadill] Why, do you hear? You!

BOBADILL

The gentleman–citizen hath satisfied me. I’ll talk to no  scavenger.

[He starts to leave.]

DOWNRIGHT

How, ‘scavenger’? Stay, sir, stay! 10 [Exeunt Bobadill and Matthew.]

KITELY

[Restraining him] Nay, brother Downright.

DOWNRIGHT

 Heart! Stand you away, an you love me.

KITELY

 You shall not follow him now, I pray you, brother; good faith, you shall

not. I will overrule you.

DOWNRIGHT

Ha! ‘Scavenger’? Well, go to. I say little, but by this good day – 15

God forgive me I should swear – if I put it up so, say I am the rankest cow

that ever pissed! ’Sdeynes, an I swallow this, I’ll ne’er draw my sword in the

sight of  Fleet Street again while I live. I’ll sit in a barn with  Madge Owlet and

catch mice first. ‘Scavenger’? Heart, and I’ll go near to fill that huge  tumbrel

slop of yours with somewhat, an I have good luck; your   Gargantua breech 20

cannot carry it away so.

KITELY

Oh, do not fret yourself thus! Never think on’t.

DOWNRIGHT

These are my brother’s consorts, these! These are his  cam’rades,

his walking mates! He’s a gallant, a cavaliero too,  right hangman cut! Let me

not live an I could not find in my heart to  swinge the whole  ging of ’em, 25

one after another, and begin with him first. I am grieved it should be said

he is my brother, and take these courses. Well,  as he brews so he shall drink,

  ’fore George, again. Yet he shall hear on’t, and that  tightly too, an I live,

i’faith.

KITELY

But brother, let your  reprehension then 30

Run in an easy current, not o’er-high

Carried with rashness or devouring choler;

But rather use the soft, persuading way,

Whose powers will work more gently, and compose

Th’imperfect thoughts you labour to reclaim, 35

More winning than enforcing the consent.

DOWNRIGHT

Ay, ay, let me alone for that, I warrant you.

  Bell rings.

KITELY

How now? Oh, the bell rings to breakfast.

Brother, I pray you, go in and bear my wife 40

Company till I come. I’ll but give order

For some dispatch of business to my servants – [Exit Downright.]

2.3    [Enter] COB  to them. He passes by with his tankard.

KITELY

 What, Cob? Our maids will have you  by the back, i’faith, for coming so

late this morning.

COB

Perhaps so, sir. Take heed somebody have not them by the  belly for walking

so late in the evening.  [Exit.]

KITELY

Well, yet my troubled spirit’s somewhat eased, 5

Though not reposed in that security

As I could wish. But I must be content.

Howe’er I set a face on’t to the world,

Would I had lost this finger at a  venture,

So Wellbred had ne’er lodged within my house! 10

 Why, ’t cannot be, where there is such resort

Of wanton gallants and young revellers,

That any woman should be honest long.

 Is’t like that  factious beauty will preserve

The  public weal of chastity unshaken 15

 When such strong motives muster and make head

Against her single peace? No, no. Beware

When mutual appetite doth meet to  treat,

 And spirits of one kind and quality

Come once to parley in the pride of  blood; 20

It is no slow conspiracy that follows.

Well, to be plain, if I but thought the time

Had answered their affections, all the world

Should not persuade me but I were a cuckold.

Marry, I hope they ha’ not got that start; 25

For opportunity hath balked ’em yet,

And shall do still, while I have eyes and ears

To attend the  impositions of my heart.

My presence shall be as an iron bar

’Twixt the conspiring  motions of desire; 30

Yea, every look or glance mine eye  ejects

Shall check occasion, as one doth his slave

When he forgets the limits of  prescription.

 [Enter] Dame KITELY [with BRIDGET].

DAME KITELY

Sister Bridget, pray you, fetch down the rose-water above in the 35

closet.  [Exit Bridget.]

[To Kitely] Sweetheart, will you come in to  breakfast?

KITELY

[Aside] An she have overheard me now!

DAME KITELY

I pray thee, good  muss, we stay for you.

KITELY

[Aside] By heaven, I would not for a thousand  angels. 40

DAME KITELY

What ail you, sweetheart? Are you not well? Speak, good muss.

KITELY

Troth, my head aches extremely on a sudden.

DAME KITELY

[Feeling his forehead] Oh, the Lord!

KITELY

How now? What?

DAME KITELY

Alas, how it burns! Muss, keep you warm. Good truth, it is  this 45

new disease; there’s a number are troubled withal. For love’s sake, sweetheart,

come in out of the air.

KITELY

[Aside] How simple and how subtle are her answers!

A new disease, and many troubled with it!

Why, true, she heard me, all the world to nothing. 50

DAME KITELY

I pray thee, good sweetheart, come in. The air will do you

 harm, in troth.

KITELY

[Aside]  ‘The air’!  She has me i’the wind. – Sweetheart, I’ll come to you

presently. ’Twill away, I hope.

DAME KITELY

 Pray heaven it do. 55 [Exit.]

KITELY

A new disease? I know not new or old,

But it may well be called poor mortals’ plague,

For like a pestilence it doth infect

 The houses of the brain. First it begins

Solely to work upon the fantasy, 60

Filling her seat with such pestiferous air

As soon corrupts the judgement; and from thence

Sends like contagion to the memory,

Still each to other giving the infection,

Which, as a subtle vapour, spreads itself 65

Confusedly through every  sensive part

Till not a thought or motion in the mind

Be free from the black poison of  suspect.

Ah, but what  misery is it to know this,

Or, knowing it,  to want the mind’s erection 70

In such extremes! Well, I will once more strive,

In spite of this black cloud, myself to be,

And shake the fever off that thus shakes me.  [Exit.]

2.4     [Enter] BRAINWORM [disguised as a wounded veteran].

BRAINWORM

’Slid, I cannot choose but laugh to see myself translated thus,

from a poor creature to a creator; for now must I create an intolerable sort of

lies, or my present profession  loses  the grace. And yet  the lie to a man of my

coat is as ominous a  fruit as the fico. Oh, sir, it holds for good  polity ever, to have

that outwardly in vilest estimation that inwardly is most dear to us. So much 5

for my borrowed shape. Well, the  truth is my old master intends to follow

 my young,  dryfoot, over Moorfields to London this morning. Now I, knowing

of this hunting match, or rather  conspiracy, and to insinuate with my young

master – for so must we that are  blue-waiters and men  of hope and service do,

or perhaps we may  wear motley at the year’s end, and who wears motley you 10

know – have got me afore in this disguise, determining here to lie in ambuscado

and intercept him in the midway. If I can but get his cloak, his purse, his hat –

nay, anything – to  cut him off, that is, to stay his journey, ‘ Veni, vidi, vici’, I may

say with Captain Caesar; I am made for ever, i’faith. Well, now must I practise

to get the true garb of one of these  lance-knights. [He adopts a military posture.] 15

My arm here, and my – young master! And his cousin,  Master Stephen, as I am

true counterfeit man of war and no soldier!

[Brainworm stands aside.]

 [Enter] EDWARD KNOWELL [and] Master STEPHEN.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Stephen] So, sir, and how then, coz?

STEPHEN

 ’Sfoot, I have lost my purse, I think.

EDWARD KNOWELL

How, lost your purse? Where? When had you it? 20

STEPHEN

I cannot tell. – Stay!

BRAINWORM

[Aside] ’Slid, I am afeard they will know me. Would I could get by

them!

EDWARD KNOWELL

What, ha’ you it?

STEPHEN

No, I think I was bewitched, I – 25

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, do not weep the loss. Hang it, let it go.

STEPHEN

[Finding the purse] Oh, it’s here. No, an it had been lost, I had not cared,

but for a  jet ring Mistress Mary sent me.

EDWARD KNOWELL

A jet ring? Oh, the   posy, the posy?

STEPHEN

 Fine, i’faith: 30

Though fancy sleep,

My love is deep –

meaning that though I did not fancy her, yet she loved me dearly.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Most excellent!

STEPHEN

 And then I sent her another, and my  posy was 35

 The deeper the sweeter,

I’ll be judged, by Saint Peter.

EDWARD KNOWELL

How, ‘by Saint Peter’? I do not conceive that.

STEPHEN

Marry, ‘Saint Peter’ to make up the  metre.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Well, there the saint was your good patron;  he helped you 40

at your need. Thank him, thank him.

  He [Brainworm] is come back.

BRAINWORM

[Aside] I cannot take leave on ’em so; I will venture, come what

will. – Gentlemen, please you change a few crowns for a very excellent good

blade here? I am a poor gentleman, a soldier, one that in the better state of my

fortunes scorned so mean a refuge, but now it is the humour of necessity to 45

have it so. You seem to be gentlemen well affected to martial men, else I should

rather die with silence than live with shame. However, vouchsafe to remember

it is my want speaks, not myself. This condition agrees not with my spirit –

EDWARD KNOWELL

Where hast thou served?

BRAINWORM

May it please you, sir, in all  the late wars of Bohemia, Hungaria, 50

Dalmatia, Poland – where not, sir? I have been a poor servitor by sea and land

any time this fourteen years, and followed the fortunes of the best commanders

in Christendom. I was twice shot at the taking of  Aleppo, once at the relief

of  Vienna. I have been at  Marseilles, Naples, and the Adriatic Gulf, a gentleman

slave in the galleys thrice, where I was most dangerously shot in the head, 55

through both the thighs; and yet, being thus maimed, I am void of maintenance,

nothing left me but my scars, the noted marks of my resolution.

STEPHEN

[Examining Brainworm’s sword] How will you sell this rapier, friend?

BRAINWORM

Generous sir, I refer it to your own judgement. You are a

gentleman; give me what you please. 60

STEPHEN

True, I am a gentleman, I know  that, friend. But what though? I pray

you say, what would you ask?

BRAINWORM

I assure you, the blade may become the side or thigh of the best

prince in Europe.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Ay, with a velvet scabbard, I think. 65

STEPHEN

Nay, an’t be mine it shall have a velvet scabbard, coz, that’s flat. I’d

not wear it as ’tis an you would give me an  angel.

BRAINWORM

At Your Worship’s pleasure, sir. Nay, ’tis a most pure  Toledo.

STEPHEN

I had rather it were a  Spaniard. But tell me, what shall I give you for

it? An it had a silver hilt – 70

EDWARD KNOWELL

Come, come, you shall not buy it. [To Brainworm, offering him a coin]

Hold, there’s a shilling, fellow. Take thy rapier.

STEPHEN

Why, but I will buy it now because you say so. [To Brainworm] And

there’s another shilling, fellow. I scorn to be outbidden. What, shall I walk

with a cudgel, like  Higginbottom, and may have a rapier for money? 75

EDWARD KNOWELL

You may buy one in the city.

STEPHEN

Tut, I’ll buy this i’the field, so I will; I have a mind to’t, because ’tis a

 field rapier. – Tell me your lowest price.

EDWARD KNOWELL

You shall not buy it, I say.

STEPHEN

By this money, but I will, though I give more than ’tis worth. 80

EDWARD KNOWELL

Come away. You are a fool.

STEPHEN

Friend, I am a fool, that’s granted; but I’ll have it for that word’s sake.

[To Brainworm] Follow me for your money.

BRAINWORM

At your service, sir.  [Exeunt.]

2.5    [Enter] KNOWELL.

KNOWELL

I cannot   lose the thought yet of this letter

Sent to my son, nor  leave t’admire the change

Of manners and the breeding of our youth

Within the kingdom since myself was one.

When I was young,  he lived not in the stews 5

Durst have conceived a scorn and uttered it

On a grey head; age was  authority

Against a   buffoon, and a man had then

A certain reverence paid unto his years

That  had none due unto his life – so much 10

The sanctity of some prevailed for others.

 But now we all are fall’n:  youth from their fear,

And age from that which bred it, good example.

Nay,  would ourselves were not the first, even parents

That did destroy the hopes in our own children, 15

 Or they not learned our vices in their cradles

And sucked in our ill customs with their milk.

Ere all their teeth be born, or they can speak,

We make their palates  cunning. The first words

We form their tongues with are licentious jests. 20

Can it call ‘whore’? Cry ‘bastard’? Oh, then, kiss  it;

A witty child! Can ’t swear? The father’s   darling!

Give it two  plums. Nay, rather than ’t shall learn

No bawdy song, the  mother herself will teach it.

But this is in the infancy, the days 25

Of the  long coat;  when it puts on the breeches

It will put off all this. Ay, it is  like,

 When it is gone into the bone already.

No, no, this dye does deeper than the coat,

Or shirt, or skin. It stains unto the  liver, 30

 And heart in some. And, rather than it should not,

Note what we fathers do: look how we live,

What mistresses we keep, at what expense

In our sons’ eyes, where they may  handle our gifts,

Hear our lascivious courtships, see our dalliance, 35

 Taste of the same provoking meats with us,

To ruin of our  states! Nay, when our own

 Portion is fled, to prey on  their remainder

We call  them into fellowship of vice,

Bait ’em with the young chambermaid, to  seal, 40

And teach ’em all bad ways, to buy   affliction.

 This is one path; but there are millions more

In which we spoil our own with leading them.

Well, I thank heaven I never yet was he

That   travelled with my son, before sixteen, 45

To show him the  Venetian courtesans,

 Nor read the grammar of cheating I had made

To my sharp boy at twelve, repeating still

The rule: ‘Get money,  still  get money, boy,

No matter by what means; money will do 50

More, boy, than my lord’s  letter.’ Neither have I

 Dressed snails or mushrooms  curiously before him,

 Perfumed my sauces, and taught him to make ’em,

Preceding still with my  grey gluttony

At all the  ordinaries, and only feared 55

His palate should degenerate, not his manners.

These are the  trade of fathers now. However,

My son, I hope, hath met within my threshold

None of these household precedents, which are strong

And swift to  rape youth to  their precipice. 60

But, let the house at home be ne’er so clean-

Swept, or kept sweet from filth – nay, dust and cobwebs –

If he will live  abroad with his companions

In dung and  laystalls, it is worth a fear;

Nor is the danger of  conversing less 65

Than all that I have mentioned  of example.

 [Enter] BRAINWORM [disguised still as a soldier].

BRAINWORM

[Aside] My master! Nay, faith, have at you. I am  fleshed now, I have

sped so well. – Worshipful sir, I beseech you, respect the estate of a poor

soldier. I am ashamed of this base course of life, God’s my comfort, but extremity

provokes me to’t. What remedy? 70

KNOWELL

I have not for you now.

BRAINWORM

By the faith I bear unto truth, gentleman, it is no ordinary custom

in me, but only to preserve manhood. I protest to you, a man I have been,

a man I may be, by your sweet bounty.

KNOWELL

 Pray thee, good friend, be satisfied. 75

BRAINWORM

Good sir, by that hand, you may do the part of a kind gentleman

in lending a poor soldier  the price of two cans of beer, a matter of small value.

The King of Heaven shall pay you, and I shall rest  thankful. Sweet Worship –

KNOWELL

Nay, an you be so importunate –

BRAINWORM

Oh, tender sir, need will have his course. I was not made to this 80

vile use. Well, the edge of the enemy could not have abated me so much.

It’s hard when a man hath served in his prince’s cause and be thus –

 (He weeps.) Honourable Worship, let me  derive a small piece of silver from you;  it

shall not be given in the course of time.  By this good ground, I was fain to pawn

my rapier last night for a poor supper;  I had sucked the hilts long before, I am 85

a pagan else, sweet Honour.

KNOWELL

Believe me, I am taken with some wonder

To think a fellow of thy outward presence

Should, in the frame and fashion of his mind,

Be so degenerate and sordid-base. 90

Art thou a man? And sham’st thou not to beg?

To practise such a servile kind of life?

Why, were thy education ne’er so mean,

Having thy limbs, a thousand fairer courses

Offer themselves to thy election. 95

Either the wars might still supply thy wants,

Or service of some virtuous gentleman,

Or honest labour. Nay, what can I name

But would become thee better than to beg?

But men of thy condition feed on sloth, 100

As doth the  beetle on the dung she breeds in,

Not caring how the   mettle of your minds

Is eaten with the rust of idleness.

Now,  afore me, whate’er he be that should

Relieve a person of thy quality, 105

While thou   insists in this loose, desperate course,

I would esteem the sin not thine, but his.

BRAINWORM

Faith, sir, I would gladly find some other course, if so –

KNOWELL

Ay, you’d gladly find it, but you will not seek it.

BRAINWORM

Alas, sir, where should a man seek? In the wars there’s no ascent 110

by desert in these days, but – and for service, would it were as soon purchased

as wished for,  the air’s my comfort; I know what I would say –

KNOWELL

What’s thy name?

BRAINWORM

Please you,  Fitzsword, sir.

KNOWELL

Fitzsword? 115

Say that a man should entertain thee now;

Wouldst thou be honest, humble, just, and true?

BRAINWORM

Sir, by the place and honour of a soldier –

KNOWELL

Nay, nay, I like not  those affected oaths.

Speak plainly, man: what think’st thou of my words? 120

BRAINWORM

Nothing, sir, but wish my fortunes were as happy as my service

should be honest.

KNOWELL

Well, follow me. I’ll prove thee, if thy deeds

Will carry a proportion to thy words.

BRAINWORM

Yes, sir, straight. I’ll but garter my hose. 125 [Exit Knowell.]

Oh, that my belly were hooped now! For I am ready to burst with laughing.

 Never was bottle or bagpipe fuller. ’Slid, was there ever seen a fox in years to

betray himself thus? Now shall I be possessed of all his counsels, and, by that

 conduit, my young master. Well, he is resolved to prove my honesty; faith, and

I am resolved to prove his patience. Oh, I shall abuse him intolerably! This 130

small piece of  service will bring him clean out of love with the soldier for ever.

He will never come within the sign of it, the sight of a  cassock or a  musket-rest,

again. He will hate the  musters at Mile End for it to his dying day. It’s no

matter. Let the world think me a bad counterfeit if I cannot  give him the slip

at an instant. Why, this is better than to have stayed his journey. Well, I’ll follow 135

him. Oh, how I long to be employed! [Exit.]

3.1     [Enter] MATTHEW, WELLBRED, [and] BOBADILL.

MATTHEW

[To Wellbred] Yes, faith, sir, we were at your lodging to seek you too.

WELLBRED

Oh, I came not there  tonight.

BOBADILL

Your brother delivered us as much.

WELLBRED

Who, my brother Downright?

BOBADILL

He. Master Wellbred, I know not in what kind you hold me, but let 5

me say to you this: as sure as honour, I esteem it so much  out of the sunshine

of reputation to  throw the least beam of regard upon such a –

WELLBRED

Sir, I must hear no ill words of my brother.

BOBADILL

I  protest to you, as I have  a thing to be saved about me, I never saw

any gentleman-like part – 10

WELLBRED

Good Captain,  faces about: to some other discourse.

BOBADILL

With your leave, sir, an there were no more men living upon the face

of the earth, I should not fancy him, by Saint George.

MATTHEW

Troth, nor I. He is of a rustical cut – I know not how. He doth not

carry himself like a gentleman of  fashion. 15

WELLBRED

Oh, Master Matthew, that’s a grace peculiar but to a few:  quos aequus

amavit Jupiter.

MATTHEW

I understand you, sir.

 Young KNOWELL enters [with] STEPHEN.

WELLBRED

No question you do or you do not, sir. – Ned Knowell! By my soul,

welcome! How dost thou, sweet spirit, my genius? ’Slid, I shall love Apollo and 20

 the mad Thespian girls the better while I live, for this. My dear  fury, now I see

there’s some love in thee. [Wellbred and Edward Knowell converse privately between themselves.]

Sirrah, these be the two [Indicating Bobadill and Matthew] I writ to

thee of. Nay, what a drowsy humour is this now? Why dost thou not speak?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, you are a fine gallant! You sent me a rare letter. 25

WELLBRED

Why, was’t not rare?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Yes, I’ll be sworn I was ne’er guilty of reading the like;

match it in all  Pliny or Symmachus’ epistles, and I’ll have my judgement

 burned in the ear for a rogue. Make much of thy vein, for it is inimitable. But

I  mar’l what  camel it was that had the carriage of it? For doubtless he was 30

no ordinary beast that brought it.

WELLBRED

Why?

EDWARD KNOWELL

‘Why?’ sayest thou?  Why, dost thou think that any reasonable

creature, especially in the morning – the sober time of the day too – could

have mista’en my father for me? 35

WELLBRED

’Slid, you jest, I hope.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Indeed, the best use we can turn it to is to make a jest on’t

now. But I’ll assure you, my father had the full view o’your flourishing style

some hour before I saw it.

WELLBRED

What a dull slave was this! But sirrah, what said he to it, i’faith? 40

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, I know not what he said; but I have a shrewd guess

what he thought.

WELLBRED

What? What?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Marry, that thou art some strange, dissolute young fellow,

and I a grain or two better for keeping thee company. 45

WELLBRED

Tut, that thought is like the moon in her last quarter; ’twill change

shortly. But, sirrah, I pray thee be acquainted with my two  hang-bys here.

Thou wilt take exceeding pleasure in ’em if thou hear’st ’em once go: my  wind-

instruments. I’ll wind ’em up. But [Gesturing towards Stephen] what strange

piece of silence is this?  The sign of the Dumb Man? 50

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, sir, a kinsman of mine, one that may make   your music

the fuller, an he please. He has his humour, sir.

WELLBRED

Oh, what is’t? What is’t?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, I’ll neither do your judgement nor his folly that

wrong as to prepare your apprehension; I’ll leave him to the mercy o’your 55

search. If you can take him, so.

[Wellbred and Edward Knowell join the others.]

WELLBRED

Well, Captain Bobadill, Master Matthew, pray you, know this gentleman

here; he is a friend of mine and one that will deserve your affection.

 (To Master Stephen) I know not your name, sir, but I shall be glad of any occasion

to render me more familiar to  you. 60

STEPHEN

My name is Master Stephen, sir. I am this gentleman’s own cousin,

sir; his father is mine uncle, sir. I am somewhat melancholy, but you shall command

me, sir, in whatsoever is incident to a gentleman.

BOBADILL

 (To [Edward] Knowell) Sir, I must tell you this: I am no general man.

But for Master Wellbred’s sake – you may embrace it at what height of favour 65

you please – I do communicate with you, and conceive you to be a gentleman

of some parts. I love few words.

EDWARD KNOWELL

 And I fewer, sir. I have scarce  enough to thank you.

MATTHEW

 (To Master Stephen) But are you  indeed, sir, so given to it?

STEPHEN

Ay, truly, sir, I am mightily given to melancholy. 70

MATTHEW

Oh, it’s your only fine humour, sir. Your true melancholy breeds

your perfect fine wit, sir. I am melancholy myself divers times, sir, and then

do I no more but take pen and paper presently, and overflow you half a score

or a dozen of sonnets at a sitting.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred]  Sure, he  utters them, then,  by the gross. 75

STEPHEN

[To Matthew] Truly, sir, and I love such things  out of measure.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] I’faith, better than in measure, I’ll

undertake.

MATTHEW

[To Stephen] Why, I pray you, sir, make use of my study. It’s at your

service. 80

STEPHEN

I thank you, sir; I shall be bold, I warrant you. Have you a  stool there,

to be  melancholy upon?

MATTHEW

That I have, sir, and some papers there of mine own doing at idle

hours, that you’ll say there’s some sparks of wit in ’em when you see them.

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Would the sparks would kindle once and 85

become a fire amongst ’em, I might see  self-love burned for her heresy!

STEPHEN

[To Edward Knowell] Cousin, is it well? Am I melancholy enough?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, ay, excellent.

WELLBRED

Captain Bobadill, why muse you so?

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] He is melancholy too. 90

BOBADILL

Faith, sir, I was thinking of a most honourable piece of service was

 performed, tomorrow being  Saint Mark’s day, shall be some ten years now.

EDWARD KNOWELL

In what place, Captain?

BOBADILL

Why, at the beleag’ring of  Strigonium, where, in less than two

hours, seven hundred resolute gentlemen as any were in Europe lost their 95

lives upon the breach. I’ll tell you, gentlemen, it was the first but the best

 leaguer that ever I beheld with these eyes, except  the taking in of – what do you

call it? – last year by the Genoese; but that of all other was the most fatal and

dangerous exploit that ever I was ranged in since I first bore arms before the

face of the enemy, as I am a gentleman and soldier. 100

STEPHEN

[Aside]  ’So, I had as lief as an angel I could swear as well as that

gentleman!

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Bobadill] Then you were a servitor at both, it seems: at

Strigonium and What-do-you-call’t?

BOBADILL

Oh, Lord, sir! By Saint George, I was the first man that entered the 105

breach, and, had I not effected it with resolution, I had been slain if I had had

a million of lives.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside]  ’Twas pity you had not ten: a cat’s and your own,

i’faith. – But was it possible?

MATTHEW

[To Stephen]  Pray you, mark this discourse, sir. 110

STEPHEN

So I do.

BOBADILL

I assure you, upon my reputation, ’tis true, and yourself shall

confess.

EDWARD KNOWELL

You must bring  me to the rack first.

BOBADILL

Observe me judicially, sweet sir: they had planted me three   demi- 115

culverins just in the mouth of the breach. Now, sir, as we were to  give on, their

master gunner – a man of no mean skill and  mark, you must think – confronts

me with his  linstock ready to give fire. I, spying his intendment, discharged my

  petronel in his bosom, and with these  single arms [Indicating his weapon], my

poor rapier, ran violently upon the Moors that guarded the  ordnance and put 120

’em pell-mell to the sword.

WELLBRED

To the sword? To the rapier, Captain.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Wellbred] Oh, it was a good  figure observed, sir. – But

did you all this, Captain, without hurting your  blade?

BOBADILL

Without any  impeach o’the earth. You shall perceive, sir. It is the 125

most fortunate weapon that ever rid on poor gentleman’s thigh. Shall I tell

you, sir? You talk of  Morglay, Excalibur, Durindana, or so; tut, I lend no credit

to that is  fabled of ’em. I know the virtue of mine own, and therefore I dare

the boldlier maintain it.

STEPHEN

I mar’l whether it be a Toledo or no? 130

BOBADILL

A most perfect Toledo, I assure you, sir.

STEPHEN

I have a countryman of his here.

MATTHEW

Pray you, let’s see, sir. [Examining Stephen’s weapon] Yes, faith, it is!

BOBADILL

This a Toledo? Pish!

STEPHEN

Why do you ‘pish’, Captain? 135

BOBADILL

A Fleming, by heaven. I’ll buy them for a  guilder apiece,  an I would

have a thousand of them.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Stephen] How say you, cousin? I told you thus much. 

WELLBRED

Where bought you it, Master Stephen?

STEPHEN

Of a scurvy rogue soldier, a hundred of lice go with him! He swore it 140

was a Toledo.

BOBADILL

A poor  provant rapier, no better.

MATTHEW

Mass, I think it be, indeed, now I look on’t better.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, the longer you look on’t, the worse. [To Stephen] Put

it up, put it up. 145

STEPHEN

Well, I  will put it up, but, by – I ha’ forgot the Captain’s oath; I

thought to ha’ sworn by it – an ere I meet him –

WELLBRED

Oh, it is past help now, sir. You must have patience.

STEPHEN

Whoreson, coney-catching rascal! I could eat the very hilts for anger!

EDWARD KNOWELL

A sign of good digestion! You have an ostrich stomach, 150

cousin.

STEPHEN

A stomach? Would I had him here! You should see an I had a stomach.

WELLBRED

It’s better as ’tis. – Come, gentlemen, shall we go?

3.2    [Enter  ] BRAINWORM [in his soldier’s disguise].

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Stephen] A miracle, cousin. Look here! Look here!

STEPHEN

[To Brainworm] Oh, God’s lid, by your leave, do you know me, sir?

BRAINWORM

Ay, sir. I know you by sight.

STEPHEN

You sold me a rapier, did you not?

BRAINWORM

Yes, marry, did I, sir. 5

STEPHEN

You said it was a Toledo, ha?

BRAINWORM

True, I did so.

STEPHEN

But it is none?

BRAINWORM

No, sir, I confess it, it is none.

STEPHEN

Do you confess it? – Gentlemen, bear witness he has confessed it. – 10

By  God’s will, an you had not confessed it –

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, cousin, forbear, forbear.

STEPHEN

Nay, I have done, cousin.

WELLBRED

Why, you have done like a gentleman. He has confessed it; what

would you more? 15

STEPHEN

Yet, by his leave, he is a rascal –  under his favour, do you see?

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] Ay, ‘by his leave, he is,’ and ‘under

favour’ – a pretty piece of civility! Sirrah, how dost thou like him?

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Oh, it’s a most precious fool! Make much

on him. I can compare him to nothing more happily than  a drum, for everyone 20

may play upon him.

EDWARD KNOWELL

No, no, a child’s whistle were far the fitter.

BRAINWORM

[To Edward Knowell] Sir, shall I entreat a word with you?

EDWARD KNOWELL

With me, sir? You have not another Toledo to sell, ha’ you?

BRAINWORM

You are  conceited, sir. [They converse privately.] Your name is Master 25

Knowell, as I take it?

EDWARD KNOWELL

You  are i’the right. You mean not to proceed in the catechism,

do you?

BRAINWORM

No, sir, I am  none of that coat.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Of as  bare a coat,  though. Well, say, sir. 30

BRAINWORM

Faith, sir, I am but servant to  the drum extraordinary, and

indeed – this smoky varnish being washed off and three or four patches

removed – I appear Your Worship’s in reversion, after the decease of your good

father – Brainworm!

[He gives Edward Knowell a glimpse of his identity.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

Brainworm! ’Slight, what breath of a conjurer hath 35

blown thee hither in this  shape?

BRAINWORM

The breath o’your letter, sir, this morning – the same that blew

you to  the Windmill and your father after you.

EDWARD KNOWELL

My father?

BRAINWORM

Nay, never start, ’tis true. He has followed you over the fields, by 40

the  foot, as you would do a hare i’the snow.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Inviting Wellbred to join them] Sirrah Wellbred, what shall

we do, sirrah? My father is come over after me.

WELLBRED

Thy father? Where is he?

BRAINWORM

At Justice Clement’s house  here, in  Coleman Street, where he but 45

stays my return, and then –

WELLBRED

Who’s this? Brainworm?

BRAINWORM

The same, sir.

WELLBRED

Why, how i’the name of wit com’st thou transmuted thus?

BRAINWORM

Faith, a device, a device. Nay, for the love of reason, gentlemen, 50

and avoiding the danger, stand not here! Withdraw, and I’ll tell you all.

EDWARD KNOWELL

But art thou sure he will stay thy return?

BRAINWORM

Do I live, sir? What a question is that?

WELLBRED

We’ll  prorogue his expectation, then, a little. Brainworm, thou

shalt go with us. [He calls to the others] Come on, gentlemen. [To Edward Knowell] 55

Nay, I pray thee, sweet Ned, droop not; ’heart, an our wits be so wretchedly

dull that one old, plodding brain can outstrip us all, would we were e’en

 pressed to make  porters of, and serve out the remnant of our days in Thames

Street or at Custom House  quay, in a civil war against the carmen.

BRAINWORM

Amen, amen, amen, say I! 60 [Exeunt.]

3.3    [Enter] KITELY [and] CASH.

KITELY

What says  he, Thomas? Did you speak with him?

CASH

He will expect you, sir, within this half hour.

KITELY

Has he the money ready, can you tell?

CASH

Yes, sir. The money was brought in last night.

KITELY

Oh, that’s well. Fetch me my cloak, my cloak. 5 [Exit Cash.]

Stay, let me see: an hour to go and come,

Ay, that will be the least; and then ’twill be

An hour before I can dispatch with him,

Or very near. Well, I will say two hours.

Two hours? Ha? Things never dreamt of yet 10

May be contrived, ay, and effected too,

In two hours’ absence. Well, I will not go.

Two hours. No, fleering  Opportunity,

I will not give your subtlety that scope.

Who will not judge him worthy to be robbed 15

That sets his doors wide open to a thief

And shows the felon where his treasure lies?

Again, what earthy spirit but will attempt

 To  taste the fruit of beauty’s golden tree

When leaden sleep   seels up the dragon’s eyes? 20

I will not go. Business, go by for once.

No, Beauty, no: you are of too good  caract

To be left so, without a guard, or open.

Your lustre too’ll inflame at any distance,

Draw courtship to you  as a jet doth straws, 25

Put motion in a stone, strike fire from ice,

Nay,  make a porter leap you with his burden!

You must be then  kept up,  close and well-watched,

For, give you opportunity, no quicksand

Devours or swallows swifter. He that lends 30

His wife, if she be fair,  or time or place,

Compels her to be false. I will not go;

The dangers are  too many. And then  the dressing

Is a most  main attractive!  Our great heads

Within the city never were in safety 35

Since our wives wore these  little caps. I’ll change ’em,

I’ll change ’em straight,  in mine. Mine shall no more

Wear  three-piled acorns, to make my  horns ache.

Nor will I go. I am resolved for that.

 [Enter CASH with Kitely’s cloak.]

 Carry in my cloak again. Yet stay! Yet do, too! 40

I will defer going  on all occasions.

CASH

Sir, Snare, your  scrivener, will be there with th’bonds.

KITELY

That’s true. Fool on me! I had clean forgot it;

I must go. What’s o’clock?

CASH

 Exchange time, sir.

KITELY

[Aside] Heart, then will Wellbred presently be here too, 45

With one or other of his loose consorts.

I am a knave if I know what to say,

What course to take, or which way to resolve.

My brain, methinks, is like an  hourglass,

Wherein  my imaginations run like sands, 50

Filling up time, but then are turned and turned,

So that I know not what to  stay upon,

 And less, to put in act. It shall be so.

Nay, I dare build upon his secrecy;

He  knows not to deceive me. – Thomas!

CASH

Sir? 55

KITELY

[Aside] Yet, now I have bethought me, too, I will not. –

Thomas, is Cob within?

CASH

I think he be, sir.

KITELY

[Aside] But he’ll prate too;  there’s no speech of him.

No, there were no man o’the earth  to Thomas,

If I durst trust him; there is all the doubt. 60

 But should he have a chink in him, I were gone,

Lost i’my  fame for ever,  talk for th’Exchange.

The manner he hath  stood with till  this present

Doth promise no such change. What should I fear, then?

Well, come what will, I’ll tempt my fortune once. – 65

 Thomas – you may deceive me, but I hope –

Your love to me is more –

CASH

Sir, if a servant’s

Duty with faith may be called love, you are

More than in hope; you are possessed of it.

KITELY

I thank you heartily, Thomas; gi’ me your hand; 70

With all my heart, good Thomas. I have, Thomas,

A secret to impart unto you – but

When once you have it, I must seal your lips up.

So far I tell you, Thomas.

CASH

Sir, for that –

KITELY

Nay, hear me out. Think I esteem you, Thomas, 75

When I will let you in thus to my private.

It is a thing sits nearer to my  crest

Than thou art ware of, Thomas. If thou shouldst

Reveal it, but –

CASH

How, I reveal it?

KITELY

Nay,

I do not think thou wouldst, but if thou shouldst, 80

’Twere a great weakness.

CASH

A great treachery!

Give it no other name.

KITELY

Thou will not do’t, then?

CASH

Sir, if I do, mankind disclaim me ever.

KITELY

[Aside] He will not swear. He has some reservation,

Some  concealed purpose and close meaning, sure; 85

Else, being urged so much, how should he choose

But lend an oath to all this protestation?

 He’s no precisian, that I am certain of,

Nor rigid Roman Catholic. He’ll play

At  fayles and tick-tack; I have heard him swear. 90

What should I think of it? Urge him again,

And by some other way? I will do so. –

Well, Thomas, thou hast sworn not to disclose.

Yes, you did swear?

CASH

Not yet, sir, but I will,

Please you –

KITELY

No, Thomas, I dare take thy word. 95

But if thou wilt swear, do as thou think’st good;

 I am resolved without it; at thy pleasure.

CASH

By my soul’s safety, then, sir, I  protest,

My tongue shall ne’er take knowledge of a word

Delivered me in nature of your trust. 100

KITELY

It’s too much; these ceremonies need not.

I know thy faith to be as firm as rock.

Thomas, come hither,  near; we cannot be

Too private in this business. So it is –

[Aside]  Now he has sworn, I dare the safelier  venture – 105

I have of late by divers observations –

[Aside] But whether his oath can bind him, yea or  no,

Being not taken lawfully? Ha?  Say you?

I will ask counsel ere I do proceed. –

Thomas, it will be now too long to stay; 110

I’ll spy some fitter time soon, or tomorrow.

CASH

Sir, at your pleasure.

KITELY

I will think; and, Thomas,

I pray you, search the books ’gainst my return,

For the receipts ’twixt me and Traps.

CASH

I will, sir.

KITELY

And hear you: if your mistress’ brother Wellbred 115

Chance to bring hither any gentlemen

Ere I come back, let one straight bring me word.

CASH

Very well, sir.

KITELY

To the Exchange, do you hear?

Or  here in Coleman Street, to Justice Clement’s.

Forget it not, nor be not out of the way. 120

CASH

I will not, sir.

KITELY

I pray you have a care on’t.

Or whether he come or no, if any other,

Stranger or else, fail not to send me word.

CASH

I shall not, sir.

KITELY

Be’t your special business,

Now, to remember it.

CASH

Sir, I warrant you. 125

KITELY

But Thomas, this is not the secret, Thomas,

I told you of.

CASH

No, sir, I do suppose it.

KITELY

Believe me, it is not.

CASH

Sir, I do believe you.

KITELY

By heaven, it is not; that’s enough. But Thomas,

I would not you should utter it, do you see, 130

To any creature living; yet I care not.

Well, I must hence. Thomas, conceive thus much:

It was a trial of you when I  meant

So deep a secret to you. I mean not this,

But that I have to tell you; this is nothing, this. 135

But, Thomas, keep this from my wife, I charge you,

Locked up in silence, midnight, buried  here.

[Aside] No greater hell than to be slave to fear.  [Exit].

CASH

‘Locked up in silence, midnight, buried here’?

Whence should this flood of passion, trow,  take head? Ha? 140

Best dream no longer of this running humour,

For fear I sink! The violence of the stream

Already hath transported me so far

That I can feel no ground at all. But soft –

Oh, ’tis our waterbearer.  Somewhat has crossed him now. 145

3.4    [Enter ] COB [unaware at first of Cash].

COB

 Fasting days? What tell you me of fasting days? ’Slid, would they were all

on a light fire for me! They say the whole world shall be consumed with fire

one day, but would I had these  Ember weeks and villainous Fridays burnt in

the meantime, and then –

CASH

Why, how now, Cob, what moves thee to this  choler, ha? 5

COB

Collar, Master Thomas? I scorn your collar. I, sir, I am none o’your cart-

horse, though I carry and  draw water. An you offer to ride me with your collar,

or  halter either, I may hap show you a  jade’s trick, sir.

CASH

Oh, you’ll slip your head out of the collar? Why,  goodman Cob, you

mistake me. 10

COB

Nay, I have my  rheum, and I can be angry as well as another, sir.

CASH

Thy rheum, Cob? Thy humour, thy humour; thou mistak’st.

COB

‘Humour’?  Mack, I think it be so, indeed. What is that ‘humour’? Some rare

thing, I warrant.

CASH

Marry, I’ll tell thee, Cob: it is a gentleman-like monster bred in the special 15

gallantry of our time by affectation, and fed by folly.

COB

How? Must it be fed?

CASH

Oh, ay, humour is nothing if it be not fed. Didst thou never hear that? It’s

a common phrase, ‘Feed my humour.’

COB

I’ll none on it. Humour,  avaunt! I know you not; be gone.  Let who will make 20

hungry meals for your monstership; it shall not be I. Feed you,  quoth he? ’Slid,

I ha’ much ado to feed myself, especially on these lean rascally days too. An’t

had been any other day but a fasting day – a plague on them all, for me! By

this light, one might have done the commonwealth good service and have

drowned them all i’the  flood two or three hundred thousand years ago. Oh, 25

I do  stomach them hugely! I have a maw, now, an ’twere for  Sir Bevis his horse,

 against ’em.

CASH

I pray thee, good Cob, what makes thee so out of love with fasting days?

COB

Marry, that which will make any man out of love with ’em, I think: their

bad conditions, an you will needs know. First, they are of a  Flemish breed, 30

I am sure on’t, for they raven up more butter than all the days of the week

beside. Next, they stink of fish and  leek porridge miserably. Thirdly, they’ll

keep a man devoutly hungry all day, and at night send him supperless to bed.

CASH

Indeed, these are faults, Cob.

COB

Nay, an this were all, ’twere something. But they are the only known enemies 35

to my generation. A fasting day no sooner comes but my lineage goes

 to rack. Poor cobs, they  smoke for it, they are made  martyrs o’the gridiron,

they melt in passion, and your maids too know this, and yet would have me

turn  Hannibal and eat my own  fish and blood!  (He pulls out a red herring [and addresses it].)

My princely  coz, fear nothing. I have not the heart to devour you, 40

an I might be made as rich as  King Cophetua. Oh, that I had  room for my tears!

I could weep salt water enough now to preserve the lives of ten thousand of my

kin; but I may curse none but these filthy  almanacs, for, an ’twere not for them,

these days of persecution would ne’er be known. I’ll be hanged an some

 fishmonger’s son do not make of ’em, and puts in more fasting days than he 45

should do because he would  utter his father’s dried  stockfish and stinking

 conger.

CASH

’Slight, peace! Thou’lt be beaten like a stockfish else. [Seeing an approaching group]

Here is Master Matthew. Now must I look out for a messenger to my

master. 50 [Exeunt Cob and Cash.]

3.5    [Enter]  WELLBRED, EDWARD KNOWELL, BRAINWORM, BOBADILL, MATTHEW, [and] STEPHEN. [Wellbred, Edward Knowell, and Brainworm converse privately among themselves. The rest have pipes and equipment for smoking.]

WELLBRED

Beshrew me, but it was an absolute good jest, and exceedingly well

carried.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Ay, and our ignorance maintained it as well, did it not?

WELLBRED

Yes, faith; but was’t possible thou shouldst not know him? I forgive

Master Stephen, for he is stupidity itself. 5

EDWARD KNOWELL

’Fore God,  not I, an I might have been  joined  patent with

one of  the seven wise masters for knowing him. He had so writhen himself

into the habit of one of your poor infantry, your decayed, ruinous, worm-eaten

 gentlemen of the round, such as have vowed to sit on the  skirts of the city (let

your  provost and his half-dozen of  halberdiers do what they can), and have 10

translated begging out of the old  hackney pace to a fine, easy amble, and made

it run as smooth off the tongue as a  shove-groat shilling. Into the likeness of

one of these  reformados had he moulded himself so perfectly, observing every

trick of their action – as varying the accent, swearing with an emphasis, indeed

all with so special and exquisite a grace – that, hadst thou seen him, thou 15

wouldst have sworn he might have been   sergeant-major, if not   lieutenant-

colonel, to the regiment.

WELLBRED

Why, Brainworm, who would have thought thou hadst been such

an  artificer?

EDWARD KNOWELL

 An artificer? An architect! Except a man had studied begging 20

all his lifetime and been a  weaver of language from his infancy for the

clothing of  it, I never saw his rival.

WELLBRED

Where got’st thou this coat, I mar’l?

BRAINWORM

Of  a Houndsditch man, sir, one of the devil’s near kinsmen: a

broker. 25

WELLBRED

That cannot be, if the proverb hold, for ‘A crafty knave needs no

broker.’

BRAINWORM

True, sir, but I did need a broker,  ergo

WELLBRED

Well put off. No crafty knave, you’ll say.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Tut, he has more of these  shifts. 30

BRAINWORM

And yet, where I have  one, the broker has ten, sir.

 [Enter] CASH.

CASH

[Calling]  Francis! Martin! – Ne’er a one to be found now. What a spite’s

this?

WELLBRED

How now, Thomas? Is my brother Kitely within?

CASH

No, sir, my master went forth e’en now, but Master Downright is within. 35

[Calling] Cob! What, Cob! – Is he gone too?

WELLBRED

Whither went your master, Thomas, canst thou tell?

CASH

I know not; to Justice Clement’s, I think, sir. [Calling] Cob!  [Exit.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

Justice Clement – what’s he?

WELLBRED

Why, dost thou not know him? He is a city magistrate, a justice here, 40

an excellent good lawyer and a great scholar, but the only mad, merry old fellow

in Europe. I showed him you the other day.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, is that he? I remember him now. Good faith, and he

has a very strange presence, methinks. It shows as if he stood out of the rank

from other men. I have heard many of his jests  i’the university. They say he 45

will commit a man for  taking the wall of his horse.

WELLBRED

Ay, or wearing his cloak  of one shoulder, or  serving of God – anything,

indeed, if it come in the way of his humour.

  CASH goes in and out, calling.

CASH

[Calling] Gasper, Martin, Cob! – Heart, where should they be, trow?

BOBADILL

Master Kitely’s man, pray  thee, vouchsafe us the lighting of this 50

 match.

[He hands a match to Cash.]

CASH

 Fire on your match! No time but now to ‘vouchsafe’? [Calling] Francis!

Cob!  [Exit.]

BOBADILL

Body of me, here’s the remainder of seven pound  since yesterday

was sevennight. ’Tis your right  Trinidado. Did you never take any, Master 55

Stephen?

STEPHEN

No, truly,  sir, but I’ll learn to take it now, since you commend it so.

BOBADILL

Sir, believe me, upon my relation, for what I tell you the world shall

not  reprove. I have been in the Indies,  where this herb grows, where neither

myself nor a dozen gentlemen more of my knowledge have received the taste 60

of any other nutriment in the world for the space of one-and-twenty weeks but

the fume of this  simple only. Therefore, it cannot be but ’tis most divine.

Further, take it in the nature, in the true kind so, it makes an antidote that,

had you taken the most deadly poisonous plant in all Italy, it should expel it

and clarify you with as much ease as I speak. And for your  green wound, your 65

 balsamum and your  Saint John’s wort are all mere gulleries and trash to

it, especially your Trinidado. Your  Nicotian is good, too. I could say what I

know of the virtue of it for the expulsion of  rheums, raw humours, crudities,

obstructions, with a thousand of this kind, but I profess myself no quacksalver.

Only thus much, by Hercules: I do hold it and will affirm it before any 70

prince in Europe to be the most  sovereign and precious  weed that ever the

earth tendered to the use of man.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] This speech would ha’ done  decently in

a  tobacco-trader’s mouth!

 [Enter] CASH [and] COB.

CASH

[To Cob] At Justice Clement’s  he is, in the middle of Coleman Street. 75

COB

 Oh, oh!

BOBADILL

Where’s the match I gave thee, Master Kitely’s man?

CASH

Would his match, and he, and pipe, and all were at  Sancto Domingo!

I had forgot it.  [Exit.]

COB

By God’s me , I mar’l what pleasure or felicity they have in taking this roguish 80

tobacco. It’s good for nothing but to choke a man and fill him full of smoke

and embers. There were four died out of one house last week with taking of it,

and two more the bell went for yesternight. One of them, they say, will ne’er

scape it; he voided a bushel of soot yesterday, upward and downward. By the

stocks, an there were no wiser men than I, I’d have it present  whipping, man 85

or woman, that should but deal with a tobacco pipe. Why, it will stifle them all

in the end, as many as use it; it’s little better than ratsbane or  rosaker.

 Bobadill beats him [Cob] with a cudgel.

[Enter CASH. ]

ALL

Oh, good Captain, hold, hold!

BOBADILL

You base  cullion, you! [He is restrained.]

CASH

[Handing the lighted match back to Bobadill] Sir, here’s your match. [To Cob] 90

Come, thou must needs be talking, too.    Thou’rt well enough served.

COB

Nay, he will not  meddle with his match, I warrant you. Well, it shall be a

dear beating, an I live.

BOBADILL

[Menacing Cob] Do you prate? Do you murmur?

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Bobadill] Nay, good Captain, will you regard the 95

humour of a fool? [To Cob] Away, knave!

WELLBRED

Thomas, get him away.  [Exeunt Cash and Cob.]

BOBADILL

A whoreson, filthy slave, a dung-worm, an excrement! Body

o’ Caesar, but that I scorn to let forth so mean a spirit, I’d ha’ stabbed him to

the earth. 100

WELLBRED

Marry, the law forbid, sir.

BOBADILL

By Pharaoh’s foot, I would have done it.

STEPHEN

[To himself] Oh, he swears admirably! ‘By Pharaoh’s foot’, ‘body of

Caesar’ – I shall never do it, sure. ‘Upon mine honour’, and ‘by Saint George’ –

no, I ha’ not the right grace. 105

[The men smoke.]

MATTHEW

[Offering tobacco] Master Stephen, will you any? By this air, the most

divine tobacco that ever I drunk!

STEPHEN

None, I thank you, sir. [To himself] Oh,  this gentleman does it rarely

too, but nothing like the other.

Master Stephen is  practising to the  post.

‘By this air!’ ‘As I am a gentleman!’ ‘By –’ 110[Exeunt Bobadill and Matthew.]

BRAINWORM

[To Edward Knowell] Master, glance, glance! – Master Wellbred!

STEPHEN

As I have somewhat to be saved, I protest –

WELLBRED

[Aside] You are a fool;  it needs no affidavit.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[To Stephen] Cousin, will you any tobacco?

STEPHEN

[Taking tobacco]  Ay, sir! Upon my reputation – 115

EDWARD KNOWELL

How now, cousin?

STEPHEN

I protest, as I am a gentleman, but no soldier, indeed –

WELLBRED

No, Master Stephen? As I remember, your name is entered in the

 Artillery Garden?

STEPHEN

Ay, sir, that’s true. – Cousin, may I swear ‘as I am a soldier’ by that? 120

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, yes, that you may. It’s all you have  for your money.

STEPHEN

Then, as I am a gentleman and a soldier, it is divine tobacco!

WELLBRED

But soft, where’s Master Matthew? Gone?

BRAINWORM

No, sir, they went  in here.

WELLBRED

Oh, let’s follow them. Master Matthew is gone to  salute his mistress 125

in verse. [To Edward Knowell] We shall ha’ the happiness to hear some of his

poetry now. He never comes unfurnished. – Brainworm!

STEPHEN

Brainworm? Where? Is this Brainworm?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Ay, cousin. No words of it, upon your gentility.

STEPHEN

Not I, body of me, by this air, Saint George, and the foot of Pharaoh! 130

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Rare! Your cousin’s discourse is simply

 drawn out with oaths.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] Tis larded with ’em. A kind of French

dressing, if you love it.  [Exeunt.]

3.6   [Enter] KITELY [and] COB.

KITELY

Ha! How many are there, sayest thou?

COB

Marry, sir, your brother, Master Wellbred –

KITELY

Tut, beside him: what strangers are there, man?

COB

Strangers? Let me see: one, two – mass, I know not well, there are so many.

KITELY

How? So many? 5

COB

Ay, there’s some five or six of them at the most.

KITELY

[Aside] A swarm, a swarm!

Spite of the devil, how they sting my head

With  forkèd stings, thus wide and large! – But Cob,

How long hast thou been  coming hither, Cob? 10

COB

A little while, sir.

KITELY

Didst thou come running?

COB

No, sir.

KITELY

Nay, then, I am familiar with thy haste.

 [Aside] Bane to my fortunes! What meant I to marry? 15

I that before was ranked in such content,

My mind at rest, too, in so soft a peace,

Being free master of mine own free thoughts,

And now become a slave? What, never sigh;

Be of good cheer, man, for thou art a cuckold. 20

’Tis done, ’tis done. Nay, when such flowing store, 

Plenty itself, falls in my wife’s lap,

The  cornucopiae will be mine, I know. – But Cob,

What entertainment had they? I am sure

My sister and my wife would bid them welcome, ha? 25

COB

Like enough, sir; yet I heard not a word of it.

KITELY

[Aside] No, their lips were sealed with kisses, and the voice,

Drowned in a flood of joy at their arrival,

Had lost her motion, state, and faculty. –

Cob, which of them was’t that first kissed my wife? 30

My sister, I should say. My wife! Alas,

I fear not her. Ha? Who was it, say’st thou?

COB

By my troth, sir, will you have the truth of it?

KITELY

Oh, ay, good Cob, I pray thee heartily.

COB

Then, I am a vagabond, and fitter for  Bridewell than Your Worship’s company, 35

if I saw anybody to be kissed, unless they would have kissed the post in

the middle of the warehouse. For there I left them all at their tobacco – with a

pox!

KITELY

How? Were they not gone in, then, ere thou cam’st?

COB

Oh, no, sir. 40

KITELY

 Spite of the devil! What do I stay here, then?

Cob, follow me.  [Exit Kitely.]

COB

Nay, soft and fair! I have  eggs on the spit; I cannot go yet, sir. Now am I for

some five-and-fifty reasons hammering, hammering revenge. Oh, for three or

four gallons of vinegar to sharpen my wits! Revenge, vinegar revenge,  vinegar 45

and mustard revenge! Nay, an he had not lain  in my house, ’twould never have

grieved me. But being my guest – one that, I’ll be sworn, my wife has lent him

her smock off her back while his  one shirt  has been at washing, pawned her

neckerchers for clean  bands for him, sold almost all my platters to buy him

tobacco – and he to turn  monster of ingratitude and strike his lawful host! 50

Well, I hope to raise up an host of fury for’t. Here comes Justice Clement.

3.7    [Enter]  CLEMENT, KNOWELL, [and] FORMAL.

CLEMENT

 What, ’s Master Kitely gone? – Roger!

FORMAL

Ay, sir.

CLEMENT

Heart of me, what made him leave us so abruptly? [Seeing Cob] How

now, sirrah, what make you here? What would you have, ha?

COB

An’t please Your Worship, I am a poor neighbour of Your Worship’s – 5

CLEMENT

A poor neighbour of mine? Why, speak, poor neighbour.

COB

I dwell, sir, at the sign of the water-tankard, hard by the  Green Lattice. I

have paid  scot and lot there any time this eighteen years.

CLEMENT

To the Green Lattice?

COB

No, sir, to the parish. Marry, I have seldom scaped  scot-free at the Lattice. 10

CLEMENT

Oh, well. What business has my poor neighbour with me?

COB

An’t like Your Worship, I am come to crave the peace of Your Worship.

CLEMENT

Of me, knave? Peace of me, knave? Did I e’er hurt thee? Or threaten

thee? Or wrong thee? Ha?

COB

No, sir; but Your Worship’s warrant for one that has wronged me, sir. His 15

 arms are at too much liberty. I would fain have them bound to a treaty of peace,

an my credit could compass it with Your Worship.

CLEMENT

 Thou goest far enough about for’t, I am sure.

KNOWELL

[To Cob] Why, dost thou go in danger of thy life for him, friend?

COB

No, sir, but I go in danger of my death every hour by his means;  an I die 20

within a twelvemonth and a day, I may swear by the law of the land that he

killed me.

CLEMENT

How, how, knave? Swear he killed thee? And by the law? What

 pretence, what  colour hast thou for that?

COB

Marry, an’t please Your Worship, both black and blue – colour enough, I 25

warrant you. I have it here to show Your Worship. [He shows his bruises.]

CLEMENT

What is he that gave you this, sirrah?

COB

A gentleman and a soldier he says he is, o’the city here.

CLEMENT

A soldier o’the city? What call you him?

COB

Captain Bobadill. 30

CLEMENT

Bobadill? And why did he  bob and beat you, sirrah? How began the

quarrel betwixt you, ha? Speak truly, knave, I advise you.

COB

Marry, indeed, an please Your Worship, only because I spake against their

 vagrant tobacco as I came by ’em when they were taking on’t; for nothing else.

CLEMENT

Ha? You speak against tobacco? – Formal, his name. 35

FORMAL

What’s your name, sirrah?

COB

Oliver, sir; Oliver Cob, sir.

CLEMENT

Tell Oliver Cob he shall go to the jail, Formal.

FORMAL

Oliver Cob, my master, Justice Clement, says you shall go to the jail.

COB

Oh, I beseech Your Worship, for God’s sake, dear Master Justice! 40

CLEMENT

Nay, God’s precious, an such drunkards and  tankards as you are

come to dispute of tobacco once, I have done. – Away with him!

COB

Oh, good Master Justice! [To Knowell] Sweet old gentleman!

KNOWELL

Sweet Oliver, would I could do thee any good. – Justice Clement, let

me entreat you, sir. 45

CLEMENT

What? A threadbare rascal, a beggar, a slave that never drunk out of

better than  pisspot  metal in his life? And he to deprave and abuse the virtue of

an herb so generally received in the courts of princes, the chambers of nobles,

the bowers of sweet ladies, the  cabins of soldiers? Roger, away with him, by

God’s precious. – I say, go  to. 50

COB

Dear Master Justice, let me be beaten again – I have deserved it – but not the

prison, I beseech you!

KNOWELL

Alas, poor Oliver!

CLEMENT

Roger, make him a warrant. –  He shall not go; I but  fear the knave.

FORMAL

Do not  stink,  sweet Oliver. You shall not go; my master will give you a 55

warrant.

COB

Oh, the Lord maintain His Worship, His worthy Worship!

CLEMENT

Away, dispatch him.  [Exit Formal with Cob.]

How now, Master Knowell! In dumps? In dumps? Come, this becomes not.

KNOWELL

Sir, would I could not feel my cares – 60

CLEMENT

Your cares are nothing; they are like my cap, soon put on and as soon

put off. What, your son is old enough to govern himself; let him run his course.

It’s the only way to make him a  staid man. If he were an unthrift, a ruffian, a

drunkard, or a licentious liver, then you had reason, you had reason to take

care; but being none of these, mirth’s my witness, an I had twice so many cares 65

as you have, I’d drown them all in a cup of sack. Come, come, let’s try it. I muse

your  parcel of a soldier returns not all this while.  [Exeunt.]

4.1    [Enter] DOWNRIGHT [and] DAME KITELY.

DOWNRIGHT

Well, sister, I tell you true, and you’ll find it so in the end.

DAME KITELY

Alas, brother, what would you have me to do? I cannot help it;

you see, my brother brings ’em in here; they are his friends.

DOWNRIGHT

His friends? His fiends!  ’Slud, they do nothing but haunt him

 up and down like a  sort of unlucky  sprites, and tempt him to all manner of 5

villainy that can be thought of. Well, by this light, a little thing would make me

play the devil with some of ’em. An ’twere not more for your husband’s sake

than anything else, I’d make the house too hot for the best on ’em. They should

say and swear hell were broken loose ere they went hence. But, by God’s will,

’tis nobody’s fault but yours. For, an you had done as you might have done, 10

they should have been   parboiled, and baked too,  every mother’s son, ere they

should ha’ come in,  e’er a one of ’em!

DAME KITELY

God’s my life, did you ever hear the like? What a strange man is

this! Could I keep out all them, think you? I should  put myself against half a

dozen men, should I? Good faith, you’d mad the patient’st body in the world 15

to hear you talk so, without any sense or reason.

4.2     [Enter] MISTRESS BRIDGET, MASTER MATTHEW [holding papers], [and] BOBADILL, [followed at a distance by] WELLBRED, STEPHEN, EDWARD KNOWELL, [and] BRAINWORM.

BRIDGET

[To Matthew] Servant, in troth, you are too prodigal

Of your wit’s treasure, thus to pour it forth

Upon so mean a subject as my worth.

MATTHEW

You say well,  mistress; and I  mean as well.

DOWNRIGHT

Hoyday, here is stuff! 5

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] Oh, now stand close. Pray heaven she can

get him to read. He should do it of his own natural impudency.

BRIDGET

[Indicating Matthew’s papers] Servant, what is this same, I pray you?

MATTHEW

Marry, an elegy, an  elegy, an odd toy –

DOWNRIGHT

 To mock an ape withal. Oh, I could sew up his mouth now! 10

DAME KITELY

Sister, I pray you, let’s hear it.

DOWNRIGHT

Are you rhyme-given, too?

MATTHEW

Mistress, I’ll read it, if you please.

BRIDGET

Pray you do, servant.

DOWNRIGHT

 Oh, here’s no foppery! Death, I can endure the stocks better. 15

 [Exit.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] What ails thy brother?  Can he not hold

his water at reading of a ballad?

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Oh, no, a rhyme to him is  worse than cheese

or a bagpipe. But mark. You  lose the  protestation.

MATTHEW

Faith, I did it in an humour. I know not how it is, but, please you, 20

come near, sir. This gentleman [Indicating Stephen] has judgement; he knows

how to  censure of a – [To Stephen] Pray you, sir, you can judge.

STEPHEN

Not I, sir – upon my reputation, and by the foot of Pharaoh.

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Oh, chide your cousin for swearing.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] Not I, so long as he does not forswear 25

himself.

BOBADILL

Master Matthew, you abuse the expectation of your dear mistress

and her fair sister. Fie, while you live, avoid this prolixity.

MATTHEW

I shall, sir. Well,  incipere dulce.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] How?  Insipere dulce? ‘A sweet thing to be 30

a fool’, indeed.

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] What, do you take  incipere in that sense?

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] You do not?  You? This was your villainy,

to gull him with a   mot.

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell]  Oh, the benchers’ phrase: pauca 35

verba, pauca verba.

MATTHEW

 [Reads] ‘Rare creature, let me speak without offence.

 Would God my rude words had the influence

 To rule thy thoughts, as thy fair looks do mine;

Then shouldst thou be his prisoner, who is thine.’ 40

LORENZO

[Aside to Wellbred] This is in Hero and Leander!

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Oh, ay, peace. We shall have more of this.

MATTHEW

‘Be not unkind and fair. Misshapen stuff

Is of behaviour boisterous and rough –’

WELLBRED

[To Stephen] How like you that, sir? 45

 Master Stephen answers with shaking his head.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] ’Slight, he shakes his head like a bottle,

to feel an there be any brain in it!

MATTHEW

But observe the  catastrophe now:

‘And I in duty will exceed all other

As you in beauty do excel Love’s mother.’ 50

[He presents the verses to Bridget.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] Well, I’ll have him  free of the wit-

brokers, for he utters nothing but stol’n remnants.

WELLBRED

[Aside to Edward Knowell] Oh, forgive it him.

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Wellbred] A filching rogue, hang him! And from

the dead? It’s worse than sacrilege. 55

WELLBRED

[To Bridget] Sister, what ha’ you here? Verses? Pray you, let’s see.

[Bridget gives the verses to Wellbred, who examines them.]

Who made these verses? They are excellent good.

MATTHEW

Oh, Master Wellbred, ’tis your disposition to say so, sir. They were

good i’the morning; I made ’em extempore this morning.

WELLBRED

How, extempore? 60

MATTHEW

  Ay, would I might be hanged else. Ask Captain Bobadill. He saw me

write them at the – pox on it! –  the Star, yonder.

BRAINWORM

[Aside to Wellbred and Edward Knowell] Can he find in his heart to

curse the stars so?

EDWARD KNOWELL

[Aside to Brainworm and Wellbred] Faith,  his are even with 65

him: they ha’ cursed him enough already.

STEPHEN

Cousin, how do you like this gentleman’s verses?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, admirable! The best that ever I heard, coz.

STEPHEN

 Body o’Caesar, they are admirable! The best that ever I heard, as I am

a soldier. 70

 [Enter] DOWNRIGHT.

DOWNRIGHT

[To himself] I am vexed. I can hold ne’er a bone of me still! Heart,

I think they mean to build and breed here!

WELLBRED

[To Bridget] Sister, you have a  simple servant here, that crowns your

beauty with such  encomions and devices. You may see what it is to be the mistress

of a wit that can make your perfections so transparent that every blear eye 75

may look through them and see him  drowned over head and ears in the deep

well of desire. – Sister Kitely, I marvel you get you not a servant that can rhyme

and do tricks, too.

DOWNRIGHT

[To himself] Oh, monster! Impudence itself! Tricks?

DAME KITELY

Tricks, brother? What tricks? 80

BRIDGET

Nay, speak, I pray you, what tricks?

DAME KITELY

Ay, never spare anybody here, but say, what tricks?

BRIDGET

Passion of my heart! ‘Do tricks’?

WELLBRED

’Slight, here’s a trick,  vied and revied. Why, you monkeys, you,

what a caterwauling do you  keep! Has he not given you rhymes and verses and 85

tricks?

DOWNRIGHT

[To himself] Oh, the fiend!

WELLBRED

[To Bridget]  Nay, you,  lamp of virginity, that  take it in snuff so, come

and cherish this tame poetical fury in your servant;  you’ll be begged else

shortly for a concealment. Go to, reward his muse. You cannot give him 90

less than a shilling, in conscience, for the book he had it out of cost him a

 teston at least. – How now, gallants? Master Matthew? Captain? What, all sons

of silence? No spirit?

DOWNRIGHT

[Aloud, to Wellbred] Come, you might practise your ruffian tricks

somewhere else and not here,  I wuss. This is no tavern, nor drinking school, 95

to vent your exploits in.

WELLBRED

How now!  Whose cow has calved?

DOWNRIGHT

Marry, that has mine, sir. Nay, boy, never look askance at me for

the matter. I’ll tell you of it;   ay, sir, you and your companions, mend yourselves

when I ha’ done. 100

WELLBRED

My companions?

DOWNRIGHT

Yes, sir, your companions , so I say. I am not afraid of you,

nor them neither, your  hang-bys here. You must have your poets and your

 potlings, your  soldados and  foolados, to follow you up and down the city, and

here they must come to domineer and swagger. [To Matthew] Sirrah, you ballad- 105

singer, and  Slops, your fellow there, get you out! Get you home or, by this steel,

I’ll cut off your ears, and that presently.

WELLBRED

[To Matthew and Bobadill, as they shy away] ’Slight, stay. Let’s see what

he dare do. [To Downright] Cut off his ears?  Cut a whetstone. You are an ass, do

you see? Touch any man here and, by this hand, I’ll run my rapier to the hilts 110

in you.

DOWNRIGHT

Yea, that would I fain see, boy.

 They all draw.

DAME KITELY

Oh, Jesu! Murder! Thomas, Gaspar!

BRIDGET

Help, help, Thomas!

And they [CASH and other SERVANTS] of the house

[enter and]  make out to part them.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Gentlemen! Forbear, I pray you. 115

BOBADILL

[To Downright] Well, sirrah, you,  Holofernes: by my hand, I will pink

your flesh full of holes with my rapier for this; I will, by this good heaven!

 They offer to fight again, and are parted.

Nay, let him come, let him come, gentlemen; by the body of Saint George, I’ll not

kill him.

CASH

Hold, hold, good gentlemen! 120

DOWNRIGHT

[To Bobadill] You whoreson bragging  coistrel!

4.3     [Enter] KITELY to them.

KITELY

Why, how now? What’s the matter? What’s the stir here?

Whence springs the quarrel? – Thomas! – Where is he? –

Put up your weapons and put off this rage.

My wife and sister, they are cause of this. –

What, Thomas! – Where is this knave? 5

CASH

Here, sir.

WELLBRED

[To Edward Knowell and the rest] Come, let’s go. This is one of my

brother’s ancient humours, this.

STEPHEN

I am glad nobody was hurt by his ancient humour.

 [Exeunt Wellbred, Edward Knowell, Brainworm, Stephen, Bobadill, Matthew, and Servants.]

KITELY

Why, how now, brother, who  enforced this brawl? 10

DOWNRIGHT

 A sort of lewd rakehells, that care neither for God nor the devil.

And they  must come here to read ballads, and roguery, and trash. I’ll  mar the

knot of ’em ere I sleep, perhaps, especially Bob there, he that’s all manner of

shapes, and  Songs and Sonnets, his fellow.

BRIDGET

Brother, indeed, you are too violent, 15

 Too sudden in your humour; and you know

My brother Wellbred’s temper will not bear

Any reproof, chiefly in such presence

Where every slight disgrace he should receive

Might wound him in opinion and respect. 20

DOWNRIGHT

 Respect? What talk you of respect ’mong such as ha’  nor spark of

manhood nor good manners?  ’Sdeynes, I am ashamed to hear you. Respect?

 [Exit.]

BRIDGET

Yes, there was one, a civil gentleman,

And very worthily  demeaned himself.

KITELY

Oh, that was some love of yours, sister. 25

BRIDGET

A love of mine? I would it were no worse, brother.

You’d pay my  portion sooner than you think for.

DAME KITELY

Indeed, he seemed to be a gentleman of an exceeding fair

disposition, and of very excellent  good parts.  [Exeunt Bridget and Dame Kitely.]

KITELY

[Aside] Her love, by heaven! My wife’s minion! 30

‘Fair disposition’? ‘Excellent good parts’?

Death, these phrases are intolerable.

‘Good parts’? How should she know his parts?

His parts? Well, well, well, well, well, well!

It is too plain, too clear. – Thomas, come hither. 35

What, are they gone?

CASH

Ay, sir, they went in.

My mistress and your sister –

KITELY

Are any of the gallants within?

CASH

No, sir, they are all gone.

KITELY

Art thou sure of it? 40

CASH

I can assure you, sir.

KITELY

What gentleman was that they praised so, Thomas?

CASH

 One, they call him Master Knowell, a handsome young gentleman, sir.

KITELY

[Aside] Ay, I thought so; my mind gave me as much.

 I’ll die but they have hid him i’the house 45

Somewhere; I’ll go and search. – Go with me, Thomas.

Be true to me, and thou shalt find me  a master.  [Exeunt.]

4.4    [Enter]  COB.

COB

[Knocking] What, Tib! Tib, I say!

TIB

[Within] How now, what cuckold is that knocks so hard?

 [Enter] TIB.

Oh, husband, is’t you? What’s the news?

COB

Nay, you have  stunned me, i’faith!  You ha’ giv’n me a knock o’the forehead

will stick by me. Cuckold? ’Slid, cuckold? 5

TIB

 Away, you fool! Did I know it was you that knocked? Come, come, you may

call me as bad when you list.

COB

May I? Tib, you are a whore.

TIB

 You lie in your throat, husband.

COB

How, the lie? And in my throat too? Do you long to be stabbed, ha? 10

TIB

Why, you are no soldier, I hope.

COB

Oh,  must you be stabbed by a soldier? Mass, that’s true. When was Bobadill

here, your captain? That rogue, that  foist, that fencing  Burgullian! I’ll tickle

him, i’faith.

TIB

Why, what’s the matter, trow? 15

COB

Oh, he has basted me rarely, sumptuously!  But I have it here  in black and

white, for his black and blue, shall pay him. Oh, the Justice! The honestest old

 brave Trojan in London! I do honour the very flea of his dog. A plague on him,

though; he put me once in a villainous, filthy fear. Marry, it vanished away like

the smoke of tobacco, but I was  smoked soundly first, I thank the devil and his 20

good angel, my guest. Well, wife, or Tib, which you will, get you in and lock

the door, I charge you; let no body in to you, wife,  no body in to you; those

are my words. Not Captain Bob himself, nor the fiend in his likeness. You are

a woman; you have flesh and blood enough in you to be tempted; therefore,

keep the door shut upon all comers. 25

TIB

I warrant you, there shall no body enter here without my consent.

COB

Nor with your consent, sweet Tib; and so I leave you.

TIB

It’s more than you know, whether you leave me so.

COB

How?

TIB

Why,  sweet. 30

COB

Tut, sweet or sour, thou art a flower.

Keep  close thy door; I ask no more.  [Exeunt.]

4.5    [Enter] EDWARD KNOWELL, WELLBRED, STEPHEN, [and] BRAINWORM [disguised as a soldier. They confer out of Stephen’s hearing.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

 Well, Brainworm, perform this business happily and

thou makest a purchase of my love for ever.

WELLBRED

[To Brainworm] I’faith, now let thy spirits use their best faculties.

But, at any hand,  remember the message to my brother, for there’s no other

means to  start him. 5

BRAINWORM

I warrant you, sir, fear nothing. I have a nimble soul has waked

all forces of my fant’sy by this time and put ’em in true motion. What you have

possessed me withal, I’ll discharge it amply, sir.  Make it no question.

WELLBRED

Forth and prosper, Brainworm.  [Exit Brainworm.]

Faith, Ned, how dost thou approve of my abilities in this device? 10

EDWARD KNOWELL

Troth, well, howsoever, but it will come excellent if it

take.

WELLBRED

Take, man? Why, it cannot choose but take, if the circumstances

miscarry not. But tell me  ingenuously: dost thou  affect my sister Bridget, as

thou  pretend’st? 15

EDWARD KNOWELL

Friend, am I worth belief?

WELLBRED

Come, do not protest. In faith, she is a maid of good ornament and

much modesty; and,  except I conceived very worthily of her, thou shouldest

not have her.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, that, I am afraid, will be a question yet, whether I 20

shall have her or no.

WELLBRED

’Slid, thou shalt have her; by this light, thou shalt.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, do not swear.

WELLBRED

By this hand, thou shalt have her. I’ll go fetch her presently.  Point

but where to meet, and, as I am an honest man, I’ll bring her. 25

EDWARD KNOWELL

Hold, hold. Be temperate.

WELLBRED

 Why, by – what shall I swear by? Thou shalt have her, as I am –

EDWARD KNOWELL

 Pray thee, be at peace. I am satisfied, and do believe thou

wilt omit no offered occasion to make my desires complete.

WELLBRED

Thou shalt see and know I will not. 30[Exeunt.]

4.6     [Enter] FORMAL [and] KNOWELL, [meeting] BRAINWORM   [disguised as a soldier].

FORMAL

Was your man a soldier, sir?

KNOWELL

Ay, a knave. I took him begging o’the way,

This morning, as I came over Moorfields.

[Seeing Brainworm.] Oh, here he is! –  You’ve made fair speed, believe me.

Where, i’the name of sloth, could you be thus – 5

BRAINWORM

Marry, peace be my comfort, where I thought I should have had

little comfort of Your Worship’s service.

KNOWELL

How so?

BRAINWORM

Oh, sir! Your coming to the city, your entertainment of me, and

your sending me to watch – indeed, all the circumstances, either of your 10

charge or my employment, are as open to your son as to yourself.

KNOWELL

How should that be? Unless that villain Brainworm

Have told him of the letter and discovered

All that I strictly charged him to conceal? ’Tis so.

BRAINWORM

I am partly o’the faith ’tis so indeed. 15

KNOWELL

But how should he know thee to be my man?

BRAINWORM

 Nay, sir, I cannot tell, unless it be by the black art. Is not your son

a scholar, sir?

KNOWELL

Yes, but I hope his soul is not allied

Unto such hellish practice. If it were, 20

I had just cause to weep my part in him

And curse the time of his creation.

But where didst thou find them, Fitzsword?

BRAINWORM

You should rather ask where they found me, sir, for I’ll be sworn I

was going along in the street, thinking nothing, when of a sudden a voice calls, 25

‘Master Knowell’s man!’; another cries ‘Soldier!’; and thus half a dozen of ’em,

till they had called me within a house, where I no sooner came  but they  seemed

men, and out flew all their rapiers at my bosom, with some three or four score

oaths to accompany ’em, and all to tell me I was but a dead man if I did not

 confess where you were, and how I was employed, and about what. Which, 30

when they could not get out of me – as, I protest, they must ha’ dissected and

made an  anatomy o’ me first, and so I told ’em – they locked me up into a room

i’the top of a high house, whence by great miracle, having a light heart, I slid

down by a  bottom of packthread into the street and so scaped. But, sir, thus

much I can assure you, for I heard it while I was locked up: there were a great 35

many rich merchants and  brave citizens’ wives with ’em at a feast, and your

son, Master Edward, withdrew with one of ’em, and has pointed to meet her

anon at one Cob’s house, a waterbearer that dwells by the wall. Now there Your

Worship shall be sure to take him, for there he preys, and fail he will not.

KNOWELL

Nor will I fail to break his match, I doubt not. 40

Go thou along with Justice Clement’s man,

And stay there for me. At one Cob’s house, say’st thou?

BRAINWORM

Ay, sir, there you shall have him.  [Exit Knowell.]

[Aside] Yes? Invisible?  Much wench or much son! ’Slight, when he has stayed

there three or four hours,  travailing with the expectation of wonders, and at 45

length be delivered of air – oh, the sport that I should then take to look on him if

I durst! But now I mean to appear no more afore him, in this shape; I have

another trick to act yet. Oh, that I were so happy as to light on  a nupson now

of this Justice’s novice! [To Formal] Sir, I make you stay somewhat long.

FORMAL

Not a whit, sir. Pray you, what do you mean, sir? 50

BRAINWORM

I was putting up some  papers.

FORMAL

You ha’ been lately in the wars, sir, it seems.

BRAINWORM

Marry, have I, sir, to my loss and expense of all, almost –

FORMAL

Troth, sir, I would be glad to bestow a  pottle of wine o’you, if it please

you to accept it –55

BRAINWORM

Oh, sir –

FORMAL

But to hear the manner of your services and your devices in the wars.

They say they be very strange, and not like those a man reads in  the Roman

histories or sees at  Mile End.

BRAINWORM

No, I assure you, sir. Why, at any time when it please you I shall 60

be ready to discourse to you all I know. [Aside] And more too, somewhat.

FORMAL

No better time than now, sir. We’ll go to the  Windmill. There we shall

have a cup of neat  grist, we call it. I pray you, sir, let me request you to the

Windmill.

BRAINWORM

I’ll follow you, sir. [Aside] And  make grist o’you, if I have good 65

luck.  [Exeunt.]

4.7      [Enter] MATTHEW, EDWARD KNOWELL, BOBADILL, [and] STEPHEN.

MATTHEW

[To Edward Knowell] Sir, did your  eyes ever taste the like clown of him

where we were today, Master Wellbred’s half-brother? I think the whole earth

cannot show his parallel, by this daylight.

EDWARD KNOWELL

We were now speaking of him. Captain Bobadill tells me

he is fall’n foul o’you, too. 5

MATTHEW

Oh, ay, sir, he threatened me with the  bastinado.

BOBADILL

Ay, but I think I taught you prevention this morning for  that. You

shall kill him, beyond question, if you be so  generously minded.

MATTHEW

Indeed, it is a most excellent trick!

[He practises fencing.]

BOBADILL

Oh, you do not give spirit enough to your  motion. You are too tardy, 10

too heavy. Oh, it must be done like lightning. Hay!

 (He practises at a post.)

MATTHEW

 Rare, Captain!

BOBADILL

Tut, ’tis nothing, an’t be not done in a –  punto!

EDWARD KNOWELL

Captain, did you ever  prove yourself upon any of our masters

of defence here? 15

MATTHEW

Oh, good sir! Yes, I  hope he has.

BOBADILL

 I will tell you, sir. Upon my first coming to the city, after my long

  travail, for knowledge in that  mystery only there came three or four of ’em

to me at a gentleman’s house, where it was my chance to be resident at that

time, to entreat my presence at their schools, and withal so much importuned 20

me that – I protest to you, as I am a gentleman – I was ashamed of their rude

demeanour out of all measure. Well, I told ’em that to come to a public school,

they should pardon me, it was  opposite in diameter to my humour; but if so

they would give their attendance at my lodging, I  protested to do them what

right or favour I could, as I was a gentleman, and so forth. 25

EDWARD KNOWELL

So, sir, then you tried their skill?

BOBADILL

Alas, soon tried! You shall hear, sir. Within two or three days after,

they came; and, by honesty, fair sir, believe me, I graced them exceedingly,

showed them some two or three tricks of  prevention  have purchased ’em since

a credit to admiration! They cannot deny this. And yet now they hate me; and 30

why? Because I am excellent, and for no other vile reason on the earth.

EDWARD KNOWELL

This is strange and barbarous as ever I heard!

BOBADILL

Nay, for a more instance of their preposterous natures, but note,

sir. They have assaulted me,  some three, four, five, six of them together, as

I have walked alone in divers skirts i’the town, as  Turnbull, Whitechapel, 35

 Shoreditch, which were then my quarters, and since upon  the Exchange, at

my lodging, and at my  ordinary, where I have driven them afore me the whole

length of a street in the open view of all our gallants, pitying to hurt them,

believe me. Yet all this lenity will not o’ercome their spleen; they will be doing

with the  pismire, raising a hill a man may  spurn abroad with his foot at pleasure. 40

By myself, I could have slain them all, but I delight not in murder. I am

loath to bear any other than this  bastinado for ’em, yet I hold it good   polity not

to go disarmed, for, though I be skilful, I may be oppressed with multitudes.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Ay, believe me, may you, sir, and in my conceit our whole

nation should sustain the loss by it, if it were so. 45

BOBADILL

Alas, no. What’s a  peculiar man to a nation? Not seen.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Oh, but your skill, sir!

BOBADILL

Indeed, that might be some loss, but who respects it? I will tell you,

sir, by the way of private and  under seal: I am a gentleman and live here obscure

and to myself. But were I known to  Her Majesty and the lords, observe me, I 50

would undertake, upon this poor head and life, for the public benefit of the

state, not only to spare the entire lives of her subjects in general, but to save

the one half – nay,  three parts – of her yearly charge in holding war and against

what enemy soever. And how would I do it, think you?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Nay, I know not, nor can I conceive. 55

BOBADILL

Why, thus, sir. I would select nineteen more to myself throughout

the land; gentlemen they should be of good spirit, strong and able constitution.

I would choose them by an instinct,  a character that I have. And I would

teach these nineteen the special rules – as your  punto, your reverso, your stoccata,

your imbroccata, your passada, your montanto – till they could all play very 60

near or altogether as well as myself. This done, say the enemy were forty thousand

strong: we twenty would come into the field the tenth of March or

there-abouts, and we would challenge twenty of the enemy. They could not in their

honour refuse us. Well, we would kill them; challenge twenty more, kill them;

twenty more, kill them; twenty more, kill them too. And thus would we 65

kill every man his twenty a day, that’s twenty score; twenty score,  that’s two

hundred; two  hundred a day, five days a thousand. Forty thousand – forty

times five, five times forty – two hundred days kills them all up, by computation.

And this will I venture my poor gentleman-like carcass to perform – provided

there be no treason practised upon us – by fair and discreet manhood; 70

that is,  civilly, by the sword.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Why, are you so sure of your hand, Captain, at all times?

BOBADILL

Tut, never   miss thrust, upon my reputation with you.

EDWARD KNOWELL

I would not stand in Downright’s state, then, an you meet

him, for the wealth of any one street in London. 75

BOBADILL

Why, sir, you mistake me. If he were here now, by this  welkin, I

would not draw my weapon upon him. Let this gentleman do his mind, but

I will bastinado him, by the bright sun, wherever I meet him.

MATTHEW

Faith, and I’ll have a fling at him,  at my distance.

  DOWNRIGHT walks over the stage.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Godso , look where he is! Yonder he goes. 80

DOWNRIGHT

[To himself] What peevish luck have I, I cannot meet with these

bragging rascals!  [Exit.]

BOBADILL

It’s not  he, is it?

EDWARD KNOWELL

Yes, faith, it is he.

MATTHEW

I’ll be hanged, then, if that were he. 85

EDWARD KNOWELL

Sir, keep your hanging good for some greater matter, for

I assure you that was he.

STEPHEN

Upon my reputation, it was he.

BOBADILL

Had I thought it had been he,  he must not have gone so. But I can

hardly be induced to believe it was he, yet. 90

EDWARD KNOWELL

That I think, sir.

 [Enter] DOWNRIGHT.

But see, he is come again!

DOWNRIGHT

[To Bobadill] Oh, Pharaoh’s foot, have I found you? Come, draw; to

your  tools. Draw,  gypsy, or I’ll  thrash you.

BOBADILL

Gentleman of valour,  I do believe in thee; hear me – 95

DOWNRIGHT

Draw your weapon, then.

BOBADILL

 Tall man, I never thought on it till now: body of me, I had a warrant

of the peace served on me even now as I came along, by a waterbearer. This

gentleman saw it – Master Matthew.

DOWNRIGHT

’Sdeath, you will not draw, then? 100

 He beats him and disarms him. Matthew runs away.

  BOBADILL

 Hold, hold! Under thy favour, forbear!

DOWNRIGHT

Prate again as you like this, you whoreson  foist, you! You’ll

 control the point, you? Your consort is gone? Had he stayed, he had shared

with you, sir.  [Exit Downright, mistakenly leaving his cloak behind him.]

BOBADILL

Well, gentlemen, bear witness I was  bound to the peace, by this good 105

day.

EDWARD KNOWELL

No, faith, it’s an ill day, Captain; never reckon it other. But

say you were bound to the peace,  the law allows you to defend yourself. That’ll

prove but a poor excuse.

BOBADILL

I cannot tell, sir. I desire good  construction,  in fair sort. I never sustained 110

the like disgrace, by heaven. Sure I was   struck with a planet  thence, for

I had no power to touch my weapon.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Ay, like enough. I have heard of many that have been

beaten under a  planet. Go, get you to a surgeon. ’Slid, an these be your tricks,

your passadas and your montantos, I’ll none of them. 115 [Exit Bobadill.]

O  manners!  That this age should bring forth such creatures! That Nature should

be at leisure to make ’em! – Come, coz.

STEPHEN

[Taking up Downright’s cloak] Mass, I’ll ha’ this cloak.

EDWARD KNOWELL

God’s will, ’tis Downright’s.

STEPHEN

Nay, it’s mine now; another might have   ta’en up as well as I. I’ll wear 120

it, so I will. [He puts it on.]

EDWARD KNOWELL

How an he see it? He’ll  challenge it, assure yourself.

STEPHEN

Ay, but he shall not ha’ it. I’ll say I bought it.

EDWARD KNOWELL

Take heed you buy it not too dear, coz.  [Exeunt.]

4.8     [Enter] KITELY, WELLBRED, DAME KITELY, [and] BRIDGET.

KITELY

Now trust me, brother, you were much to blame

T’incense  his anger and disturb the peace

Of my poor house, where there are sentinels

That every minute watch to give alarms

Of  civil war, without  adjection 5

Of your assistance or  occasion.

WELLBRED

No harm done, brother, I warrant you; since there is no harm done.

Anger costs a man nothing; and a  tall man is never  his own man till he be

angry. To keep his  valour in obscurity is to keep himself, as it were, in a cloak-bag.

What’s a musician unless he play? What’s a tall man unless he fight? For, 10

indeed, all this my wise brother stands upon absolutely, and that made me

 fall in with him so resolutely.

DAME KITELY

Ay, but what harm might have come of it, brother!

WELLBRED

Might, sister? So might the good warm clothes your husband wears

 be poisoned, for anything he knows, or the wholesome wine he drunk even 15

now at the table –

KITELY

Now, God forbid! Oh, me, now I remember:

 My wife drunk to me last and changed the cup,

And bade me wear this cursèd suit today.

See if heav’n suffer murder undiscovered! – 20

I feel me ill. Give me some  mithridate;

Some mithridate and  oil, good sister, fetch me.

Oh, I am sick at heart! I burn, I burn.

If you will save my life, go fetch it me.

WELLBRED

Oh, strange humour! My very breath has poisoned him. 25

BRIDGET

[To Kitely] Good brother, be content. What do you mean?

The strength of these extreme conceits will kill you.

DAME KITELY

 Beshrew your heart-blood, brother Wellbred, now,

For putting such a toy into his head!

WELLBRED

Is  a fit simile a toy? Will he be poisoned with a simile? – Brother 30

Kitely, what a strange and idle imagination is this! For shame, be wiser. O’ my

soul, there’s no such matter.

KITELY

Am I not sick? How am I then not poisoned?

Am I not poisoned? How am I then so sick?

DAME KITELY

If you be sick, your own thoughts make you sick. 35

WELLBRED

His jealousy is the poison he has taken.

 [Enter] BRAINWORM. (He comes disguised like Justice Clement’s man.)

BRAINWORM

Master Kitely, my master, Justice Clement, salutes you and

desires to speak with you with all possible speed.

KITELY

No time but now? When, I think, I am sick? Very sick! Well, I will wait

upon His Worship. – Thomas! Cob! [Aside] I must seek them out and set ’em 40

sentinels till I return. – Thomas! Cob! Thomas!  [Exit.]

WELLBRED

[Conferring privately with Brainworm] This is perfectly rare, Brainworm.

But how got’st thou this apparel of the Justice’s man?

BRAINWORM

Marry, sir, my  proper fine penman would needs  bestow the grist

o’me at the Windmill, to hear some martial discourse, where  so I marshalled 45

him that  I made him drunk, with admiration. And because  too much heat was

the cause of his distemper, I stripped him stark naked, as he lay along asleep,

and borrowed his suit to deliver this counterfeit message in, leaving a rusty

armour and an old  brown bill to watch him till my return – which shall be

when I ha’ pawned his apparel and spent the better part o’the money, perhaps. 50

WELLBRED

Well, thou art a successful merry knave, Brainworm. His absence

will be a good subject for more mirth. I pray thee, return to thy young master

and will him to meet me and my sister Bridget at  the Tower instantly; for here,

tell him, the house is so   stored with jealousy there is no room for love to stand

upright in. We must get our fortunes committed to some larger prison, say; 55

and than the Tower, I know no better air, nor where the liberty of the house

may do us more present service. Away!  [Exit Brainworm.]

 [Enter KITELY and] CASH, [oblivious of the presence of Dame Kitely and Wellbred].

KITELY

Come hither, Thomas. Now my secret’s ripe,

And thou shalt have it.  Lay to both thine ears;

Hark what I say to thee. I must go forth, Thomas. 60

Be careful of thy promise. Keep good watch;

Note every gallant, and observe him well,

That enters in my absence to thy mistress.

If she would show him rooms,  the jest is stale.

Follow ’em, Thomas, or else hang on him, 65

And let him not go  after. Mark their looks;

Note if she offer but to see his  band

Or any other amorous toy about him,

But praise his leg or foot, or if she say

The day is hot, and bid him feel her hand, 70

How hot it is – oh, that’s a monstrous thing!

Note me all this, good Thomas; mark their sighs,

And if they do but whisper, break ’em off.

I’ll bear thee out in it. Wilt thou do this?

Wilt thou be true, my Thomas?

CASH

As truth’s self, sir. 75

KITELY

Why, I believe thee. Where is Cob, now? – Cob!  [Exit Kitely.]

DAME KITELY

He’s ever calling for Cob. I wonder how he employs Cob so.

WELLBRED

Indeed, sister, to ask how he employs Cob is a necessary question for

you that are his wife, and a thing not very easy for you to be satisfied in. But

this I’ll assure you: Cob’s wife is an excellent bawd, sister, and oftentimes your 80

husband  haunts her house – marry, to what end I cannot altogether accuse

him. Imagine you what you think convenient. But I have known fair hides have

foul hearts ere now, sister.

DAME KITELY

Never said you truer than that, brother; so much I can tell you

 for your learning. – Thomas, fetch your cloak and go with me; I’ll after him 85

presently.  I would to fortune I could take him there, i’faith! I’d return  him his

own, I warrant him.  [Exeunt Cash and Dame Kitely.]

WELLBRED

So, let ’em go; this may make sport anon. – Now, my fair sister-in-

law: that you but knew how happy a thing it were to be fair and beautiful!

BRIDGET

That touches not me, brother. 90

WELLBRED

That’s true; that’s even the fault of it. For, indeed, beauty stands a

woman in no stead  unless it procure her touching. But sister, whether it touch

you or no, it touches your beauties, and I am sure they will abide the touch. An

they do not, a plague of all  ceruse, say I! And it touches me too in part, though

not  in the –. Well, there’s a dear and respected friend of mine, sister, stands 95

very strongly and worthily affected toward you, and hath vowed to inflame

whole  bonfires of zeal at his heart in honour of your perfections. I have already

engaged my promise to bring you where you shall hear him confirm much

more. Ned Knowell is the man, sister.  There’s no exception against the party.

You are ripe for a husband, and  a minute’s loss to such an occasion is a great 100

trespass in a wise beauty. What say you, sister? On my soul, he loves you. Will

you give him the meeting?

BRIDGET

Faith, I had very little confidence in mine own constancy, brother, if

I durst not meet a man. But this motion of yours savours of an old knight–

adventurer’s servant a little too much, methinks. 105

WELLBRED

What’s that, sister?

BRIDGET

Marry, of the  squire.

WELLBRED

No matter if it did. I would be such an one for my friend. But

 see who is returned to hinder us!

 [Enter KITELY.]

KITELY

 What villainy is this? Called out on a false message? 110

This was some plot! I was not sent for. – Bridget,

Where’s your sister?

BRIDGET

I think she be gone forth, sir.

KITELY

How! Is my wife gone forth?  Whither, for God’s sake?

BRIDGET

She’s gone abroad with Thomas.

KITELY

Abroad with Thomas? Oh, that villain  dors me! 115

He hath discovered all unto my wife.

 Beast that I was, to trust him! Whither, I pray you,

Went she?

BRIDGET

I know not, sir.

WELLBRED

I’ll tell you, brother,

Whither I suspect she’s gone.

KITELY

Whither, good brother?

WELLBRED

To Cob’s house, I believe; but keep my counsel. 120

KITELY

I will, I will. To Cob’s house? Doth she  haunt Cob’s?

She’s gone o’purpose now to cuckold me

With that lewd rascal, who, to win her favour,

Hath told her all.  [Exit.]

WELLBRED

Come, he’s once more gone.

Sister, let’s  lose no time; th’affair is worth it. 125 [Exeunt.]

4.9      [Enter] MATTHEW [and] BOBADILL.

MATTHEW

I wonder, Captain, what they will say of my going away, ha?

BOBADILL

Why, what should they say, but as of a discreet gentleman, quick,

wary,  respectful of nature’s fair lineaments, and that’s all?

MATTHEW

Why, so, but what can they say of your beating?

BOBADILL

A  rude part, a touch with soft wood, a kind of gross battery used, laid 5

on strongly, borne most patiently, and that’s all.

MATTHEW

Ay, but would any man have offered it in  Venice, as you say?

BOBADILL

Tut, I assure you, no. You shall have there  your nobilis, your gentilezza,

come in bravely upon your  reverse, stand you close, stand you firm, stand you

fair, save your  retricato with his left leg, come to the  assalto with the right, 10

thrust with brave steel, defy your  base wood. But wherefore do I awake this

remembrance? I was  fascinated, by Jupiter, fascinated! But I will be  unwitched,

and revenged by law.

MATTHEW

Do you hear? Is’t not best to get a warrant, and have him arrested

and brought before Justice Clement? 15

BOBADILL

It were not amiss. Would we had it!

 [Enter] BRAINWORM [disguised as the Justice’s clerk, Formal].

MATTHEW

Why, here comes his man. Let’s speak to him.

BOBADILL

Agreed. Do you speak.

MATTHEW

[To Brainworm] Save you, sir.

BRAINWORM

With all my heart, sir. 20

MATTHEW

Sir, there is one Downright hath abused this gentleman and myself,

and we determine to make our amends by law. Now, if you would do us the

favour to procure a warrant to bring him afore your master, you shall be well

considered, I assure you, sir.

BRAINWORM

Sir, you know my service  is my living. Such favours as these gotten 25

of my master is his only preferment, and therefore you must consider me

as I may make benefit of my place.

MATTHEW

How is that, sir?

BRAINWORM

Faith, sir, the thing is extraordinary, and the gentleman may be

of great account . Yet, be what he will, if you will lay me down  a brace of angels 30

in my hand, you shall have it; otherwise, not.

[Matthew and Bobadill converse apart.]

MATTHEW

How shall we do, Captain? He asks for a brace of angels. You have no

money?

BOBADILL

Not a  cross,  by fortune.

MATTHEW

Nor I, as I am a gentleman, but two pence, left of my two shillings 35

in the morning for  wine and  radish. Let’s find him some pawn.

BOBADILL

Pawn? We have none to the value of his demand.

MATTHEW

Oh, yes, I’ll pawn this  jewel in my ear, and you may pawn your silk

stockings, and pull up your boots. They will ne’er be missed. It must be done

now. 40

BOBADILL

Well, an there be no remedy, I’ll step aside and pull ’em off.

[He takes off his stockings as Matthew removes his earring.]

MATTHEW

[To Brainworm] Do you hear, sir? We have no store of money at this

time, but you shall have good pawns – look you, sir, this jewel and that gentleman’s

silk stockings – because we would have it dispatched ere we went to our

chambers. 45

BRAINWORM

I am content, sir. I will get you the warrant presently. What’s his

name, say you? Downright?

MATTHEW

Ay, ay, George Downright.

BRAINWORM

What manner of man is he?

MATTHEW

A tall, big man, sir. He goes in a cloak most commonly of silk russet 50

laid about with russet lace.

BRAINWORM

’Tis very good, sir.

MATTHEW

Here, sir, here’s my  jewel.

BOBADILL

And here are stockings.

[They present their pawn.]

BRAINWORM

Well, gentlemen, I’ll procure you this warrant presently. But who 55

will you have to serve it?

MATTHEW

That’s true, Captain. That must be considered.

BOBADILL

Body o’me, I know not. ’Tis service of danger!

BRAINWORM

Why, you were best get one o’the varlets o’the city, a sergeant. I’ll

appoint you one, if you please. 60

MATTHEW

Will you, sir? Why, we can wish no better.

BOBADILL

We’ll leave it to you, sir.  [Exeunt Bobadill and Matthew.]

BRAINWORM

This is rare! Now will I go pawn this cloak of the Justice’s man at

the broker’s for a  varlet’s suit, and be the varlet myself, and get either more

pawns or more money of Downright for the arrest. 65 [Exit.]

4.10    [Enter] KNOWELL.

KNOWELL

Oh, here it is. I am glad I have found it now.

[He knocks] Ho! Who is within here?

[TIB opens the door a crack.]

TIB

I am within, sir. What’s your pleasure?

KNOWELL

To know who is within besides yourself.

TIB

Why, sir, you are no constable, I hope? 5

KNOWELL

Oh, fear you the constable? Then I doubt not

You have some guests within deserve that fear.

I’ll fetch him straight.

TIB

O’God’s name, sir!

KNOWELL

Go to. Come, tell me, is not young Knowell here?

TIB

Young Knowell? I know none such, sir, o’mine honesty. 10

KNOWELL

Your honesty? Dame, it flies too lightly from you.

There is no way but fetch the constable.

TIB

The constable? The man is mad, I think.

[She claps to the door. Knowell starts to leave.]

[Enter]  CASH [and] DAME KITELY. [Knowell stands aside, unobserved by them.]

CASH

Ho! Who keeps house here?

KNOWELL

[Aside] Oh, this is the  female copesmate of my  son. 15

Now shall I meet him straight.

DAME KITELY

Knock, Thomas, hard.

CASH

[Knocking] Ho, good wife!

TIB

[Within] Why, what’s the matter with you?

DAME KITELY

Why, woman, grieves it you to ope your door?

 Belike you get something to keep it shut.

 [Enter] TIB.

TIB

What mean these questions,  pray ye? 20

DAME KITELY

 So strange you make it? Is not my husband here?

KNOWELL

[Aside] Her husband?

DAME KITELY

My  tried husband, Master Kitely.

TIB

I hope he needs not to be  tried here.

DAME KITELY

No, dame, he does it not for need, but pleasure.

TIB

Neither for need nor pleasure is he here. 25

KNOWELL

[Aside] This is but a device to balk me withal.

Soft, who is this? ’Tis not my son, disguised?

[Enter] KITELY  [in his cloak]. She  [Dame Kitely] spies her husband come, and runs to him.

DAME KITELY

Oh, sir, have I forestalled your honest market?

Found your  close walks? You stand amazed now, do you?

I’faith, I am glad I have smoked you yet at last. 30

What is your jewel, trow? In, come, let’s see her.

[To Tib] Fetch forth your huswife, dame! [To Kitely] If she be fairer,

In any honest judgement, than myself,

I’ll be content with it. But she is  change,

She feeds you fat, she soothes your appetite, 35

And you are well? Your wife, an honest woman,

Is meat  twice sod to you, sir? Oh, you  treacher!

KNOWELL

[Aside] She cannot counterfeit  thus palpably.

KITELY

[To Dame Kitely] Out on thy more than strumpet’s impudence!

Steal’st thou thus to thy haunts? And have I taken 40

 Thy bawd and thee and thy companion,

 (Pointing to Old Knowell) This hoary-headed lecher, this old goat,

 Close at your villainy? And wouldst thou ’scuse it

With this stale harlot’s jest, accusing me?

 (To him) Oh, old incontinent, dost not thou shame, 45

When all thy   powers’ inchastity is spent,

To have a mind so hot, and to entice

And feed th’enticements of a lustful woman?

DAME KITELY

Out! I defy  thee, I, dissembling wretch!

KITELY

Defy me, strumpet?   (By Thomas.) Ask thy pander here. 50

Can he deny it? Or that wicked elder? [Indicating Knowell]

KNOWELL

Why, hear you,  sir –

KITELY

Tut, tut, tut, never speak.

Thy guilty conscience will discover thee.

KNOWELL

What lunacy is this that  haunts this man?

KITELY

[To Tib] Well, goodwife  B, A, D, Cob’s wife; [To Dame Kitely] and you, 55

That make your husband such a  hoddy-doddy;

[To Cash and Knowell] And you, young  apple-squire, and old cuckold- maker,

I’ll ha’ you every one before a justice.

Nay, you shall answer it. I charge you, go.

KNOWELL

Marry, with all my heart, sir; I go willingly, 60

Though I do  taste this as a trick put on me

To punish my impertinent search, and justly;

And half forgive my son for the device.

KITELY

[To Dame Kitely] Come, will you go?

DAME KITELY

Go? To thy shame, believe it.

 [Enter] COB.

COB

Why, what’s the matter here? What’s here to do? 65

KITELY

Oh, Cob, art thou come? I have been abused,

And i’thy house. Never was man so wronged!

COB

’Slid, in my house, my master Kitely? Who wrongs you in my house?

KITELY

Marry, young-lust-in-old  and old-in-young, here.

Thy wife’s their bawd; here have I taken ’em. 70

COB

How? Bawd? Is my house come to that?  Am I preferred thither?

 He falls upon his wife and beats her.

Did I charge you to keep your doors shut,  Is’bel? And do you let ’em lie open

for all comers?

KNOWELL

Friend, know some cause before thou beat’st thy wife;

This’s madness in thee.

COB

Why, is there no cause? 75

KITELY

Yes, I’ll show cause before the Justice, Cob.

Come, let her go with me.

COB

Nay, she shall go.

TIB

Nay, I will go. I’ll see an you may be allowed to make a bundle o’ hemp o’your

right and lawful wife thus, at every cuckoldly knave’s pleasure. Why do

you not go? 80

KITELY

A bitter  quean. Come, we’ll ha’ you tamed.  [Exeunt.]

4.11     [Enter] BRAINWORM [disguised as a city sergeant, with a staff of office].

BRAINWORM

Well, of all my disguises yet, now am I  most like myself, being in

this sergeant’s gown. A man of my present profession never counterfeits till

he lays hold upon a debtor and says he ’rests him, for then he brings him to

all manner of unrest. A kind of little kings we are, bearing the  diminutive of a

mace made like a young  artichoke that always carries pepper and salt in itself. 5

Well, I know not what danger I undergo by this exploit. Pray heaven I come

well  off.

 [Enter] MATTHEW [and] BOBADILL.

MATTHEW

See, I think yonder is the varlet, by his gown.

BOBADILL

Let’s go in quest of him.

MATTHEW

[To Brainworm] Save you, friend. Are not you here by appointment of 10

Justice Clement’s  man?

BRAINWORM

Yes, an’t please you, sir. He told me two gentlemen had willed

him to procure a warrant from his master, which I have about me, to be served

on one Downright.

MATTHEW

It is honestly done of you both. And see where the party comes you 15

must arrest. Serve it upon him quickly, afore he be aware –

 [Enter] STEPHEN [wearing Downright’s cloak].

BOBADILL

Bear back, Master Matthew!

BRAINWORM

[To Stephen] Master Downright, I arrest you i’ the Queen’s name,

and must carry you afore a justice by virtue of this warrant.

STEPHEN

Me, friend? I am no Downright, I. I am Master Stephen. You do not 20

well to arrest me, I tell you truly. I am in nobody’s bonds nor books, I would

you should know it. A plague on you heartily for making me thus afraid afore

my time!

BRAINWORM

Why,   how are you deceived, gentlemen!

BOBADILL

He wears such a cloak, and that deceived us. 25

 [Enter] DOWNRIGHT.

But see, here ’a comes indeed! This is he, officer.

DOWNRIGHT

[To Stephen] Why, how now, Signor Gull, are you   turned filcher of

late? Come, deliver my cloak.

STEPHEN

Your cloak, sir? I bought it even now, in open market.

BRAINWORM

Master Downright, I have a warrant I must serve upon you, 30

procured by these two gentlemen.

DOWNRIGHT

These gentlemen? These rascals!

BRAINWORM

Keep the peace, I charge you, in Her Majesty’s name.

DOWNRIGHT

I obey thee. What must I do, officer?

BRAINWORM

Go before Master Justice Clement, to answer what they can object 35

against you, sir. I will use you kindly, sir.

MATTHEW

Come, let’s before, and  make the Justice, Captain –

BOBADILL

The varlet’s a  tall man, afore heaven!  [Exeunt Bobadill and Matthew.]

DOWNRIGHT

[To Stephen] Gull, you’ll gi’ me my cloak?

STEPHEN

Sir, I bought it, and I’ll keep it. 40

DOWNRIGHT

You will?

STEPHEN

Ay, that I will.

DOWNRIGHT

[To Brainworm] Officer, there’s thy fee. Arrest him.

[He gives Brainworm money.]

BRAINWORM

Master Stephen, I must arrest you.

STEPHEN

Arrest me? I scorn it. There, take your cloak; I’ll none on’t. 45

DOWNRIGHT

Nay, that shall not serve your turn now, sir. – Officer, I’ll go with

thee to the Justice’s. Bring him along.

STEPHEN

Why, is not here your cloak? What would you have?

DOWNRIGHT

I’ll ha’ you answer it, sir.

BRAINWORM

Sir, I’ll take your word, and  this gentleman’s, too, for his 50

appearance.

DOWNRIGHT

I’ll ha’ no words taken. Bring him along.

BRAINWORM

Sir, I may choose to do that: I may take bail.

DOWNRIGHT

’Tis true, you may take bail and choose, at another time; but you

shall not now, varlet. Bring him along, or I’ll  swinge you. 55

BRAINWORM

Sir, I pity the gentleman’s case. Here’s your money again.

DOWNRIGHT

’Sdeynes, tell not me of my money. Bring him away, I say.

BRAINWORM

I warrant you, he will go with you of himself, sir.

DOWNRIGHT

Yet more ado?

BRAINWORM

[Aside] I have made a fair mash on’t. 60

STEPHEN

Must I go?

BRAINWORM

I know no remedy, Master Stephen.

DOWNRIGHT

[To Stephen] Come along afore me here. I  do not love your hanging

look behind.

STEPHEN

Why, sir, I hope you cannot hang me for it. – Can he, fellow? 65

BRAINWORM

I think not, sir. It is but a whipping matter, sure.

STEPHEN

Why, then, let him do his worst. I am resolute.  [Exeunt.]

5.1    [Enter] CLEMENT, KNOWELL, KITELY, DAME KITELY, TIB, CASH, COB, [and] SERVANTS [of Doctor Clement].

CLEMENT

Nay, but stay, stay. Give me leave. [To a Servant.] My chair, sirrah. – You,

Master Knowell, say you went thither to meet your son?

KNOWELL

Ay, sir.

CLEMENT

But who directed you thither?

KNOWELL

That did mine own man, sir. 5

CLEMENT

Where is he?

KNOWELL

 Nay, I know not, now. I left him with your clerk, and appointed him

to stay here for me.

CLEMENT

My clerk? About what time was this?

KNOWELL

Marry, between one and two, as I take it. 10

CLEMENT

And what time came my man with the false message to you, Master

Kitely?

KITELY

After two, sir.

CLEMENT

Very good. – But Mistress Kitely, how that you were at Cob’s? Ha?

DAME KITELY

An please you, sir, I’ll tell you. My brother Wellbred told me that 15

Cob’s house was a suspected place –

CLEMENT

So it appears, methinks. But on.

DAME KITELY

And that my husband  used thither daily.

CLEMENT

No matter, so he used himself well, mistress.

DAME KITELY

True, sir, but you know what grows by such haunts oftentimes. 20

CLEMENT

I see, rank fruits of a jealous brain, Mistress Kitely. But did you find

your husband there in that case, as you suspected?

KITELY

I found her there, sir.

CLEMENT

 Did you so? That alters the case. Who gave you knowledge of your

 wife’s being there? 25

KITELY

Marry, that did my brother Wellbred.

CLEMENT

How? Wellbred first tell her, then tell you after? Where is Wellbred?

KITELY

Gone with my sister, sir, I know not whither.

CLEMENT

Why, this is a mere trick, a device. You are gulled in this most grossly,

all. [To Tib] Alas, poor wench, wert thou beaten for this? 30

TIB

Yes, most pitifully, an’t please you.

COB

And worthily, I hope, if it shall  prove so.

CLEMENT

 Ay, that’s like, and a piece of a sentence.

 [Enter a] SERVANT [of Clement.]

How now, sir? What’s the matter?

SERVANT

Sir, there’s a gentleman i’the court without desires to speak with Your 35

Worship.

CLEMENT

A gentleman? What’s he?

SERVANT

A soldier, sir, he says.

CLEMENT

 A soldier? Take down my armour, my sword quickly! A soldier speak

with me? Why, when, knaves?  (He arms himself.) Come on, come on, hold my cap 40

there, so; give me my  gorget, my sword. [To Knowell, Kitely, Dame Kitely] Stand

by. I will end your matters anon. [To the Servant] Let the soldier enter.

[The Servant goes to the door.]

 [Enter] BOBADILL [and] MATTHEW [to them].

Now, sir, what ha’ you to say to me?

5.2  

BOBADILL

By Your Worship’s favour –

CLEMENT

[To Matthew] Nay, keep out, sir, I know not your  pretence. [To Bobadill]

You send me word, sir, you are a soldier; why, sir, you shall be answered here;

here be them have been amongst soldiers. Sir, your pleasure.

BOBADILL

Faith, sir, so it is: this gentleman and myself have been most 5

uncivilly wronged and beaten by one Downright, a  coarse fellow about the

town here. And for mine own part, I protest, being a man in no sort given to

this filthy humour of quarrelling, he hath assaulted me in the way of my peace,

despoiled me of mine honour, disarmed me of my weapons, and rudely  laid

me along in the open streets, when I not so much as once offered to resist him. 10

CLEMENT

Oh, God’s precious! Is this the soldier? [To his Servant] Here, take my

armour  off quickly; ’twill make him swoon, I fear. He is not fit to look on’t,

that will  put up a blow.

MATTHEW

An’t please Your Worship, he was bound to the peace.

CLEMENT

Why, an he were, sir, his hands were not bound, were they? 15

 [Enter a SERVANT.]

SERVANT

There’s one of the varlets of the city, sir, has brought two gentlemen

here, one upon Your Worship’s warrant.

CLEMENT

My warrant?

SERVANT

Yes, sir. The officer says, procured by these two.

CLEMENT

Bid him come in. Set by this  picture. 20

[Bobadill is led aside; a Servant goes to the door.]

 [Enter to them] DOWNRIGHT [and] STEPHEN, [with] BRAINWORM [disguised as an arresting sergeant].

What, Master Downright! Are you brought at Master  Freshwater’s suit here?

5.3  

DOWNRIGHT

I’faith, sir. And here’s another brought at my suit.

CLEMENT

[To Stephen] What are you, sir?

STEPHEN

A gentleman,  sir. [Seeing Knowell] Oh, uncle!

CLEMENT

Uncle? Who? Master Knowell?

KNOWELL

Ay, sir. This is a wise kinsman of mine. 5

STEPHEN

God’s my witness, uncle, I am wronged here monstrously! He charges

me with stealing of his cloak, and would I might never stir if I did not find it

in the street by chance.

DOWNRIGHT

Oh, did you find it, now? You said you bought it, erewhile.

STEPHEN

And you said I stole it. Nay, now my uncle is here I’ll do well enough 10

with you.

CLEMENT

Well, let this  breathe a while. [To Bobadill] You that have cause to

complain there, stand forth. Had you my warrant for this gentleman’s

apprehension?

BOBADILL

Ay, an’t please Your Worship. 15

CLEMENT

Nay, do not speak in passion so. Where had you it?

BOBADILL

Of your clerk, sir.

CLEMENT

That’s well, an my clerk can make warrants and my hand not at ’em!

Where is the warrant? Officer, have you it?

BRAINWORM

No, sir, Your Worship’s man, Master Formal, bid me do it for 20

these gentlemen, and he would be my  discharge.

CLEMENT

Why, Master Downright, are you such a novice to be served and never

see the warrant?

DOWNRIGHT

Sir, he did not serve it on me.

CLEMENT

No? How then? 25

DOWNRIGHT

Marry, sir, he came to me and said he must serve it, and he would

use me kindly, and so –

CLEMENT

Oh, God’s pity, was it so, sir? He must serve it? [To a Servant] Give me

my long-sword there, and help me off , so. – Come on, sir varlet.

[Brainworm kneels.]  (He [Justice Clement] flourishes over him with his long-sword.)

 I must cut off your legs, sirrah. Nay, stand up; I’ll use you kindly. I must cut off 30

your legs, I say.

BRAINWORM

Oh, good sir, I beseech you! Nay, good Master Justice!

CLEMENT

I must do it; there is no remedy. I must cut off your legs, sirrah; I must

cut off your ears, you rascal, I must do it. I must cut off your nose; I must cut

off your head. 35

BRAINWORM

Oh, good Your Worship!

CLEMENT

Well, rise. [Brainworm rises.] How dost thou do now? Dost thou feel

thyself well? Hast thou no harm?

BRAINWORM

No, I thank Your good Worship, sir.

CLEMENT

Why, so! I said I must cut off thy legs, and I must cut off thy arms, 40

and I must cut off thy head, but I did not do it. So you said you must serve this

gentleman with my warrant, but you did not serve him. You knave, you slave,

you rogue, do you say you must? [To a Servant] Sirrah, away with him to the jail!

[To Brainworm] I’ll teach you a trick for your ‘must’, sir.

BRAINWORM

Good sir, I beseech you, be good to me. 45

CLEMENT

[to Servant] Tell him he shall to the jail. Away with him, I say!

BRAINWORM

Nay, sir, if you will commit me, it shall be for committing more

than this. I will not  lose, by my travail, any grain of my fame, certain.

[He throws off his disguise.]

CLEMENT

How is this?

KNOWELL

My man Brainworm! 50

STEPHEN

Oh, yes, uncle. Brainworm has been with my cousin Edward and I all

this day.

CLEMENT

I told you all there was some device.

BRAINWORM

 Nay, excellent Justice, since I have laid myself thus open to you,

now stand strong for me, both with your sword and your balance. 55

CLEMENT

Body o’me, a merry knave! Give me a bowl of sack. [A Servant brings him drink.]

If he belong to you, Master Knowell, I bespeak your patience.

BRAINWORM

That is it I have most need of. [To Knowell] Sir, if you’ll  pardon me

only,  I’ll glory in all the rest of my exploits.

KNOWELL

Sir,  you know I love not to have my favours come hard from me. You 60

have your pardon – though I suspect you  shrewdly for being  of counsel with

my son against me.

BRAINWORM

Yes, faith, I have, sir; though you  retained me doubly this

morning for yourself: first, as Brainworm, after, as Fitzsword. I was your

 reformed soldier, sir. ’Twas I sent you to Cob’s, upon the errand  without end. 65

KNOWELL

Is it possible? Or that thou shouldst disguise thy language so as I

should not know thee?

BRAINWORM

Oh, sir, this has been the day of my metamorphosis!  It is not that

shape alone that I have run through today. I brought this gentleman, Master

Kitely, a message, too, in the form of Master Justice’s man here, to draw him 70

out o’the way, as well as Your Worship, while Master Wellbred might make a

conveyance of Mistress Bridget to my young master.

KITELY

How! My sister stol’n away?

KNOWELL

My son is not married, I hope!

BRAINWORM

Faith, sir, they are both as  sure as love, a priest, and three thousand 75

pound (which is her portion) can make ’em; and by this time are ready

to bespeak their wedding supper at the Windmill, except some friend here

 prevent ’em and invite ’em home.

CLEMENT

Marry, that will I; I thank thee for putting me in mind on’t.

[To a Servant] Sirrah, go you and fetch ’em hither, upon my warrant. 80 [Exit Servant.]

Neither’s  friends have cause to be sorry, if I know the young couple aright.

[To Brainworm] Here, I drink to thee for thy good news. But, I pray thee, what hast

thou done with my man Formal?

BRAINWORM

Faith, sir, after some ceremony  passed, as making him drunk,

first with story, and then with wine, but all in kindness, and stripping him 85

to his shirt, I left him in that cool vein, departed, sold Your Worship’s warrant

to these two [Indicating Bobadill and Matthew], pawned his livery for that

varlet’s gown to serve it in, and thus have brought myself, by my activity, to Your

Worship’s consideration.

CLEMENT

And I will consider thee, in another cup of sack. Here’s to thee, 90

which, having drunk off, this is my sentence. [He drinks.] Pledge me: Thou hast

done or assisted to nothing, in my judgement, but deserves to be pardoned

for the wit o’the offence. If thy master, or any man here, be angry with thee,

I shall suspect his  ingine while I know him for’t. [A noise is heard.] How now?

What noise is that? 95

 [Enter a SERVANT.]

SERVANT

Sir, it is Roger is come home.

CLEMENT

Bring him in, bring him in.

 FORMAL [is brought in] to them.

What, drunk in arms, against me? Your reason, your reason for this?

5.4  

FORMAL

I  beseech Your Worship to pardon me. I happened into ill company by

chance that cast me into a sleep and stripped me of all my clothes –

CLEMENT

 Well, tell him I am Justice Clement, and do pardon him. But  what is

this to your armour? What may that signify?

FORMAL

An’t please you, sir, it hung up i’the room where I was stripped, and I 5

borrowed it of one o’the  drawers to come home in, because I was loath to  do

penance through the street i’my shirt.

CLEMENT

Well, stand by awhile.

 [Enter] EDWARD KNOWELL, WELLBRED, [and] BRIDGET to them.

Who be these? Oh, the young company. [To them] Welcome, welcome!  Gi’ you

joy. Nay, Mistress Bridget, blush not; you are not so fresh a bride but the news 10

of it is come hither afore you. Master Bridegroom, I ha’  made your peace;

give me your hand. So will I for all the rest, ere you forsake my roof.

5.5  

EDWARD KNOWELL

We are the more bound to your humanity, sir.

CLEMENT

Only these two [Indicating Bobadill and Matthew] have so little of man

in ’em, they are no part of my care.

WELLBRED

Yes, sir, let me pray you for this gentleman [Indicating Matthew]; he

belongs to my sister, the bride. 5

CLEMENT

In what  place, sir?

WELLBRED

Of her delight, sir,   below the stairs and in public: her poet, sir.

CLEMENT

A poet? I will challenge him myself presently, at extempore:

Mount up thy  Phlegon muse, and testify

How Saturn, sitting in an  ebon cloud, 10

Disrobed his podex, white as ivory, 

And through the welkin thundered all aloud.

WELLBRED

He is not for extempore, sir.  He is all for the pocket muse; please

you command a sight of it.

CLEMENT

Yes, yes, search  him for a taste of his vein. 15

WELLBRED

[To Matthew] You must not deny the Queen’s justice, sir,  under a writ

o’ rebellion.

[They search Matthew’s pockets.]

CLEMENT

What, all this verse? Body o’me, he carries a whole   ream, a commonwealth

of paper, in’s  hose! Let’s see some of his  subjects.

[He reads.] Unto the boundless ocean of thy face  20

Runs this poor river, charged with streams of eyes.

How? This is stol’n!

EDWARD KNOWELL

 A parody! A parody! With a kind of miraculous gift to

make it absurder than it was.

CLEMENT

Is all the rest  of this batch? Bring me a torch; lay it together, and 25

give fire.  Cleanse the air. Here was enough to have infected the whole city, if it

had not been taken in time! [The poems are burnt.] See, see, how our poet’s glory

shines! Brighter and brighter! Still it increases! Oh, now it’s at the highest; and

now it declines as fast. You may see:  Sic transit gloria mundi.

KNOWELL

There’s an emblem for you, son, and your studies! 30

CLEMENT

Nay, no speech or act of mine be  drawn against such as profess it

worthily.  They are not born every year, as an alderman. There goes more to the

making of a good poet than a sheriff, Master Kitely. You look upon me! Though

I live i’the city here amongst you, I will do more reverence to him, when I meet

him, than I will to the  mayor,  out of his year. But these paper-pedlars! These 35

ink-dabblers!  They cannot expect reprehension or reproach. They have it with

the fact.

EDWARD KNOWELL

 Sir, you have saved me the labour of a defence.

CLEMENT

It shall be discourse for supper between your father and me, if he

dare undertake me. But to dispatch away these. [To Bobadill and Matthew] You 40

 sign o’the soldier, and picture o’the poet – but both so false I will not ha’ you

hanged out at my door  till midnight – while we are at supper, you two shall

penitently fast it out in my court without; and, if you will, you may pray there

that we may be so merry within as to forgive or forget you when we come out.

[Indicating Formal] Here’s a third, because we tender your safety, shall watch 45

you; he is provided for the purpose. [To Formal] Look to your charge, sir. 

STEPHEN

And what shall I do?

CLEMENT

Oh, I had lost a sheep an he had not bleated! – Why, sir, you shall give

Master Downright his cloak; and I will entreat him to take it. A  trencher and a

napkin you shall have i’the  buttery, and  keep Cob and his wife company here; 50

whom I will entreat first to be reconciled, and you to endeavour with your wit

to keep ’em so.

STEPHEN

I’ll do my best.

COB

 Why, now I see thou art honest, Tib, I receive thee as my dear and  mortal

wife again. 55

TIB

And I you, as my loving and obedient husband.

CLEMENT

Good  complement! It will be their bridal night, too. They are

married anew. Come, I conjure the rest to put off  all discontent. You, Master Down-right,

your anger; you, Master Knowell, your cares; Master Kitely and his wife,

their jealousy. 60

For, I must tell you both, while that is fed,

Horns i’the mind are worse than o’the head.

KITELY

Sir, thus they go from me. – Kiss me, sweetheart.

[He kisses his wife.]

See, what a drove of horns fly in the air,

 Winged with my cleansèd and my credulous breath! 65

Watch ’em, suspicious eyes, watch where they fall:

See, see, on heads that think  they’ve none at all!

Oh, what a plenteous world of this will come!

When air rains horns, all may be sure of  some. –

 I ha’ learned so much verse out of a jealous man’s part in a play. 70

CLEMENT

’Tis well, ’tis well! This night we’ll dedicate to friendship, love, and

laughter. Master Bridegroom, take your bride and lead;  every one, a fellow.

 Here is my mistress: Brainworm! To whom all my addresses of courtship shall

have their reference. Whose adventures this day, when our grandchildren

shall hear to be made a fable, I doubt not but it shall find both spectators and 75

 applause. [Exeunt.]


THE END


This comedy was first

acted in the year

1598 80

by the then Lord Chamberlain

His Servants.

The principal comedians were:

 William Shakespeare  Richard Burbadge

 Augustine Phillips  John Heminges 85

 Henry Condell  Thomas pope

 William Sly  Christopher Beeston

 William Kempe  John Duke

With the allowance of the Master of Revels.

5 A Comœdie F1’s preserves Jonson’s presumed preference for an English spelling close to the Latin ‘comoedia’.
11 Haud . . . pascunt Juvenal, Satires, 7.93: ‘You need hardly feel envious towards the poet who gains his living from the stage.’ A shortened version of the epigraph on the title-page of EMI (Q), hereafter abbreviated as ‘Q’.
13 William Stansby A London printer, 1572–1638, who also printed Thomas Shelton’s English translation of Cervantes’s Don Quixote in 1612, an undated fourth quorto of Hamlet, c. 1630, a second quarto of Lll in 1631, and Six Court Comedies of John Lyly in 1632.
4 Master Camden William Camden (1551–1623), English antiquary and historian of international renown, author of Britannia (1586) on customs and antiquities, and Annales (1615, 1627), a history of Queen Elizabeth I’s reign. Jonson studied at Camden’s Westminster School. In 1601 he inserted in a gift-copy of the first quarto of Cynthia a special dedication to Camden, describing himself as Alumnus olim, aeternum amicus (‘a pupil once, a friend for ever’). Jonson included a further tribute to Camden as his ‘most reverent head’ in Epigr. 14, quotes him as an authority in Haddington, and offers still more extensive praise in King’s Ent.
2 Clarenceux Camden was appointed to the Herald’s College as its second highest officer, Clarenceux King-of-Arms, in 1597, with heraldic jurisdiction over England south of the River Trent. The title is from the Latin Clarentia, meaning ‘the Dukedom of Clarence’ (DNB). The College of Arms, or Herald’s College, records proved pedigrees and grants armorial bearings.
2 Clarenceux] F1 state 2 (Clarentiavx); missing in some copies representing state 1
2 a supercilious race i.e. those who decry poets and poetry.
3 office service, duty – the sense of the Lat. officium (Miola).
3 in this kind i.e. in the dedication of a work of art.
3 solemn punctiliously observed.
4 professors those who profess allegiance to, and practise, poetry (OED, 3).
5 leave neglect.
6 suffer . . . age allow the benefits I received in my education to be forgotten. (Hence the present dedication.)
7 had . . . first if the taste of the times had combined with my own natural disposition to produce a different or better work, you would still have received the same sort of grateful dedication. (‘Favour’ (7) means partiality, disposition; indulgence, permission; look, aspect.)
9 the fruits, the first first fruits – as though this play, the first in the folio volume, were a kind of votive offering.
15 Ben Jonson] F1 (Ben. Ionson)
The Persons of the Play ] in two columnns in F1; kitely heads the right-hand column
2 EDWARD] F1 (Ed.)
3 BRAINWORM The name suggests one who can cleverly worm his way into favour; cf. 2.4.8, ‘insinuate’.
4 MASTER] (Mr.) ‘Mr.’ is employed occasionally throughout as an abbreviation for ‘Master’
4 gull credulous fool. Literally, a stupid bird.
5 DOWNRIGHT Clement Robinson’s A Handful of Pleasant Delights (1575, 1584), ed. Edward Arber (1880), 7, 30, mentions an old tune, ‘Downright Squire’ (cited by H&S, 9.342).
5 squire country gentleman, landed proprietor.
7 JUSTICE] F1 (Ivst.)
11 MISTRESS] F1 (Mrs.)
12 MASTER] F1 (Mr.)
14 COB See Q, ‘The Number and Names of the Actors’, 15, for the derivation and meanings of this name.
14 a waterbearer One who provided water to London houses.
15 TIB See Q, ‘The Number and Names of the Actors’, 16, for the associations of this name with lower-class women.
16 CAPTAIN] F1 (Cap.)
16 BOBADILL See Q, The Number and Names of the Actors, 13, for the name’s origin.
16 a Paul’s man One who could readily be found in the middle aisle of St Paul’s Cathedral, notorious as a meeting place for loiterers, gallants, moneylenders, and the like. Cf. EMO, 3, scenes 1–6.
18 THE SCENE: LONDON Epicene (1609–10) is Jonson’s first play explicitly located in London, followed by Alch. in 1610 (Prologue, 5: ‘Our scene is London’), followed by Bart. Fair (1614), and, at some time as late as 1616, by this folio revision of EMI. EMO (1599) is implicitly set in London, with Act 3 located in St Paul’s.
Prologue 3–6 Yet our poet, Jonson, has not found himself financially obliged to cater to the age’s bad taste in theatre, or to incur self-hatred by such toadying to popular opinion.
3 stage] F1 state 1; stage, state 2
7–9 To . . . years Sir Philip Sidney, in his Defence of Poesy (1595), deplores how ‘ordinary’ it is in romantic plays of the period ‘that two young princes fall in love, after many traverses she is got with child, delivered of a fair boy; he is lost, groweth a man, falleth in love, and is ready to get another child, and all this in two hours’ space’. Earlier, in 1578, George Whetstone similarly observed how ‘in three hours runs he through the world, marries, gets children, makes children men, men to conquer kingdoms’, etc. (Epistle to Promos and Cassandra, 1578; cited by H&S, 344). Jonson may have had Shakespeare’s WT in mind when he wrote this Prologue. He returns to this complaint in Mag. Lady, Chorus 1, 12–19. Jackson cites a close parallel in Shelton’s translation of Don Quixote (1612), 1.4.21.
7 now just now.
7 proceed go on to become. The word has the connotation of advancing to a university degree.
9 three rusty swords Sidney’s Defence takes aim at ‘Two armies . . . represented with four swords and bucklers’. The Chorus to Act 4 of Shakespeare’s H5 apologizes for the ‘disgrace’ of representing ‘The name of Agincourt’ with ‘four or five most vile and ragged foils, / Right ill-disposed in brawl ridiculous’ (49–52).
10 foot-and-half-foot words A rendition of Horace, Ars Poetica, 97: ampullas et sesquipedalia verba, i.e. polysyllables, occupying several metrical feet, freely translated by Jonson in ‘Horace His Art of Poetry’ (1604) as ‘Their bombard-phrase and foot-and-half-foot words’ (138).
11 This must have been seen as, in part at least, a satire of Shakespeare’s historical plays about the Wars of the Roses, though not limited to them. ‘Jars’ are quarrels, discords.
12 i.e. And in the actors’ dressing area backstage use cosmetics to create wound-like scars; or, through an implausible lapsing of time, convert the wounds of battle into the scars of a military veteran like Pistol in Henry V. Cf. Brainworm’s feigned scars at 2.4.55–7.
15 The Chorus in H5 repeatedly conveys the audience to France and back again (2.0.36–40, 5.0.6–45). Similar journeys are to be found in Thomas Heywood, The Four Prentices of London (1592–c. 1600), and Anthony Nixon, The Travels of the Three English Brothers (1607); see Chambers, ES, 3.117–18. The inept critic Mitis, in the Induction to EMO, 281–3, wonders why the setting of that play is restricted to the ‘fortunate island’ while in other plays ‘we see so many seas, countries, and kingdoms passed over with such admirable dexterity’.
16 creaking throne Examples include the B-text of Marlowe’s Doctor Faustus, 5.2.110–20, Lodge and Greene’s A Looking-Glass for London and England (1587–91), Greene’s Alphonsus, King of Aragon (1587–8), where it is optional, and Shakespeare’s Cym., 5.3.156 (c. 1608–10) and Temp., 4.1.72–101 (c. 1611).
17 squib firework usually consisting of a ball or tube stuffed with gunpowder, fired off swiftly and exploding like a rocket; used to create the effect of lightning and supernatural effects, occurring as early as The Castle of Perseverance (c. 1405–25) and John Heywood’s A Play of Love (‘Here the Vice cometh in running suddenly about the place among the audience with a huge copin tank on his head full of squibs fired,’ 1533–4). Thomas Heywood’s Golden, Silver, and Brazen Ages (1610–13) are full of pyrotechnics; see Chambers, ES, 3.109–10, and Butterworth (1998), 23–5 and passim.
18 bullet cannonball, rolled along the floor backstage to produce the sound of thunder. Note, however, that the word is used at 1.5.134 (1.3.186 in Q) to describe what is shot from a pistol.
21–4 This neoclassical definition of comedy owes much to Cicero’s well-known pronouncement that ‘Comedy is an imitation of life, a mirror of custom, an image of truth’ (imitatio vitae, speculum consuetudinis, imago veritatis), quoted also admiringly in EMO, 3.1.415–16, and in Sidney’s Defence; and to Aristotle’s Poetics, 5.1: ‘Comedy . . . is a representation of inferior people, not indeed in the full sense of the word “bad”, but the laughable is a species of the base or ugly. It consists in some blunder or ugliness that does not cause pain or disaster’ (μίμησισ φαυλοτέρων μέν, οὐ μέντοι κατὰ πᾶσαν κακίαν). Aristotle regards the ridiculous as appropriate for comedy, whereas crimes call for tragedy.
24 human] F1 (humane)
25–6 i.e. Unless we turn follies into actual crimes by flattery and encouraging common and vulgar misconceptions, even though we know how pernicious they are. F1’s ‘’hem’ (25) is a form derived from Old English, not a contraction of ‘them’, but was eventually replaced by ‘’em’ or ‘them’ (Seymour-Smith).
25 ’em] F1 (’hem)
26 they’re] F1 (th’are)
30 i.e. That you who have applauded unnatural characters in other writers’ plays (such as Caliban in Temp.) may learn to appreciate my portraits of believable human types. Cf. Bart. Fair, Ind., 95–6: ‘If there be never a servant-monster i’the Fair, who can help it? he says.’ The word ‘monster’ recurs in EMI (F), hereafter abbreviated as ‘F1’, at 1.3.97, 3.4.15, and 3.6.50.
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Lorenzo di Pazzi Senior, Musco); Kno’well, Brayne-worme, Mr stephen F1
1.1 ] F1 (Act Ⅰ. Scene Ⅰ.)
1.1 Located in or very near to Hoxton (see 1.2.64n.), not far to the north of London’s ancient walls. Scenes 1–3 in the F1 text take place here.
1–2 ] lineation as in Lever; one line in F1
6 be at F1’s ‘be’at’ indicates light pronunciation of the vowel to facilitate scansion. Cf. also 1.2.2 (do’ not), 1.2.90 (I’had), 2.3.68 (miserie’ is), 3.3.40 (Carry’in), and 3.3.50 (my’ imaginations).
6 be at] F1 (be’at)
6 Well Very good.
6 SD] Q, subst. (Exit Musco); not in F1
8 practice device.
11 liberal generous and humane, but also licentious.
11 fame reputation.
12 account] F1 (accompt)
12 both our universities Oxford and Cambridge, which Jonson also addressed in the epistle to Volp. (1607). Cf. Informations, 252–3: ‘He was Master of Arts in both the universities, by their favour, not his study.’ Yet the date at which the conferrals occurred is uncertain; Jonson was not formally inducted into his Oxford MA until after his return from Scotland (17 July 1619), well after the publication of F1, and there is no record of a Cambridge induction.
13 graces (1) degrees (OED, 9); (2) dispensation from some statutory requirements for the degree.
14 spring generate, produce. Substituting for Q’s ‘breed’.
15 fond foolish. Substituting for Q’s ‘fast’.
16–24 This expanded version of Q (1.1.16–21) highlights Jonson’s sardonic dismay at the low status of poets and humanists in the London of his day. Jonson’s model for 16–21 is Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy, 4.1.68–71: ‘When I was young, I gave my mind / And plied myself to fruitless poetry, / Which, though it profit the professor naught, / Yet is it passing pleasing to the world.’ Jonson reiterates this concern in Informations, 493–4, and Discoveries, 450–8.
18 naught] F1 (nought)
20 professors See the dedication to Camden, 4.
24 vain Jonson’s reiteration of this term in the F1 revision (see line 9) underscores his sensitivity to the charge that poetry is vain’, i.e. unproductive, ‘idle’ (18), and frivolous. The opposition to ‘useful’ bespeaks a poetic impatience with the utilitarian idea that poetry serves no functional purpose. The distinction between vain and useful learning recalls Francis Bacon’s The Advancement of Learning (1605).
24 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Stephano), at 22; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
24 Cousin Any close relative.
24 Cousin] F1 (Cossin); and elsewhere; also spelled cosen, coussen, and cossen
27 coz cousin.
27 coz] F1 (cousse); and elsewhere, as at 30 and at 1.3.60, 63, 69, 73, 77, and 80; also couss (92, 98, 104); and couz (1.3.95)
28–9 ] as prose, Lever; as verse (I, I know . . . else. / How . . . vncle?’), F1
28 ha’ F1 often introduces such contractions for colloquial effect.
28 do A colloquialism, replacing Q’s more conventional ‘doth’, with perhaps a rustic effect here, though common enough as a contraction. Cf. EMO, Ind., 308 and 2.2.287, and Case, 2.6.25.
31 e’er] F1 (ere)
31–2 a book . . . hunting For examples of the sorts of books Stephen might have consulted, see Q, 1.1.28–9n.
33 St Mark’s day, 25 April, the day after that on which the play is imagined to take place (see 3.1.92 below), is after the hawking season.
34 wusse assuredly. A rustic colloquialism.
35 hood Used to blindfold a falcon as a means of quieting and taming it. Jonson adds this item to Q’s shorter inventory of hawking gear.
39 They . . . Latin Jonson adds this observation to Q to satirize the absurdity of thirsting for the ‘sciences’ and ‘languages’ (32, 38) of hawking and hunting instead of the seven liberal arts. Humanists often complained of the indifference to learning of too many landed aristocrats and gentry. Cf. Und. 44.70–2: ‘What need we know, / More than to praise a dog, or horse, or speak / The hawking language?’ and J. Stephens, Satirical Essays (1615), 257–8, ‘A Falconer’: ‘All his learning makes him but a new linguist; for to have studied and practised the terms of Hawkes’ Dictionary is enough to excuse his wit, manners, and humanity’ (cited by H&S, 9.348). Jonson’s own appreciation for hawking itself is manifest in Epigr. 85.
40 gad’s lid A euphemism for ‘God’s eyelid’, replacing Q’s ‘Gods will’. Cf. 3.2.11, where ‘God’s will’ replaces Q’s ‘Gods lid’.
41 humdrum. Hang ’em, scroyles! There’s] F1 (hum-drum, hang’hem scroyles, there’s)
41 humdrum boorish fellow.
41 scroyles scoundrels.
42–4 Hoxton . . . Ponds Places near London, to the north, now subsumed into the metropolitan area but part of the suburban countryside at that time. Hoxton Field was a favourite holiday retreat; Finsbury Fields had been set aside since 1498 for archery practice and was still an important part of the civic culture (see John Stow, Survey of London, 1603, 430); Islington was known for its ducking ponds, where citizens could hunt for ducks with the help of water-spaniels. See Chalfant (1978), 78–9, 96, 107–10. The Roaring Girl, 2.1, and Brome’s The Damoiselle, 2.1, give humorous depictions of ‘the bravest sport at Parlous Pond’. On F1’s spelling, ‘Hogsden’, see 1.2.64n.
42 Hoxton] F1 (Hogsden)
44 ’Slid By God’s eyelid.
44 mun must. A northern and Midlands form, here replacing Q’s less colourful ‘must’ to produce a rustic effect. Cf. Alch., 5.5.129, where the speaker is another country cousin, Kastril.
47 coxcomb conceited fool, fop.
50 enough] F1 (enow)
52 kite A lesser kind of hawk, much like ‘buzzard’ in Q. Cf. Pistol’s ‘lazar kite of Cressid’s kind’ (H5, 2.1.61).
54 comely becoming, decorous. (Said ironically; a substitute for Q’s ‘brave’.)
61 bauble trifle. F1’s ‘bable’ is the older form, found also in Volp., 1.2.73, modernized to ‘bauble’.
61 bauble] F1 (bable)
66 your rank your position in that society. Equivalent to Q’s ‘the place’.
67 respectless . . . courses reckless in his behaviour.
68 at cheap market Cf. Q, ‘vile and cheap’, 1.1.62.
70 flashing bravery showy finery.
70 lest] F1 (least)
70 affect (1) seek, profess; (2) ostentatiously undertake; (3) pretend (OED, v.1 1, 5, 6). A substitute for Q’s ‘pretend’.
71 blaze of gentry dazzling display as a gentleman. See Q, 1.1.65n.
73 snuff candle end or wick.
75–82 An expanded version of Q, based on Seneca and Juvenal. See Q, 1.1.69–73n.
75 contain yourself Cf. EMI (Q), 1.1.95.
82 Except Unless.
0 SD] Q , subst.; Servant, Mr. Stephen, Kno’well, / Brayne-Worme F1
1.2 ] F1 (Act. Ⅰ. Scene Ⅱ.)
1.2 The scene continues.
1 Save you A euphemism for Q’s ‘God save you.’
2 do not F1’s ‘do’ not’ suggests an informal shortening. Some editors modernize as ‘don’t’. Cf. 1.1.6n.
2 do not] F1 (do’ not)
5–6 die, as . . . will. I] F1 (die (as there’s hope he will) I)
8 In good time i.e. Indeed.
9 in very] F1 state 2; in a very state 1
12 You . . . best You’d better not. An old impersonal idiom (see Abbott, §352), added here in F1 to give a rustic colloquialism to Stephen’s speech.
12 them those who. A seemingly rustic locution that is, however, used by Justice Clement at 5.2.4 in F1 and at 5.3.44 in Q.
18 good . . . companion you impudent fellow. On the transposition of the possessive adjective ‘my’, see Abbott, §13 and Ham., 1.3.46: ‘Good my brother’.
22 mechanical engaged in man-ual occupation.
22 cudgel Often a sign of rusticity; cf. the disguised Edgar with his ‘ballow’ or cudgel in Lear, 4.5.232. This F1 revision anticipates a contrast between Stephen and Bobadill, whose weapon is more genteel.
23 for shame i.e. the disgrace of fighting with someone of lower rank.
24 peremptory utter, as at 1.5.68 and Q, 1.1.93n.
24 gull A substitution of roughly equivalent meaning for Q’s ‘ass’ (1.1.93). Cf. Persons of the Play, 4n.
26 honest man F1’s substitution for Q’s ‘gentleman’ (1.1.95) better suits the rank of the servant. Cf. F1’s similar substitution in 49 of ‘honest friend’ for Q’s ‘gentleman’ (120).
26 demeans conducts; humbles.
27 towards] F1 (to’ards)
28 unseasoned uncalled for; immature.
29 huff it bluster, swagger, act in a ‘huff’.
30 wit common sense (OED, 3).
32 interest in claim on.
32 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Steph.); not in F1
34 marry] F1 (marie) (and elsewhere, also spelled Mary)
39 i'the city i.e. central London, especially within its ancient walls.
41 remember your court’sy i.e. put on your hat; see 43 below.
42 selected F1’s substitution for Q’s ‘elected’, 1.1.110.
47 Old Jewry A city street extending north from Poultry to Gresham Street, named for the Jewish merchants who had lived there before the expulsion of the Jews from England in 1290–1, thereafter occupied by prosperous City merchants (Chalfant, 1978, 134).
48 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Musco), preceding You say very true; not in F1
50 SD.2] Q , subst. (Exeunt); not in F1.
57 answer correspond to.
60 SD the letter] in right margin in F
61 Jews A term of abuse. See Benedick in Ado, 2.3.212: ‘If I do not love her I am a Jew.’ See also Shapiro (1996).
62 frippery (1) (tawdry) finery in dress; (2) second-hand clothes shop (of the sort that might be owned by the Jewish merchants fancifully imagined by Wellbred to be still there, though for the most part they had been expelled from England; see 47n. above). Cf. Epigr. 56.2, ‘the frippery of wit’.
62–3 change . . . with us i.e. (1) change our clothes for something informal and comfortable; (2) exchange the company of your old father for a woman who is free of venereal disease.
63 Hoxton] F1 (Hogs-den)
64 hogs’ flesh A forbidden food in the Mosaic Law (Leviticus 2.7). No doubt plenty of hogs were raised in Hoxton, as the F1 spelling of the name (‘Hogs-den’) suggests. Modern spelling loses some of the wordplay. Wellbred’s comment implies that the Knowell house is in or very near Hoxton; he hopes the distance can be closed between Hoxton and Old Jewry by a visit from young Knowell.
67 coddling parboiling, stewing (with a pun on ‘codling’ as slang for the scrotum and on ‘cuddling’ in an erotic sense; see G. Williams, 1994). Wellbred jests that if he were old Knowell’s son, he could have saved the father the labour he expends in caring for his garden orchard of apricots grown on espaliers against north-west walls (where they will receive the best sunlight from south and east) by putting the fruit to a more pleasurable use: he would employ the fruit to tempt young wenches as they pass by the kitchen door. ‘Kernel’ can mean ‘gist, core, essential part’, also ‘gland’; Wellbred is speaking metaphorically. The puns on ‘coddling’ add to the ‘naughty’ flavour of the comment; and ‘apricots’, like figs and such fruit, can be sexually suggestive. A snide dig at country life by an inveterate city sophisticate.
68 prithee] F1 (pr’y thee)
68 come over come over the fields (Moorfields).
69–70 our Turkey . . . Signor The Turkey Company, chartered in 1581, traded to the Levant. Hakluyt’s Principal Navigations (1599), 2.171, reports payments from Elizabeth to the Sultan in 1583 and 1593 in order to gain special trading privileges. H&S (9.350) cite Dekker, The Wonderful Year (1603), speaking of New Year’s gifts ‘more in number and more worth than those that are given to the great Turk or the Emperor of Persia’ (sig. B1). On a possible dating clue, see Introduction.
70 batch number of loaves baked at one time. Cf. Cat., 4.2.163: ‘Except he were of the same meal and batch’.
70 your own leaven similarly leavened with yeast. Wellbred jestingly insults young Knowell by lumping him together with Matthew as a fellow rhymer or poet.
70 leaven] F1 (leuin)
71 poet-major With wordplay on ‘poet-mayor’ i.e. chief civic poet (‘Poet-maior’ in F1); the words are essentially identical. Maior, meaning ‘greater’, is the Latin comparative of magnus; it also suggests the military rank of Major (Miola). The satiric reference to ‘Poet Nuntius’ in Q, 1.1.154, is a seeming hit at Anthony Munday; here, some years later, when Munday was less likely to be remembered, the satire may be more general. London’s mayor is mentioned at 5.5.35.
71 poet-major] F1 (Poet-maior)
71–2 worthy to be seen worth putting on display as if in formal procession in a Lord Mayor’s show, a traditional procession through London in which the new mayor rode in a gilded coach (Jackson).
72 The other Bobadill.
72 venture] F1 (venter) (and also, at 2.3.9)
73 the worst even the worst.
74 charges expenses.
74–5 as . . . verdict London juries, holding session in London’s Guildhall or City Hall, were notoriously severe and capricious in their verdicts. The image recurs in Devil, 1.1.20–3 and Mag. Lady, 3.3.55–7, and seems to have become proverbial. H&S trace the complaint back to a Tudor bishop who, in 1514, wrote to Wolsey that ‘any twelve men in London . . . will cast and condemn any clerk though he were as innocent as Abel’ (Hall’s Chronicle of The Triumphant Reign of King Henry the Ⅷ, ed. 1550, sig. L ⅲv). H&S provide instances of later complaints.
75 viaticum travel expenses.
76 the Windmill A tavern, originally a synagogue and then a friars’ chapel, in Old Jewry. Chalfant (1978), 201–2, summarizes its history, derived in part from Stow’s Survey of London (1633), 288.
77 bordello brothel.
77 bordello] F1 (Burdello)
78 Spital or ‘Spittle’, a contraction of ‘hospital’, referring either generically to an institution for the indigent – especially those suffering from venereal disease or leprosy – or specifically to the Hospital of St Mary, located in northeast London near Bishopsgate in an area with a bad reputation for prostitution and theft (Chalfant, 1978, 165–6).
78 Spital] F1 (Spittle)
78 Pict-hatch An area on the east side of Goswell Road notorious for prostitution and crime. Its name came from the half-door, often spiked, that gave entranceway to many brothels (Chalfant, 1978, 142–3).
79 happiest most felicitous.
80 hath A common archaic Northern plural ending in -th, surviving chiefly in ‘hath’ and ‘doth’. Cf. H5, Prologue, 9–11: ‘The flat unraisèd spirits that hath dared / On this unworthy scaffold to bring forth / So great an object’. See Partridge (1953a), §73c.
84 gifts F1’s ‘guifts’ is a common Jonson spelling, to mark the hard ‘g’ (H&S, 9.351); cf. Q’s ‘giftes’.
84 gifts] F1 (guifts)
88 tell count.
89 Or play . . . dragon i.e. Or jealously guard my orchard, like the mythical unsleeping dragon named Ladon that guarded the golden apples in the garden of the Hesperides.
90 I had] F1 (I’had)
91 You’d] F1 (Y’had)
91 election careful choice.
92 than t’ have] F1 state 2; t’ haue state 1
93 petulant insolent, rude (OED, 2).
93 jeering] F1 (geering)
93 gamesters wags, jokers; persons addicted to amorous sport; lewd persons (OED, 4, citing this passage, and 5).
96 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Musco); not in F1
106 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Mus.); not in F1
107–21 In expanding this speech from the shorter version in Q, Jonson again turned to Terence’s Adelphoe, especially 51–75: do, praetermitto, non necesse habeo omnia / pro meo iure agere, ‘I turn a blind eye; I do not hold it necessary to manage everything by my authority’, etc. See Q, 1.1.84–93n.
108 stay restrain.
110 in kind in its nature.
110 in kind] F1 state 2; in-kind state 1
111 generous high-spirited; of good breed or stock (Lat. generosus).
115 modesty self-control, moderation (Lat. modestia).
118 But . . . fit i.e. But is capable only of a compelled and temporary goodness.
120 but simply.
121 virtue have] F1 (vertu’haue)
121 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Jackson, subst.; Edw. Kno’well, Brayne-Worme, / Mr. Stephen. / F1
1.3 ] Wh; Act Ⅰ. Scene Ⅱ. / F1
1.3 The scene continues.
3 prithee] F1 (pr’y thee)
10 Brainworm] F1 (Blayne-worme)
12 SD] this edn; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
11–12 what-sha’-call-him Jonson was fond of such compounds. Cf. ‘un-in-one-breath-utterable’, 1.5.98, and Poet., 3.4.202.
12 letter] F1 state 2; lettler state 1
14 him!] F1 (him—)
15 Faith . . . mind i.e. The servant we’re talking about might have a very different ‘mind’ or opinion on that score. (Brainworm plays on Stephen’s ‘mind’, i.e. ‘desire’, in 14.)
17 is rid has ridden (Partridge, 1953a, §86(b) 4).
18 scanderbag i.e. swaggering. See Q, 1.2.20n., for historical information.
20 mistress’s] F1 (mrs.)
23 a fine . . . hard Country folk who could not afford boots sometimes bound sheaves of hay to the insides of their legs for protection against chafing while riding. In Tub, 1.4.1–9, the rustic Turf and Clay discuss how such ‘straw-coloured stockin’s’ can ‘zave charges’.
23 Stephen –] F1 (Stephen.)
24 no boot of no avail. Whether the simple-minded Stephen is consciously punning on ‘boots’ in 22 is uncertain. See Q, 1.2.24n.
25 Pray] F1 (’Pray) (and occasionally elsewhere)
25 truss me fasten up my garments. See Q, 1.2.25n.
26 trussed (punning on ‘truss’, 25): tied up, beaten, seized as prey, or strung up on the gallows (OED, Truss v. 5–9). These meanings are for the audience to appreciate, not Stephen.
27–8 Your . . . else i.e. Your anger may cause you to stumble or fall apart. With perhaps a play on ‘collar’, i.e. yoke for a draught animal, which, if too tight, would cause the beast to stumble (Jackson).
31 woollen stocking Jonson here specifies what he meant by ‘ill-favoured coarse stockings’ in Q (1.2.34). R. Taylor’s The Hog Hath Lost His Pearl (1614) observes that ‘Good parts without any habiliments of gallantry are no more set by in these times than a good leg in a woollen stocking’ (sig. B2).
34 again’ against, in anticipation of.
34 that i.e. when. Cf. Abbott, §284.
35 show Q’s reading, ‘shewe well’, is better, and the word ‘well’ may simply have been omitted in F1 in error, but F1 is intelligible as it stands.
35 show] F1; shewe well Q
36 brainworm] F1 (Brap.)
37 In sadness In all seriousness.
40 Gramercy Many thanks (Fr. grand merci).
41 SD] Q , subst. (Exit); not in F1
41 SD] in left margin F1
45–6 careful costermonger cautious fruit merchant. A costard is an apple. F1’s spelling (‘Costar’-monger’) makes clear the etymology. Young Knowell alludes to the passage of Wellbred’s letter satirically characterizing the older Knowell as a vigilant tender of his apricot orchard (1.2.64–5).
46 costermonger] F1 (Costar’-monger)
46 Familiar Epistles F1’s italics point to a common title for epistolary collections, especially by Cicero, Pliny the Younger, and The Familiar Epistles of Sir Anthony of Guevara, 1574 (H&S, 9.352).
46 ‘Familiar Epistles’] F1 (familiar Epistles)
47 be gelt] F1 (be-gelt)
47 gelt gelded (in order to keep the choirboy’s voice as castrato). Cf. Q: ‘be made an eunuch’ (1.2.47).
47 troll sing in the manner of a round or catch; sing vivaciously.
47 Master John Trundle A bookseller and publisher especially of ballads, who, in collaboration with Nicholas Ling, published the first quarto of Hamlet in 1603. In his satiric verses on The Magnetic Lady, Alexander Gil says to Jonson, ‘As for the press, if thy play must come to’t, / Let Thomas Purfoot or John Trundell do’t’ (see Gil’s verses in the Literary Record, Electronic Edition).
48 mortality life.
49 physic medicine.
50 would would that, if only.
53 I’ll furnish] F1 (Il efurnish)
53 toward] F1 (to’ard); and occasionally elsewhere
54 mess group of four.
54 brace pair – a term often used of animals, here referring sardonically to Matthew and Bobadill.
55 Fortune . . . eyes The goddess Fortune was traditionally portrayed as blind.
58 melancholy A fashionable affectation. The apostrophe in F1’s ‘melancholy’’ (as also in Bart. Fair, 3.4.57 and n., ‘melancholi’’) suggests that Jonson regarded the word as an abbreviation of ‘melancholic’ (H&S, 9.352–3).
58 melancholy] F1 (melancholy’)
61, 64 stephen] F2, subst.; Serv. F1
71 Moorgate An opening in the City wall made in 1445 to gain access to Moorfields, facing north towards Hoxton (Chalfant, 1978, 131–2).
71, 75 Moorgate] F1 (More-gate)
72 I protest I declare, vow.
72 into bond into legal responsibility for the debt of some other person (such as myself).
74 that’s all one it’s all the same. Also at 98 below.
75 you . . . matter Jonson’s audience would recognize with amusement that Stephen is offering to accompany young Knowell a distance of about one mile and back – hardly the impressive offer that he seems to imply (Chalfant, 1978, 132).
76 I protest Stephen parrots Young Knowell’s ‘I protest’ in 72; Young Knowell twits him about it in 77.
78 By my fackins By my faith. A rustic oath, here substituting for Q’s ‘By God’. The clerk Dapper swears by his ‘fac’ in Alch., 1.2.130–1.
84 sort . . . estimation rank, qualities, bearing, and reputation.
84 ‘turn’ An idiomatic term used by waterbearers to designate their rounds (Jackson), and hence, in Young Knowell’s view, a vulgarism not befitting a gentleman.
84–5 i’this company Young Knowell gestures to the audience.
85 tankard-bearer . . . conduit water-bearer at a large stone cistern for water – a place noted for common gossip. A ‘tankard’ is a hooped wooden structure holding about three gallons.
85 wight person – but with humorous condescension that extends through Edward Knowell’s subtly mocking praise of his country cousin. ‘Wight’ often implies contempt or commiseration (OED).
86 stamp . . . foot With the suggestion of the heavy tread of a country bumpkin. (Stephen presumably does not hear the insulting wordplay in these lines.)
87 savour . . . spirit With the suggestion of an alcoholic breath.
87–9 gilded . . . time This seeming praise is full of double-edged mockery; young Knowell, in reaching for ‘a more fit metaphor’, hints at an indecorous equation of ‘gilded’ with ‘gelt’, castrated. These appear to have been alternative preterite forms. Tinfoil and pewter are scarcely edifying images with which to describe a gentleman’s reputation.
91 real] F1 (reall)
91 real (1) genuine; (2) regal (F1, ‘reall’).
91–2 a milliner’s . . . cyprus A demeaning comparison to a London shopkeeper’s wife who is secretly proud of her embroidered under-bodice beneath her imported fine linen and black transparent crepe.
92 cyprus] F1 (cypresse)
93 answered justified.
93 go . . . it don’t even try.
93–4 Drake’s . . . again The Golden Hind, in which Drake had circumnavigated the world in 1579–80, and in which he had been knighted in 1581 at Deptford (four miles downstream from London on the south bank of the Thames, and the site of a royal dockyard founded by Henry Ⅷ; see Chalfant, 1978, 66), had become, since 1581, a national monument and tourist attraction. Cf. East. Ho!, 3.2–3.
96 physnomy physiognomy; face. (A Middle English form, ‘fisnomye’.)
97 monster Stephen is seemingly unaware that he is being compared to a freak in a sideshow (Seymour-Smith).
98 all one Edward mockingly echoes Stephen’s attempt at gallantry in 74 above (Seymour-Smith).
103 suburb humour Sample of affected behaviour to be found in the countryside near London. Edward Knowell intends to match Wellbred’s city gulls (1.2.70–6) with a country gull of his own.
103 hap chance to.
103 play him play for stakes (OED, v. 17b), in a contest of betting on who can produce the most fatuous gull. F1’s substitution for ‘Match him’ in Q, 1.2.93n.
106 go before i.e. as a servant would normally do. Said with mock politeness to conceal the insult; Stephen thinks he is being taught good manners. See Q, 1.2.95n.
107 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] G; Enter Signior Matheo, to him Cob Q; Mr. Matthew, Cob / F1
1.4 ] F1 (Act Ⅰ. Scene IIII.)
1.4 At the door of Cob’s house.
1 ho!] F1 (hough?); also at 40 and 41
1 SD.2 [Enter] Cob] G.; not in F1; to him Cob Q , at 0 SD
4–6 lineage The spelling ‘linage’ in F1, replacing Q’s ‘lineage’ in these lines, probably derives from an association with ‘line’ (OED).
4–6 lineage] Q; linage F1
6 ance’try See Q, 1.3.6n. on this spelling.
8 Herring . . . fish A ‘cob’ (13) is literally the head of a red herring.
10 harrots’ heralds’. The passage satirizes the craze for pedigrees. The word can be modernized as ‘heralds’’ or ‘herald’s’. Juniper in Case, 4.7.150–1, alludes to ‘some harrot of arms’.
11 cob See 8n. above and Q, 1.3.10n.
17 Master] F1 (Mr.) (also at 47 and occasionally elsewhere)
18 rasher bacon bacon or ham thinly sliced for broiling.
19 Roger Bacon A scientist and philosopher (?1214–?97) who was long imprisoned on suspicion of practising black magic. He died a natural death, but Cob is presumably relying (in 20) on popular legend for the notion of his having been burnt at the stake, as many supposed magicians and witches were.
20–1 F1 here spells out the mock-syllogism of Cob’s reply more clearly than in Q, 1.3.16–18.
20 coals;] F1 (coles?)
21 upsolve me clear up for me.
22 raw F1’s replacement of Q’s ‘rude’ allows a play on ‘broiled’ (20–1).
27 pray] F1 (’pray)
34–5 as . . . lost i.e. as though thoroughly dazed.
35 cast (1) threw dice; (2) vomited.
38 swallowed . . . token i.e. drank too much. See Q, 1.3.34, on the use of such tokens by innkeepers and other tradesmen.
42 stopple stopper for the water tankard.
43 havings qualities, behaviour; property (OED, Having vbl n.1–3). Cf. Devil, 3.3.133: ‘A man of means and havings’, and Cynthia (F), 5.4.30.
44 SD] Lever, subst.; not in Q, F1
45 SD] Q , subst. (Exit), after 44; not in F1
46–7 an . . . yet Cob imagines that if his house could speak, like the famous speaking head in the legends told of the magician Roger Bacon, it would talk of human foolishness rather than the enigmatic ‘Time is, Time was, Time is past’ pronounced by Bacon’s Brasenose head. See notes at Q, 1.3.42 and 43.
47 Mo More. (Perhaps colloquial and proverbial; see Dent, F505.1.)
48–9 worshipful fishmonger member of the London guild known as the Worshipful Company of Fishmongers. As applied to an individual, the title ‘worshipful’ smacks of social prentension, in the view expressed here.
50 brave showy, fine.
51 invincibly i.e. behind his back. See Q, 1.3.47n.
54 he will sit you F1’s substitution for Q’s ‘he sits’ (1.3.49) introduces the colloquial so-called ethical dative ‘you’ that is more or less untranslatable. See Abbott, §220, and Q, 2.3.65–6n.
56 poyetry F1’s ‘poyetrie’ replaces Q’s ‘Poetrie’, perhaps to emphasize broad and derisive pronunciation. ‘Poyetrie’ represents the survival of an older form, as in ‘Plato þe poyete’, Piers Plowman, A-text, 11.129 (H&S, 9.355).
56 interludes stage plays; see Q, 1.3.52n.
57 jeer and tee-hee] F1 (geere, and ti-he)
60 legiblest most easily made out, plainest. A colourful malapropism substituting for Q’s ‘best’. Cf. Case, 5.2.45, where Juniper’s ‘Speak legibly’ similarly confuses writing and speaking.
60–1 By Saint George By England’s patron saint – an appropriate oath to lend a distinctively English flavour to F1, in place of Q’s ‘By Phoebus’.
61 am a gentleman] F2; am gentleman Q, F1
64 tunnels nostrils (as explicitly in Q). For an extensive satire of claims for and against tobacco, see 3.5.50ff., and notes to Q, 3.2.64–5 and 68–81.
64 tunnels] F1 (tonnells)
66 action military action, or law sessions.
66–7 Helter . . . hangman A torrent of proverbs. See Q, 1.3.61–2n.
68 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Jackson; Bobadill, Tib, Matthew F1, with ‘Bobad. is disco/uered lying on / his bench’ in right margin; Bobadilla discouers himselfe: on a bench; to him Tib. Q
1.5 ] F1 (Act Ⅰ. Scene Ⅴ.)
1.5 Bobadill’s room, upstairs in Cob’s house. Bobadill is ‘discovered’, presumably by the opening of a curtain at the ‘discovery space’, at which point the stage is understood to be his upstairs room. On ‘discovery’, see Q, 1.3.62 SDn.
1 SD] Jackson; not in F1; ‘to him Tib’ at 0 SD in Q
3 small beer weak beer.
5 ’Ods so A euphemism for ‘Godso’, as in Q (‘Gods so’). See Q, 1.3.67n. on possible etymology.
7 plague!] F1 (plague —)
8 SD Within] Q ((Matheo within); not in F1
9 basin For vomiting or washing, or a chamberpot.
9 basin] F1 (bason)
12 SD] this edn; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD; Enter Matheo Q
16 matthew] F1 (Mar.)
17 sort company.
28 SD] this edn; not in Q, F1
32 cabin Bobadill affects the use of military language; a cabin could be a tent, as in 3.7.49 (3.3.96 in Q), where Clement refers to ‘the cabins of soldiers’.
36 peculiar special.
38 resolve so am sure of that. See Q, 1.3.100n.
40 ‘Go by, Hieronimo’ From Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy. See Q, 1.3.101n., on Jonson’s being paid to write additions in 1601 for this theatrical warhorse. Reprint quartos of The Spanish Tragedy appeared in 1594, 1599, 1603, 1610, and 1615, so that, though the contents were far from new, the book remained popular and available.
45 again once more as before.
46–50 O eyes . . . misdeeds From Kyd’s The Spanish Tragedy, 3.2.1–4.
47 conceit ingenious metaphor.
53–8 A series of platitudes from Elizabethan sonneteering tradition; see Q, 1.3.114–19n.
56 turtle-billing kissing like turtle-doves, types of constancy in love.
58 Haste . . . waste Proverbial; Dent, H189.
58 SD Cf. Tub, 1.1.70 SD: ‘Hilts enters, and walks by, making himself ready’, and Epicene, 1.1.0 SD.
58 SD] in left margin in F1
59 Where’s this? Where’s this from?
60 nonage early years.
65 Troth In truth.
65 and] Q; an’ F1
67 hanger loop on a sword belt from which to hang a sword.
68 peremptory-beautiful ‘Peremptory’ is an affected intensifier. Cf. 1.2.24.
69 cried it down condemned it.
69 pied gawdy, parti-coloured.
73 rook i.e. gull, simpleton.
73–4 malt-horse work-horse for malt-makers. See Q, 1.3.133n.
74 lose] F1 (loose)
75 holden considered to be.
76 changed exchanged.
77 By To judge by.
78 pannier wicker basket, hung in pairs across the backs of pack animals.
79 proverbs Downright’s tendency to speak in rustic proverbs is characteristic of the ‘humour’ of a ‘downright’ country squire, like Cob at 1.4.66–7. It erupts at 2.1.66–9. H&S (9.357) compare Nicholas Proverbs in Henry Porter’s The Two Angry Women of Abington (1598).
82 bastinado cudgelling.
90 chartel written challenge (Fr. cartel). Q (1.3.147) reads ‘challenge’.
90 dépendence grounds or pretext for a duel (Fr.). Cf. Devil, 3.3.62ff., and Vision, 105.
91 Carranza Jeronimo de Carranza wrote a popular treatise in Spanish on the rules for duelling, entitled De la Filosofia de las Armas (1569). In New Inn, 2.5.86–7, the Host speaks of Carranza as one of many outdated figures who ‘had their times’. See also New Inn, 4.2.81, and Fletcher’s Love’s Pilgrimage (c. 1616, rev. 1635), 5.2.
92 stoccata a thrust. Spelled ‘stoccado’ at Q, 1.3.148 and note. For other fencing terms in this scene, see Q notes, 1.3.173–8.
94 mystery art, craft.
98 un-in-one-breath-utterable Cf. ‘what-sha’-call-him’ at 1.3.11–12, Poet., 3.4.202, ‘what sha’ call him’, and New Inn, 5.4.24–5, ‘you showed a neglect / Un-to-be-pardoned’ on Jonson’s fondness for comic sequencing of hyphens.
100 professed made myself expert in, taught, practised.
102 accommodate F1’s substitution of this for Q’s ‘lend’ emphasizes the trendiness of the phrase, as seen for example in 2H4, 3.2.54–65, where Bardolph’s use of it occasions much discussion of a ‘soldierlike word’. In Discoveries, 1612–13, Jonson calls it one of ‘the perfumed terms of the time’.
102 bedstaff wooden support for bedding, or to fluff up and then smoothe and secure the bedding, as at Q, 1.3.156n.
102 SD Enter tib] this edn; not in Q, F1
103 SD Exit Tib] Lever, subst.; not in Q, F1
105 the words of action. Bobadill means that Tib is slow in executing his command.
106 state position.
106 SD] Lever, subst.; not in Q, F1
107 SD.1, 2] Exit Tib] Lever, subst.; not in Q, F1
121 career lunge.
122 passada thrust. See Q, 1.3.173n., passado.
127 venue turn at fencing. See Q, 1.3.178n., ‘veny’.
131 bit bite.
131 breathe you exercise you, put you through your paces.
136 hail-shot buckshot. See Q, 1.3.187n.
137 Master] F1 (Mr.)
140 radish Regarded as a stimulant and aid to digestion. In Thomas Randolph’s The Jealous Lovers (1632), 3.5, someone is to sneak to taverns ‘To shark for wine and radishes’ (H&S, 9.358).
140 radish] F1 (redish)
140 taste add relish to.
138–9 close . . . stomach A standard medical nostrum. H&S cite Aeneas Silvius (Pope Pius Ⅱ), De Curialium miseriis, ch. 19, which recommends bread or cheese to achieve the same end.
142 Corydon i.e. Downright, mockingly so named from pastoral tradition. See Q, 1.3.191n.
142 put . . . question call him to account.
140 SD] Q; not in F1
2.1 ] F1 (Act II. Scene Ⅰ.)
2.1 Kitely’s place of business in Old Jewry.
5 tell over straight count at once.
6 th'pieces of eight Money coined in Elizabeth’s reign for trade with the Spanish colonies, worth 4s. 6d. in English money; equivalent to the Spanish dollar, worth 8 reales each (Carter, ed. EMI).
7 silver stuffs fabrics woven with silver thread. Cf Q’s ‘wares’ (1.4.5).
8 Lucre] F1 (Lvcar)
9 grograns (OED: grograms) fabric of mohair (goat hair) and wool mixed with silk. From Fr. gros-grains (Carter).
9 grograns] F1 (grogran’s); grosgrains Jackson
10 the Exchange Presumably the Royal Exchange, a marketplace for merchandise built in 1568 near Kitely’s place of residence (Chalfant, 1978, 72–5). For the possibility that this folio revision of EMI may have taken place before 1609, when the New Exchange was built, see Introduction.
11 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Piso); not in F1
12 brother brother-in-law. (See 1.5.71.)
14 of as, when (Abbott, §167).
16 bred him educated him, brought him up.
16 the Hospital Christ’s Hospital, an orphanage and school (Chalfant, 1978, 100–1). Cf. New Inn, 4.2.7–9.
17 toward imp promising lad.
18 cashier treasurer.
23 like likely.
24 Myself Myself to be.
24 you had] F1 (yo’had)
29 the nearness of affection the bias of personal feelings.
30 What need The impersonal ‘need’ often drops the ‘s’ found in Q, 1.4.19 (Abbott, §297).
30 circumstance beating around the bush.
34 but simply. Gifford emends to ‘both’, comparing the Q reading (‘all contest’) and hypothesizing that ‘but’ has been copied erroneously by the compositor from the previous line.
34 but] F1; both G
35 I’ve] F1 (I’aue)
44 man manliness.
44 carriage bearing, behaviour.
47 possessed F1’s substitution of roughly equivalent meaning for Q’s ‘innate’ (1.4.38).
50 loose, affected licentious, pretentious. Cf. Q’s ‘loose affected’ at 1.4.41 and note; the presence or absence of the comma may be meaningful or adventitious.
56 stale himself make himself overly familiar.
57 mart marketplace, fair.
65 ’Sdeynes ‘God’s deynes’, or ‘dines’, perhaps a corruption of ‘dignesse’, dignity.
66 a cracked three-farthings Silver pieces coined early in Elizabeth’s reign, thin and liable to crack. Cf. John, 1.1.141–3: ‘my face so thin / That in mine ear I durst not stick a rose, / Lest men should say “Look where three-farthings goes!”’
66–9 It will . . . horse This medley of proverbs (Dent, F365, E158 and 159, and S399), extending Q’s shorter and less colourful utterance, accentuates Downright’s ‘humorous’ inclination towards proverbial speech; see 1.5.79 and note. A shoulder of mutton would be of little avail to a sick horse.
69 ’fore George F1’s ‘for George’ could be taken to mean ‘as far as George is concerned’, which would make sense especially since Downright’s first name is George (see 4.9.48), and is all the more inviting in that it replaces Q’s ‘for me’. Cf. Volp., Epistle 56–7: ‘[they] may do it without a rival, for me’, meaning ‘as far as I’m concerned’. But the recurring phrase at 2.2.28 seems intended as a common form of oath. H&S (9.360) cite EMO (F1), 2.2.207, ‘and suit me for the heavens’, where F2 reads ‘’fore the heavens’.
69 ’fore] F1 (for)
71 the Counters Two prisons in London for debtors and minor offenders (Chalfant, 1978, 59–60).
71–2 he has . . . door More proverbialism (see 66–9n. above): Dent, S685 and D376. Beggars had wooden dishes with lids that made a clapping noise to attract attention – here to no avail.
72–3 I’ll . . . halfpenny i.e. I’ll keep a tight hold on my money and deny even this tiny benefit. H&S (9.360) cite an instance from John Heywood’s Works (1562), Pt 1, ch. 6, sig. B ⅱ, suggesting that the phrase had become proverbial.
75 spur-leathers leather straps securing the spurs to the boots. (OED’s earliest citation.)
80 easy circumstance temperate speech and approach.
82 stomach anger, vexation, resentment.
93–4 from . . . him from the heat of anger generated in him by the ‘vapour’: hot and dry humours of bile (or choler), and perhaps spleen. (In fact, Wellbred’s temperament is anything but choleric; Downright’s is.)
95 blow whisper into. Cf. Poet., 1.2.48–9: ‘They wrong me, sir . . . That blow your ears with these untrue reports.’
98 relieve him back him (the wording of Q, 1.4.83); ‘spell’ him.
98 in the fable in the telling.
101 Flat caps and shining blackened shoes were worn by citizens, distinguishing them from gentlemen. Gifford and H&S (9.361) cite Jasper Mayne’s The City Match, 1.4; Philip Massinger’s The Guardian, 2.3; and James Shirley’s The Doubtful Heir (1638), 2.2: ‘I have no mind to worsted stockings again, / And shoes that shine.’
109 quarrelled quarrelled with. For the transitive use of this verb, cf. Grammar, 1.4.6–7: ‘We are not now to quarrel orthography.’
112 They’re] F1 (They’are)
114 quacksalvers travelling quacks selling nostrums.
115 bills advertisements. Cf. Alch., 5.1.12–13: ‘You saw no bills set up that promised cure / Of agues or the toothache?’
2.2 ] F1 (Act Ⅱ. Scene Ⅱ.)
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Boba. and Matheo); Matthew, Bobadil, Downe-right, / Kitely F1
2.2 The scene continues at Kitely’s.
6 to you to you I speak.
9 scavenger street cleaner.
10 SD] Q , subst. (Exeunt); not in F1
12 Heart! A euphemism for ‘By God’s heart’.
13–14 ] prose, H&S; in two lines of verse, F1 (You . . . brother, / Good . . . you.)
18 Fleet Street An important thoroughfare that had become a centre for fashionable display, and a showplace for the rare and curious (Chalfant, 1978, 82–3). It had also become synonymous with brawling, as in Thomas Lodge’s reference to ‘a fray in Fleet Street’ (Wit’s Misery, 1596, p. 63) and in Sir W. Cornwallis’s deploring a man who boasts ‘how many hacks he hath had in his buckler in a Fleet Street fray’ (Essays, 1600, N4; cited by H&S, 9.362).
18 Madge Owlet A nickname for the owl.
19–20 tumbrel slop padded breeches. See Q, 1.4.119n.
20 Gargantua The giant of Rabelais’s work (1535).
20 Gargantua] F1 (Garagantva)
23 cam’rades Cf. ‘cumrades’ at Q, 1.4.122 and n.
24 right hangman cut with the look of one who is (1) ripe for hanging; (2) hangman-like in appearance.
25 swinge thrash, beat.
25 ging gang.
27 as . . . drink More proverbialism (Dent, B654) from the irascible man; cf. 2.1.66–9, 71–2, and 73–3 and notes. This proverb means ‘May he get what he deserves.’
28 ’fore George by St George. See 2.1.69 and note. Again, here, F1 reads ‘for George’ and could lend itself to the construction, ‘as far as I, George Downright, am concerned’.
28 ’fore] F1 (for)
28 tightly roundly, vigorously.
30 reprehension censuring. Replaces Q’s ‘apprehension’, 1.4.128.
37 SD] in left margin, in F1
42 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Guil.); not in F1
2.3 ] F1 (Act Ⅱ. Scene Ⅲ.)
0 SD] this edn; Kitely, Cob, Dame kitely. / with ‘To them’ in left margin opposite ‘Act Ⅱ. Scene Ⅲ.’ / and ‘He passes by / with his tan-/ kard.’ in left margin opposite 3–5 in F1
2.3 The scene continues at Kitely’s.
0 SD to them i.e. to Downright (who is leaving as Cob enters) and Kitely. A common Jonsonian formula for an entry when joining others onstage, as at 4.3.0 SD, and 5.3.97 SD (though the formula is missing at 5.1.42 SD and 5.2.20 SD. 2–3).
1–2 ] prose, H&S; in two lines of verse, Q, F1 (What . . . (Ifaith) / For . . . morning.)
1 by the back by the scruff of the neck.
3–4 with a suggestion of impregnating the maids.
4 SD] Q; not in F1
9 venture] F1 (venter)
11 Why, ’t] F1 (Why’t)
14 Is’t] F1 (I’st)
14 factious engendering envious rivalry.
15 public weal F1’s rewriting of Q’s metaphor at 1.4.153 makes explicit the equation of ‘chastity’ with the public good, the commonwealth.
16–17 When . . . peace? When such strong impulses gather forces rebelliously against chastity’s solitary and outnumbered peacefulness and peace of mind?
18 treat negotiate.
19–20 And birds of a feather flock together in hot-tempered passion. On ‘spirits’ and ‘pride of blood’, see Q, 1.4.157n.
20 blood] F1 (bluod)
28 impositions accusations.
30 motions promptings.
31 ejects sends forth, transmits. F1 here makes clear the physical theory of sight implicit in Q (1.4.168): Kitely’s (Thorello’s) eye will actively send out glances to hinder sexual opportunity between his wife and Wellbred (Prospero).
33 prescription prescribed range of duties.
33 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Biancha, with Hesperida); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD.
36 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Hesperida); not in F1
37 breakfast?] Q, F1 (breakefast.)
39 muss mouse. A term of endearment.
40 angels Coins worth about 10 shillings each.
44–5 this new disease A ‘new disease’ was rumoured to be the cause of Prince Henry’s death in 1611, and the term appeared in the title of H. Whitmore’s Febris Anomala, or the new disease that now rageth throughout England (1659), but since these both post-date Jonson’s use of the phrase in his 1598 quarto version of the play (see Q, 1.4.181–2n.), they suggest only that the phrase could be applied to outbreaks of infectious diseases at various times.
52 harm, in] F2; harme in, F1
52–3 ] prose, H&S; in two lines of verse, F1 (The aire! . . . sweet heart! / Ile . . . hope.)
53 She . . . wind i.e. She is alerted to me and suspicious, onto my scent. Cf. George Turberville, The Noble Art of Venery (1575), 242: ‘When he [the hart] smelleth or venteth anything, then we say he hath (this or that) in the wind.’ H&S (9.363) explain that ‘the game was intercepted on the windward side to force it into the toils laid in the opposite direction’.
55 dame kitely] F2; Dow. F1
55 SD] Q; not in F1
59 The houses . . . brain i.e. imagination or ‘fantasy’ (59), reason or ‘judgement’ (61), and memory (62). See Q, 1.4.194–5n.
66 sensive capable of sensation.
68 suspect suspicion.
69 misery is] F1 (miserie’ is)
70 to want . . . erection not to have excitement and invigoration of mind (OED, Erection 5).
73 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Musco disguised like a soldier); Brayne-worme, Ed. Kno’well, / Mr. Stephen F1
2.4 Moorfields.
2.4 ] ] F1 (Act Ⅱ. Scene ⅠⅢ.)
0 SD Soldier–beggars often congregated to beg in Moorfields, just north-east of London’s walls. See East. Ho!, 1.1.110–12: ‘walking in Moorfields without a cloak, with half a hat . . . with a cudgel under thine arm, borrowing and begging threepence’.
3 loses] F1 (looses)
3 the grace its credit; it’s excellence.
3 the lie To accuse a soldier of lying is to impugn his sense of honour. See Q, 2.1.3–4n.
4 fruit i.e. outcome; punning also on the ‘fico’ as literally meaning a fruit, the fig. The fico is an obscene gesture; see Q, 2.1.3–4 and note.
4 polity Identical in meaning to Q’s ‘policy’, i.e. stratagem.
6 truth] F1 (troth)
7 my young my young master. F1’s substitution for ‘his son’ (Q, 2.1.6).
7 dryfoot, over Moorfields This F1 addition extracts humour from the original audience’s knowledge that Moorfields was marshy and hence impossible to cross ‘dryfoot’. Brainworm puns, since ‘to follow dryfoot’ is to track game by the mere scent of the foot (Carter, ed. EMI).
8 conspiracy plot (but without the sense of coming together with evil intent). Cf. ‘conspiracy’ and ‘conspiring’ at 2.3.21 and 30.
9 blue-waiters servants in blue livery.
9 of hope i.e. having to rely on hope of future patronage. (This F1 addition stresses servingmen’s vulnerability.)
10 wear motley i.e. look foolish (having lost our employment and our blue liveries).
13 cut him off sidetrack his journey; but with a darker hint of doing him in, or robbing him as a cutpurse would do, or perhaps castrating him (Jackson).
13 Veni, vidi, vici Julius Caesar’s succinct report of his victory over Pharnaces at Zela in 47 BC: ‘I came, I saw, I overcame’ (Gallic Wars). Often quoted, as in AYLI, 5.2.34.
15 lance-knights mercenary soldiers. See Q, 2.1.14n.
16 Master Stephen] F1 (Mr. Stephen)
17 SD.2 [Enter] . . . stephen] Q , subst. (Enter Lo.iu, and Step.); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
19 ’Sfoot By God’s foot.
28 jet ring A ring made of inexpensive material that could produce static electricity. See Q, 2.1.26n. for parallel instances.
29 posy, the posy] F1 (poesie, the poesie)
29 posy motto engraved on the ring.
30–3 ] lineation, Lever; as prose, F1
35–7 ] lineation, Lever; as prose, F1
35 posy] F1 (poesie)
36 A drinking proverb, here with erotic suggestion.
39 metre] F1 (meeter)
40–1 he . . . need he helped you find your purse and ring.
41 SD Brainworm, having stood aside at 17 SD as though about to leave, now approaches Edward Knowell and Stephen.
41 SD] in right margin, F1
50 the late wars The phrase allows for a wide chronological range in Brainworm’s exaggerated catalogue of campaigns, from the conquering of Hungary by the Turks in 1526 to conflict in Dalmatia in the 1530s and Polish–Russian fighting in the 1510s as well as more recently in the 1560s and 1570s.
53 Aleppo In modern-day Syria, beseiged by the Turks in 1516.
54 Vienna The siege was raised in 1529. On the exaggerations in Brainworm’s invented war record, see Q, 2.1.47–8, 49, and 50–1 notes.
54 Marseilles . . . Gulf The siege of Marseilles took place in 1524 and of Naples in 1528. ‘The Adriatic Gulf’ presumably points to the famous Battle of Lepanto, much later, in 1571.
61 that, friend] F1 (that friend)
67 angel a gold coin worth 10s.
68 Toledo i.e. made in Spain, and widely admired as of exceptional quality. Cf. Alch., 4.4.
69 Spaniard Stephen seems unaware that the fine blades of Toledo were from Spain.
75 Higginbottom The identity is unknown – evidently a person whom Stephen regards as lower-class. Gifford (1875) cites a certain Otwell Higgenbotham who was called before the Privy Council in 1579 for stirring up resistance against the Earl of Shrewsbury (Lodge’s Illustrations, 2.215–18), but at a date that is probably too early to be well remembered in the early seventeenth century.
78 field rapier Stephen attempts a sally of wit by playing on ‘field’ in the senses of (1) open land and (2) battlefield.
84 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Lorenzo senior); Kno’well, brayne-worme F1
2.5 ] F1 (Act Ⅱ. Scene Ⅴ.)
2.5 Moorfields still.
1 lose (F1 ‘loose’): shake off, banish. The following speech (1–66) is extensively rewritten and expanded from the Q version, adding rich details of youthful rebelliousness, licentiousness, and the bad example set by older men.
1 lose] F1 (loose)
2 leave t’admire cease to wonder at.
5–7 he . . . head you wouldn’t have found anyone – even someone working in a brothel – who’d have felt and expressed scorn for an older, grey-headed person. Jonson’s models for lines 5–11 include Ovid, Fasti, 5.57–8: magna fuit quondam capitis reverentia cani, / inque suo pretio ruga senilis erat, ‘Great was the reverence in former times for the hoary head, and wrinkled age was valued at its true worth’; Fasti, 5.69–70: verba quis auderet coram sene digna rubore / dicere? censuram longa senecta dabat, ‘Who would dare to utter bawdy words before an old man? Old age conferred a right of censoring’; and Juvenal, Satires, 13.53: inprobitas illo fuit admirabilis aevo, ‘dishonesty was a thing to wonder at in those days’.
7 authority warrant, protection. Cf. Kitely to Downright at 2.1.83–4: ‘You are his elder brother, and that title / Both gives and warrants you authority.’
8 buffoon F1’s ‘buffon’, a preferred Jonson spelling, indicates stress on the first syllable.
8 buffoon] F1 (buffon)
10–11 i.e. That his personal conduct did not in fact deserve – so greatly did the genuine respect earned by truly virtuous older men establish a pattern that extended even to other less admirable older men. (Or Knowell could mean that the general precept of respect for age held in check the proclivities of much rebellious youth.)
12–36 The sources for this passage include Quintilian (Institutio Oratoria, 1.1 and 2 on elementary education), Juvenal (Satires, 14, ‘No Teaching Like That of Example’), and Horace (Epistles, 1.1). See for example, Juvenal, 14.4: si damnosa senem iuvat alea, ludit et heres, ‘If the old man takes delight in ruinous gambling, his heir too gambles’, etc.
12–13 youth . . . example i.e. young men have fallen away from their reverential awe of authority, and old men from the setting of good example that engendered respectful awe.
14 would would that.
16 Or . . . learned Or would that young people had not learned.
19 cunning sophisticated, crafty, debased.
21 it A familiar way of referring to a baby or young child. Cf. Epicene, 2.5.83–99, ‘it knighthood’.
22 darling F1’s ‘dearling’ is a favourite Jonson spelling.
22 darling] F1 (dearling)
23 plums sugarplums, presumably.
24 mother herself] F1 (mother’herselfe)
26 long coat petticoat or skirt in which children were dressed. Cf. Bart. Fair, 1.4.87–8.
26–7 when . . . this The pious and ineffectual wish of parents is that children will grow out of their bad habits.
27 like likely. (Said sardonically.)
28 A proverbial expression of incorrigibility, introducing the thought of the next three lines.
30 liver The supposed seat of violent passions, including sexual drive.
31 And . . . some i.e. And goes even farther in some cases to infect the seat of knowledge, understanding, and true affection.
34 handle our gifts i.e. have day-to-day acquaintance with the gifts we give or receive in illicit courtships.
36 i.e. Join us in the same dalliance. ‘Provoking’ means ‘aphrodisiac, sexually stimulating’.
37 states estates, financial and physical conditions.
38 Portion Inheritance, property, wealth.
38 their remainder i.e. that which should go to our heirs, being held in trust for that purpose.
39 them our sons.
40 seal i.e. seal the bargain, sign away their inheritance, in order to get ready money for the support of profligacy. ‘Seal’ also suggests having sexual intercourse; cf. Alch., 2.1.12, and Und. 47.15.
41 affliction Both ‘affection’ (F2) and ‘affliction’ (Gifford) make sense of F1’s ‘affiction’, but ‘affiction’ is more easily explained on textual grounds as the mistaken dropping of an ‘l’ after ‘ff’.
41 affliction] G; affiction F1; affection F2
42–3 See Juvenal, Satires, 14.36–7: sed reliquos fugienda patrum vestigia ducunt / et mon-strata diu veteris trahit orbita culpae, ‘but the rest are led astray by the parents’ footsteps they should avoid, and are dragged down into the old orbit of vice which for so long has been demonstrated to them’.
45 travelled F1’s ‘trauail’d’ conveys a primary sense of ‘journeyed’, with perhaps a resonance of ‘laboured’.
45 travelled] F1 (trauail’d)
46 Venetian courtesans Venice was renowned for the beauty and stylishness of its courtesans; cf. Volp., 2.1.26–9. Coryat’s Crudities (1611) devotes a chapter to the subject, and in John Day’s Humour out of Breath (1608), 2.1, Venice is described as ‘the best flesh-shambles in Italy’ (H&S, 9.367).
47–64 Based on Juvenal, Satires, 14 passim. In particular, cf. lines 49–51 with Juvenal, 207–9: ‘unde habeas quaerit nemo, sed oportet habere.’ / hoc monstrant vetulae pueris repentibus assae, / hoc discunt omnes ante alpha et beta puellae, ‘“there’s no need to ask where the the money comes from; the important thing is to have money.” This is the lesson taught by old nurses to young lads even before they can walk; this is what every young girl learns before her ABC.’ Similarly, in his Epistles, 1.1.65–6, Horace deplores the universal cry of rem facias, rem, / si possis, recte, si non, quocomque modo, rem, ‘make money, money by fair means if you can, if not, by any means money’. At lines 61–4, cf. Juvenal, 14.59–69. Cf. also Quintilian, Institutio Oratoria, 1.1 and 2, as at 2.5.12–36.
49 still continually. Some editors, following H&S, exempt ‘still’ from the quotation of 49–51, but it is all italicized in F1 to indicate quotation, and the sense of ‘continue to make money’ is perfectly plausible.
49–51 ] quoted material indicated by italics, F1
51 letter letter of introduction and recommendation.
52 Dressed Prepared at table.
52 curiously with cuisinary delicacy.
53 Perfumed Imparted a sweet flavour and scent to.
54 grey Characteristic of old age (as at 7 above). For the commonplace that old age is cupidinous, see Chaucer’s ‘a hoor heed and a grene tayl’ (Reeve’s Prologue, 3878).
55 ordinaries public eating houses.
57 trade practices. A plural concept, hence paired with the plural verb ‘are’.
60 rape carry off, sweep along.
60 their precipice i.e. the gaping abyss threatening both the youth and the ‘household precedents’ (59).
63 abroad away from home.
64 laystalls dung-heaps, rubbish heaps.
65 conversing associating on familiar terms.
66 of by way of.
66 SD] Lever, subst.; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD; Enter Musco Q
67 fleshed i.e. excited by a first taste of success.
75 Pray] F1 (’Pray)
77 the price . . . beer twopence.
78 thankful. Sweet] F1 (thankfull: sweet)
82–3 SD] in left margin in F1
83 derive obtain.
83–4 it . . . time i.e. you will be repaid in time. See Q, 2.2.53n.
84 By . . . ground An oath: ‘By this earth on which we stand’.
85 I had . . . before i.e. I had already pawned my sword hilt (its handle) to pay for food. ‘Hilts’ is often plural, as at 3.1.149 and 4.2.110; but ‘hilt’ at Q, 2.1.66. The plural is derived from the two pieces in the handle guard; cf. Ham., 5.2.138.
101 beetle Specifically a scarab at Q, 2.2.70 and note.
102 mettle F1’s ‘mettall’ catches the common ambiguity of meaning: ‘metal’ or substance, and ‘mettle’, temper. (Q reads ‘temper’.)
102 mettle] F1 (mettall)
104 afore me A mild oath, replacing Q’s ‘afore God’.
106 insists (F1 ‘insist’s’). A common contraction for ‘insistest’.
106 insists] F1 (insist’s)
112 the air’s my comfort This substitution for Q’s conventional piety, ‘God’s my comfort’, avoids naming the Deity while also suggesting that Brainworm has nowhere to turn for help.
114 Fitzsword ‘Son of the sword’. Substituting for Q’s ‘Portensio’.
119 those Possibly a miscopying of Q’s ‘these’ (2.2.88), but a defensible reading as it stands.
125 SD] Q , subst. (Exit. Lor.), at 124; not in F1
127 Never . . . fuller These proverbial-sounding comparisons (see Dent, B34), absent from Q, add vividness to Brainworm’s mirth.
129 conduit channel. Omitted from Q.
131 service (1) domestic service; (2) military service.
132 cassock A soldier’s cloak or long coat.
132–3 musket-rest A portable stand used to support the musket during firing. Cf. EMO, 4.3.110–11.
133 musters at Mile End assembling of citizenry for military drill on the familiar training-ground just outside London to the east. See John Stow, A Summary of the Chronicles of England, 1604, p. 420. Cf. 4.6.59, and Beaumont’s burlesque of this business in The Knight of the Burning Pestle.
134 give . . . slip (1) outwit him; (2) slip him a counterfeit coin.
136 SD Exit] Q ; not in F1
3.1 ] F1 (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅰ.)
3.1 At the Windmill tavern at the corner of Lothbury and Old Jewry (Chalfant, 1978, 201–2). Wellbred, having just arrived with Matthew and Bobadill, is soon joined by Edward Knowell and Stephen. See 3.2.37–8.
0 SD] Q, subst. (Enter Prospero, Bobadilla, and Matheo); Matthew, Well-bred, Bobadill, Ed. / Kno’well, Stephen F1
2 tonight last night.
6–7 out . . . reputation putting honour in the shade (Lever).
7 throw] F3; through F1
9 I protest] F1 (I, protest)
9 a thing A euphemism for the soul (explicitly named in Q, 2.3.8).
11 faces about about face, about turn. Wellbred gives a military command to bid Bobadill change the subject. Cf. Staple, 4.4.51.
15 fashion.] F1 (fashion –)
16–17 quos . . . Jupiter ‘those whom friendly Jupiter has loved’ (Virgil, Aeneid, 6.129–30).
18 SD] Lever, subst., ‘Yong Kno’well enters’ in right margin in F1, and see massed entry at 0 SD for Stephen; Enter Lorenzo iunior, and Step. Q
21 the mad . . . girls the muses, who frequented the Thespian springs at the foot of Mount Helicon.
21 fury Wellbred jocosely compares Edward Knowell to the Furies of Greek mythology – the implacable enemies of Apollo (20) in Aeschylus’s Oresteia.
28 Pliny . . . epistles Symmachus was a statesman (serving as consul in AD 391) and epistolary writer in the style of Pliny the Younger (AD 61 or 62–113), nephew of the great naturalist and historian.
29 burned . . . ear i.e. branded on the ear for slander.
30 mar’l marvel, wonder.
30 camel A beast of burden, as at Sej., 1.568.
33 Why, dost] F1 (why doest)
47 hang-bys hangers-on. Substituted for the Italianate ‘zanies’ (‘zanni’) in Q.
48–9 wind-instruments i.e. blowhards. Elizabethan pronunciation of the word ‘wind’ with a long ‘i’ (as in ‘find’) would reinforce the punning on the verb ‘wind’ in ‘I’ll wind ’em up’.
50 The sign . . . Man i.e. A tavern sign signifying dumb silence within.
51 your] F1; our Q
51 your music Both this F1 reading and Q’s ‘our music’ (2.3.48) make good sense. In F1 the metaphor is more explicitly anticipated by ‘wind-instruments’ (48–9).
59 SD] in left margin in F1
60 you.] F1 (you)
64 SD] in left margin in F1
68 Edward Knowell’s polite formulation hides from Bobadill a suggestion that Bodadill’s effusions scarcely deserve thanks.
68 enough] F1 (inow)
69 SD] in right margin in F1
69 indeed, sir,] F1 (indeed. Sir?)
75 ] in round brackets in F1
75 utters (1) speaks; (2) distributes.
75 by the gross (1) wholesale; (2) grossly.
76–7 out of measure . . . in measure immoderately . . . moderately. With a play on the idea of metre.
81 stool Cf. Q’s more overtly scatological joking on ‘close stool’ or privy at 2.3.74–5.
82 melancholy] F1 (melancholy’)
86 self-love . . . heresy Self-love is a kind of idolatry, and in that sense heretical.
92 performed, tomorrow being] F1 (perform’d to morrow, being)
92 Saint Mark’s day 25 April.
94 Strigonium Graan or Êsztergom, Hungary, recaptured from the Turks in 1595. Thomas, Lord Arundel, served against the Turks along with other English volunteers; for his valiant service he was created Count of the Empire, but Queen Elizabeth sent him to prison for having accepted this foreign title. Bobadill capitalizes on English fascination with this event. In Q, Bobadilla places this imagined action at Ghibeletto.
97 leaguer siege.
97–8 the taking . . . Genoese Identified in Q as taking place at Tortosa, but the account is fictional.
101 ’So Godso.
108 ’Twas . . . own Cats proverbially have nine lives (Dent, C154).
110–11 ] enclosed in round brackets in F1
114 me The change from ‘him’ (meaning Lorenzo Jr) in Q, 2.3.106, to ‘me’ in F1 shifts the attention to Wellbred as the person that Bobadill is haranguing.
115–16 demi-culverins cannon of about 4½ inches bore.
115–16 demi-culverins] F1 (demi-culuerings)
116 give on attack, charge. Replaces Q’s ‘ascend’.
117 mark (1) quality; (2) marksmanship. Replaces Q’s ‘courage’.
118 linstock forked stick to hold lighted match.
119 petronel] F1 (petrionel)
119 petronel large pistol.
119 single (1) sole; (2) petty (Jackson).
120 ordnance] F2; ordinance F1
123 figure figure of speech. See Q, 2.3.115n.
124 blade?] Q, F1 (blade.)
125 impeach . . . earth harm in the world.
127 Morglay . . . Durindana Legendary swords of romance. See Q, 2.3.119n. for the owners.
128 fabled reported (Q’s word).
136 guilder Dutch coin worth about 1s 8d to 4s 4d.
136 an I would even if I wished to.
138 much.] F1 (much?)
142 provant (Literally, provender) government issue.
146 will put it up F1’s revision of Q’s ‘will not put it up’ (2.3.137) could be an error in transmission, but seems deliberate; Stephen grudgingly complies.
3.2 ] F1 (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅱ.)
3.2 The scene continues at the Windmill tavern.
0 SD] Lever, subst.; E. Kno’well, Brayne-worme, Stephen, / Well-bred, Bobadill, / Matthew F1; Enter Musco Q
11 God’s will Replaces ‘Gods lid’ in Q, 2.3.154.
16 under his favour if it is agreeable to him. ‘By his leave’ and ‘under his favour’ are absurdly polite phrases to accompany the delivery of an insult. Cf. TN, 3.4.125–44. The joke is repeated in Devil, 1.3.27.
20 a drum This substitute for Q’s ‘virginals’ lays stress on emptiness capable of producing sound, and is reminiscent of Ham., 3.2.334: ‘’Sblood, do you think I am easier to be played on than a pipe?’ etc. Cf. AWW, 5.3.247: ‘He’s a good drum, my lord, but a naughty orator.’
25 conceited jocular, disposed to jest. Replaces Q’s ‘pleasant’.
27 are . . . right.] F1 (are, . . . right?)
29 none . . . coat i.e. no clergyman. Cf. Q’s preceding explanatory phrase, ‘I leave that to the curate’ (2.3.170), which Jonson evidently found unnecessary in revision.
30 bare threadbare. Jokes at the poverty of the clergy were common.
30 though.] F1 (though?)
31 the drum extraordinary i.e. irregular military service. Replaces Q’s ‘god Mars extraordinary’ (2.3.172).
36 shape?] Q, F1 (shape.)
38 the Windmill See note on scene location above.
41 foot footprint.
45 here nearby.
45 Coleman Street Called ‘The Bond Street of the period’ by H. B. Wheatley for its elegant shops and residences (Chalfant, 1978, 58).
54 prorogue his expectation prolong his waiting.
58 pressed conscripted.
58–9 porters . . . carmen Porters and carmen (carters) were rivals for the trade of transporting goods, especially to and from the wharves along Thames Street and the Custom House quay where custom inspections were conducted.
59 quay] F1 (key)
60 SD] Q; not in F1
3.3 ] F1 (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅲ.)
3.3 Kitely’s establishment in Old Jewry.
1 he A merchant with whom Kitely is dealing.
5 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Piso); not in F1
13 Opportunity Cf. Shakespeare’s foreboding allegorization of Opportunity in Luc., 876ff.
19 Referring to the Garden of the Hesperides, guarded by a dragon; see F1, 1.2.89n. and Q, 3.1.19–20n.
19 taste the fruit] F2; the taste fruit Q , F1
20 seels (1) sews together, as in closing a falcon’s eyes during training; (2) seals. See Q, 3.1.20n.
20 seels] Lever; seales Q, F1
22 caract (1) carat, as of gold; (2) ‘character’, i.e. sign, mark. Jonson often conflates the two words, variously spelling them ‘charact’, ‘carract’, and ‘caract’.
25 as . . . straws Jet generates static electricity when rubbed. See Q, 2.1.31 and note.
27 make . . . burden i.e. inspire lust in even the most menial of workers. (See 3.2.58–9 above for a disparaging view of porters.)
28 kept up kept shut tight.
28 close (1) secret; (2) tightly closed. The imagery of ‘open’ and ‘close’ (16–28) fantasizes on the female sexual body in this expanded rewriting of Q (3.1.5ff.).
31 or . . . or either . . . or.
33 too many] F1 (to many)
33 the dressing alluring feminine garb, fashion.
34 main attractive potent and significant attraction.
34 Our great heads Our leading citizens (whose prominent heads are threatened with cuckolds’ horns).
36 little caps Velvet small hats were much in fashion. Cf. Bart. Fair, 1.1.15–18, where Win-the-Fight Littlewit has such a cap, and Shr., 4.3.64–70.
37 in mine in my household.
38 three-piled acorns Velvet caps with triple pile of the richest sort and acorn-shaped, with three corners or peaks. The acorn has phallic associations; cf. the ‘full-acorned boar’ in Cym., 2.5.16, and G. Williams (1994). ‘Acorns’ is punningly picked up in ‘ache’, reinforcing the familiar joke about cuckolds’ horns.
38 horns cuckolds’ horns, suggesting also the velvety antlers of male deer; the animal was said to have a ‘velvet head’ when its horns first appeared (H&S, 9.372, quoting Turberville, The Noble Art of Venery, 1575, 242).
39 SD] G, subst. (Re-enter Cash with a cloak); Enter Piso Q, after 41; not in F1
40 Carry in] F1 (Carry’in)
41 on all occasions for any reason; whatever else I do, no matter what.
42 scrivener professional copyist, here used to prepare legal forms.
44 Exchange time i.e. Opening time at the Royal Exchange (‘Past ten’ at Q, 3.1.34). This is the old Exchange, built in 1568; see 2.1.10 and note above.
49 hourglass i.e. continually changing as the hourglass is turned one way and then the other.
50 my imaginations] F1 (my’ imaginations)
52 stay upon (1) stop at; (2) have confidence in.
53 And . . . act And know even less what choices to act upon.
54 knows not wouldn’t even know how (in his simplicity).
58 there’s . . . him i.e. there’s no point in even talking about Cob as a possible confidant. (F1 substitutes ‘speech’ for Q’s ‘talk’.)
59 to compared with.
61 i.e. But if he should prove leaky and unable to keep a secret, I’d be done for. Cf. Q’s ‘Rimarum plenus’, full of chinks (3.1.53).
62 fame reputation.
62 talk . . . Exchange subject of gossip in the market place.
63 stood with consistently maintained.
63 this present the present (Partridge, 1953b, §35).
66 ff. Cf. John, 3.3.
77 crest i.e. (1) family honour; (2) forehead. With suggestion of cuckold’s horns.
85 concealed Stressed on the first syllable.
88–9 Both precisians (as many Protestant reformers were called because of their strict observances) and strict Roman Catholics were supposed to abstain from swearing oaths and from games of chance. Q, in the parallel passage (3.1.73), mentions puritans only. Jonson abjured Catholicism in 1610 (Lever).
90 fayles and tick-tack Varieties of backgammon. Cash’s willingness to play these games is proof, to Kitely, that he is neither puritan nor Catholic.
97 I am . . . it I am resolved to take you at your word without an oath. Cf. Q’s ‘without such circumstance’ (3.1.80).
98 protest solemnly affirm.
103 near nearer. An old comparative of ‘nigh’ (OED, Near adv.1).
105, 107 ] asides indicated in F1 by round brackets around 105 and 107–9, and a long dash at the end of 106
105 venture] F1 (venter)
107 no] F2; no’ F1
108 Say you? what do you think?
119 here . . . Street Coleman Street (see 3.2.45) ran close by Old Jewry.
133 meant intimated.
137 here (Suggesting a secret to be locked up by the lips, in the heart.)
138 SD.2 Exit] Q , subst. (Exit Tho.); not in F1
140 take head spring from.
145 Somewhat has crossed Something has vexed.
3.4 ] F1 (ActScene ⅠⅢ.)
3.4 The scene continues at Kiteley’s house.
0 SD] this edn; Enter Cob. Q; Cob, Cash F1; Enter Cob hastily / G.
1 Fasting days Legislation passed or amended in 1548, 1562, 1585, and 1593 forbade the selling of meat on Fridays, Saturdays, Ember Days (see next note), the eves of festivals, and all of Lent. These restrictions were very unpopular.
3 Ember weeks Quarterly periods of fasting and prayer. See Q, 3.1.129n. and 132n.
5–9 choler . . . collar For Q’s triple punning, see Q 3.1.133–4 and note.
7 draw (1) pull, haul, cart; (2) draw from the tap.
8 halter (1) strap to lead a horse with; (2) hangman’s noose. Added to F1 presumably to give added point to the joking about slipping one’s head out of the collar or noose.
8 jade’s trick The stubborn behaviour of a refractory horse.
9 goodman head of household; yeoman.
11 rheum i.e. humour. (Literally, a watery or mucous discharge.)
13 Mack i.e. By Mary, or by the Mass.
20 avaunt! begone!
20–1 Let . . . monstership Let anyone who wishes to do so feed your humour.
21 quoth he? quotha, indeed.
25 the flood . . . ago The flood either of Ovid, Met., Book I, or of Genesis, or both.
26 stomach loathe, with a huge appetite for resentment.
26 Sir Bevis his horse Sir Bevis’s horse, Arundel, from the Arthurian romance of Bevis of Hampton. See Q, 2.3.119n. and 3.1.151–2n., and Und. 53.9–10. Cf. the proverb, ‘I’m hungry enough to eat a horse’ (Dent, H651 and 672.11).
27 against ’em in anticipation of these fasting days.
30–1 Flemish . . . butter Netherlanders were scoffed at for their consumption of butter.
32 leek porridge This detail, not in the Q version, is presumably a satirical jab at the Welsh.
37 to rack (1) to ruin; (2) to the cooking grill; (3) to the torture rack.
37 smoke (i) suffer, smart; (2) give forth smoke in cooking.
37 martyrs . . . gridiron St Lawrence was thus martyred in 258.
39 Hannibal A malapropism for ‘cannibal’. See Q, 3.1.163n.
39 fish and blood A humorous substitution for the expected ‘flesh and blood’.
39 SD He . . . herring] in left margin in F1
40 coz] F1 (couz)
41 King Cophetua This protagonist of well-known ballads about the king who loved a beggar-wench was presumably wealthy, since he was an African monarch, but Cob may be confusing him with King Midas or perhaps Croesus, much as he confuses Goliath with those wealthy kings in Q (3.1.166 and note). Cophetua is mentioned in Rom., 2.1.14, LLL, 4.1.65, and 2H4, 5.3.83.
41 room With a pun on ‘rheum’, watery discharge.
43 almanacs Where fasting days were published, along with astrological predictions.
45 fishmonger’s son Jackson suggests an allusion here to Lord Burghley for his enforcement of the unpopular fasting days when fish was perforce consumed, to the benefit of the fishing industry. Such an allusion would have seemed long out of date in 1616, when F1 was published. See Q, 3.1.169–71n. on Burghley’s background.
46 utter sell.
46 stockfish Dried cod had to be beaten before cooking (48).
47 conger A large salt-water eel, often found in the Thames estuary. Added in the F1 text for local particularity.
50 SD] Q , subst. (Exeunt Cob & Piso); not in F1
3.5 ] F1 (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅴ.)
3.5 The scene continues at Kitely’s house; Cash has just reported the approach of Matthew and the rest at 3.4.49. By 109 SD the scene has become Kitely’s warehouse, no doubt adjoining his house, with Stephen ‘practising to the post’ that is later described, at 3.6.36–7, as ‘in the middle of the warehouse’. The location shifts imperceptibly, as it is wont to do in early modern plays, even though 3.4 and 3.5 both appear to commence in the place where the previous scene left off.
0 SD] this edn; Well-bred, Ed. Kno’well, Brayne-worme, / Bobadill, Matthew, Stephen, / Thomas, Cob F1; Enter Matheo. Prospero, Lo.iunior, Bobadilla, Stephano, Musco Q
6 not I I didn’t recognize Brainworm either.
6 joined patent with been named (in a letter of authorization).
6 patent] F1 (patten)
7 the seven . . . masters In place of Q’s Nine Worthies, F1 substitutes the Seven Sages of Greece, including Solon and Thales, or else the Seven Wise Masters of Rome, who, according to folk legend, saved the son of Diocletian from his wicked stepmother by telling one tale to the Emperor each day and thereby postponing the execution until the son was released from seven days in which he had been obliged to remain silent and was able to tell a tale of his own. An earlier version of this story was ‘The Tale of the King, His Son, His Concubine, and the Seven Wazirs’, in a collection called Sandabar’s Parables and included among Scheherazade’s narratives in The Arabian Nights. It was widely translated from the Arabic and could be found in several versions in the sixteenth century (Jackson).
9 gentlemen . . . round soldiers on patrol duty.
9 skirts . . . city i.e. where unemployed veterans and other poor people begged.
10 provost Officer charged with keeping public order and safety.
10 halberdiers Solders with long-handled spearlike weapons.
11 hackney pace The slow pace of a plodding hired horse.
12 shove-groat shilling A coin filed smooth for use in a game of shovel-board. See Q, 3.2.11n.
13 reformados soldiers of a company that had been ‘reformed’, i.e. disbanded – originally, to make up or ‘re-form’ other companies. Epicene, 5.2.57, refers to ‘knights reformados’. A contemporary term, substituted for Q’s more classical ‘Pirgos’.
16 sergeant-major] F1 (Serieant-Maior)
16 sergeant-major Field officer next in rank to a lieutenant-colonel (see next note). On the substitutions here for Q’s colourful invocation of Tamburlaine and Agamemnon, see Q, 3.2.15–16n.
16–17 lieutenant-colonel] F1 (Lieutenant-Coronell)
16–17 lieutenant-colonel F1’s ‘Lieutenant-Coronell’ is an older form, from early French, still surviving in pronunciation (OED).
19 artificer artist, suggesting also ‘artful fellow’, ‘trickster’.
20 An artificer? An architect! i.e. He is no mere craftsman, but a master designer of tricks. This detail, added in the F1 revision, may suggest that by that time Jonson had grown increasingly impatient with Inigo Jones’s notions about the architect as a superior version of the artist.
21 weaver of language spinner of yarns (H&S). Cf. Q’s ‘weaver of phrases’ (3.2.20) and note.
22 it,] F1 (it!)
24 a Houndsditch man i.e. a pawnbroker, dealing in second-hand clothes. Such brokers were plentiful in Houndsditch, a disreputable London street (Chalfant, 1978, 101–3). Cf. Samuel Rowlands, The Letting of Humours Blood in the Head-vein (1600), sig. D2v: ‘into Houndsditch, to the brokers’ row’.
28 ergo therefore.
30 shifts evasions. Brainworm answers with a pun on ‘change of shirts’.
31 one (1) one trick; (2) one change of clothing.
31 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Piso); not in F1, but see Thomas in massed entry at 0 SD 33, 36, 39 cash] F1 (Tho.)
32 Cash is calling for household servants to fetch Kitely from Clement’s place. Cash calls again at 36, 49, and 52–3 below.
38 SD.2 Exit] Q , subst. (Exit Piso); not in F1
45 i’the university] F2; i’uniuersitie F1
46 taking . . . horse i.e. not yielding to Clement and his horse the safer and cleaner side of the street nearest the wall.
47 of on, or perhaps ‘off’.
47 serving of God Since even the whimsical Clement would be unlikely to commit a person to prison for being religiously devout, this F1 addition may point to the ostentation of piety that Jonson despised. In Ado, 4.2.13–17, Dogberry grills Borachio and Conrade as to whether they ‘serve God’. A comic hyperbole, underscoring what Wellbred means by ‘anything’.
48 SD F1 characteristically substitutes this ‘literary’ and unspecific stage direction for the precise exits and entrances in Q (3.2.28–76).
48 SD] in left margin in F1
50 pray] F1 (’pray)
51 match Flammable material such as a candle, wick, tow, or piece of rope that, when lighted, would continue to burn.
52 Fire on i.e. To hell with. An emphatic substitution for Q’s ‘A pox on’ or a misprint for ‘Fie on’.
53 SD] Q; not in F1
54–5 since . . . sevennight since a week ago yesterday.
55 Trinidado High quality tobacco from the New World.
57 sir,] Q, F1 ( sir?)
59 reprove refute. A substitution for Q’s ‘improve’.
59–62 where . . . only Hakluyt’s Principal Navigations contains an account of Floridian Indians so satisfied with tobacco that they went four or five days without food or drink.
62 simple a medicinal herb made from a single ingredient.
65 green fresh, raw, open.
66 balsamum A medicinal resin.
66 Saint John’s wort A common wildflower or herb, used on wounds. Added to Q’s account to provide English local colour.
67 Nicotian Named for Jacques Nicot, French ambassader at Lisbon, who introduced tobacco into France in 1560. See Q, 3.2.64n.
68–9 rheums . . . obstructions catarrhs, digestive disruptions, and bowel blockages.
71 sovereign efficacious.
71 weed plant. Replaces Q’s ‘herb’.
73 decently fittingly. Replaces Q’s ‘rare’.
74 tobacco-trader’s Specialized tobacconist shops were replacing the apothecary’s shops where tobacco had been previously sold – a change reflected in F1’s substitution for Q’s ‘pothecary’s’. See Q, 3.2.71n.
74 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Piso and Cob); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
75 he Kitely.
76 Cash has Cob by the ear.
78 Sancto Domingo Chief city on the island of Hispaniola.
79 SD] Q; not in F1
80–7 Cob’s diatribe is a distillation of many angry pronouncements against tobacco. King James’s well-known A Counterblast to Tobacco (1604) reflects a common opinion that was already familiar enough to have invited Cob’s wrath in the 1958 quarto version of EMI. See Q, 3.2.77–85n., for titles.
85 whipping In Q, Cob would impose the death sentence. Both phrases suggest the intensity of popular debate and hyperbole on the subject of smoking.
87 rosaker red arsenic, used as rat poison.
88 SD.1] Bobadill beats him with a cudgel] in right margin in F1
87 SD.2 Enter cash] Q , subst. (Enter Piso); not in F1
89 cullion i.e. knave, rascal. (Literally, testicle.)
91 Thou’rt] F1 (tho’art)
91 Thou’rt . . . served You got what you deserved.
92 meddle . . . match (1) have anything to do with a lighted ‘match’; (2) take on someone his own size. A proverbial phrase: cf. Bart. Fair, 1.4.77–8, and Und. 43.77 and n.
97 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Piso, and Cob); not in F1
108 this gentleman Matthew.
109 SD] in right margin opposite 111–12 in F1
109 SD post See Q, 3.2.106 SD.1n. for staging arrangement.
113 Wellbred’s caustic remark, probably said for Edward Knowell’s benefit, interprets Stephen’s affected ‘protest’ (112) as a solemn oath.
115 Ay, sir!] F1 (I sir!)
119 Artillery Garden Used for training practice by the Honourable Artillery Company, comprised of part-time citizen soldiers and often the subject of ridicule; e.g. Christmas His Masque (1616). The point of view is more complex in Und. 44.23–8, since Jonson there uses the city militia to knock the military incompetence of the aristocracy.
121 for your money i.e. for your entrance fee in the Honourable Artillery Company, and other incidental fees there, in return for which Stephen has the dubious benefit of being able to swear in the name of his ‘soldiership’.
124 in here into Thorello’s house, adjacent to the warehouse where this scene takes place.
125 salute his mistress greet Bridget.
132 drawn out padded, extended.
133–4 Edward Knowell extends the metaphor of dressing to cookery, with the oaths as larding or garnish for the otherwise impoverished fare of Stephen’s discourse. The French were noted for both cooking and colourful profanity; as Chapman neatly puts it in Caesar and Pompey (1631), 2.1: ‘Thou shalt . . . drink with the Dutchman, swear with the Frenchman, cheat with the Englishman, brag with the Scot.’ Cf. also East. Ho!, 1.1.6 (‘swear faster than a French bootboy’) and George Chapman’s Sir Giles Goosecap (1606), 1.2.
134 SD] Q; not in F1
3.6 ] (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅵ.)
3.6 At Justice Clement’s.
9 forkèd i.e. reminiscent of cuckold’s horns.
10 coming in coming.
15 ff. On the resemblance of this speech to Othello, 3.3, see Q, 3.3.14ff.n.
21 On the allusions here to the myth of Zeus’s seduction of Danae in a shower of gold, see Q, 3.3.20–1n.
23 cornucopiae Hinting at cuckold’s horns; see Q, 3.3.23n.
35 Bridewell By 1553 ‘a workhouse for the poor and idle persons of the city’ (Stow, Survey of London, 1603, 398); formerly a palace of Henry Ⅷ.
41–2 ] verse, as in Q; as prose, F1
42 SD] Q, subst. (Exit Tho.); not in F1
43 eggs . . . spit A proverbial expression for being in haste. See Q, 3.3.41n.
45–6 vinegar and mustard F1’s replacement for Q’s ‘russet’; see Q, 3.3.43n. Vinegar and mustard go together to make a salad dressing; both are sharp and fierce.
46 lain] F1 (lyen)
48 one This substitution for Q’s ‘owne’ could be the correction of an error in Q, though both make perfect sense. Either version leaves Bobadill with only one shirt.
48 one] F1; owne Q
49 bands neckbands.
50 monster of ingratitude See Lear, 1.5.39: ‘monster ingratitude’.
3.7 ] F1 (Act Ⅲ. Scene Ⅶ.)
3.7 The scene continues at Justice Clement’s.
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Doctor Clement, Lorenzo sen. Peto); Clement, Kno’well, For-/mall, Cob F1
1 What, ’s] Lever; What’s F1
7 Green Lattice A common identifying sign of, and name for, an inn.
8 scot and lot A parish tax; i.e. money paid for food and drink.
10 scot-free i.e. without paying; see previous note.
16 arms (1) upper limbs; (2) weapons.
18 i.e. ‘You’re certainly going the long way about it. With a pun on Cob’s ‘compass it’ (17): (1) bring it to fruition (Cob’s meaning); (2) encircle it, as with a pair of compass dividers (18).
20–2 an . . . me If a victim of an assault died within a year of the attack, the perpetrator could be indicted for murder.
24 pretence Similar in meaning to Q’s ‘pretext’.
24 colour pretext. (Cob replies punningly by referring to ‘black and blue’ as a colour.)
31 bob thump with the fist. An F1 addition, presumably for the fun of ‘bob’ – ‘Bobadill’.
34 vagrant i.e. vile, rascally.
41 tankards i.e. drunkards (literally, mugs or jugs). Perhaps too with reference to Cob’s water tankard (1.4.40).
47 pisspot i.e. pewter.
47 metal] F1 (mettle)
49 cabins tents.
50 to] F1 (too)
54 He . . . go] in parentheses in F1
54 fear frighten.
55 stink i.e. bepisss yourself in fright.
55 sweet Oliver For literary echoes of Orlando Furioso and AYLI, see Q, 3.3.92n.
58 SD] Q, subst. (Exeunt Peto with Cob); not in F1
63 staid] F1 (stay’d)
67 parcel . . . soldier Brainworm.
67 SD] Q; not in F1
4.1 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅰ.)
4.1 Kitely’s house.
4 ’Slud A variant of ‘’Slid’ (2.4.1) or ‘’Sblood’, the Q reading.
5 up and down A magical formula; see Q, 3.4.4–5n. for parallel instances.
5 sort band, company, group.
5 sprites spirits.
11 parboiled thoroughly boiled. F1’s ‘perboyl’d’ points to derivation from the Latin perbullio, –ire, with per as the intensifier (Lever 167). The modern sense of ‘partly boiled’ arises out of an erroneous derivation, ‘par’ as ‘part’; cf. ‘purblind’ meaning both partly and totally (purely) blind.
11 parboiled] F1 (perboyl’d)
11 every mother’s son A familiar phrase, as in MND, 1.2.63: ‘That would hang us, every mother’s son.’
12 e’er] F1 (e’re)
14 put . . . against stand up against (with unconscious erotic suggestion).
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Matheo with Hesperida, Bobadilla, Stephano, Lorenzo iu. Prospero, Musco); Mrs. Bridget, Mr. Matthew, Dame kite-/ly, Downe-right, Wel-bred, Ste-/phen, Ed. Kno’well, Boba-/dil, Brayne-worme, / Cash F1
4.2 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅱ.)
4.2 The scene continues.
4 mistress The woman whom the ‘servant’ adores and serves.
4 mean intend. With a play on ‘mean’, lowly, unworthy, in 3.
9 elegy A short lyric, not necessarily mournful.
10 To . . . withal To dupe a fool with. Proverbial. Downright is perhaps talking to himself, but presumably doesn’t care if others hear him.
15 Oh . . . foppery! i.e. What idiocy! (See previous note.)
15 SD] Q; not in F1
16–19 Can . . . bagpipe Cf. Shylock in MV, 4.1.49–50: ‘. . . others, when the bagpipe sings i’the nose, / Cannot contain their urine’.
18 worse than cheese Cf. Thomas Tomkis, Albumazar (1615), 3.9: ‘I hate glasses / As naturally as some do cats or cheese.’
19 lose] F2; loose F1
19 protestation i.e. Matthew’s coy insistence that his verse is only an ‘odd toy’ (9) or mere trifle.
22 censure of a – Either Matthew is at a loss for words or is attempting the courtly affectation of the pregnantly unfinished phrase.
29 incipere dulce ‘It is sweet to begin.’
30 Insipere dulce Young Knowell pronounces the phrase so as to produce ‘It is sweet to be a fool.’ See Q, 3.4.42n. for explanation of the Latin wordplay and for parallel instances.
32 incipere] G; Insipere F1
33–4 i.e. It was your idea of putting Matthew on display as a bad poet.
34 mot] Q, F1 (motte)
34 mot word, motto.
35–6 i.e. Oh, that’s what loungers on benches might say: ‘Few words are best.’
37–40, 43–4, 49–50 From Marlowe’s Hero and Leander. See Q, notes at 3.4.49–62 for detailed interpretation.
38 Would] F1, correct printing; would displaced in many copies of F1
39 To] F1, correct printing; to displaced in many copies of F1
45 SD.2 Master . . . head] in left margin opposite 45–7 in F1
48 catastrophe denouement.
51–2 free . . . wit-brokers i.e. a member of a London guild of dealers in second-hand wit.
61 Ay, would F1 (I, would) could also be modernized as ‘I would’.
61 Ay, would] F1 (I, would)
62 the Star Evidently the tavern to which Matthew and Bobadill adjourned earlier in the morning (1.5.147–9), replacing the ‘Mitre’ tavern of Q (3.4.80 and note). The Star was probably in Coleman Street in London, near Justice Clement’s house and the rest of the action in F1 (Chalfant, 1978, 167–8).
65–6 i.e. The planets governing Matthew’s destiny have got even with him by spelling out disaster, dooming him to be a bad poet. (Said jocosely.)
69–70 ] as prose, Lever; as verse (Body . . . admirable! / The best . . . souldier.) in F1
71 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Giuliano); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
73 simple (1) plain, honest; (2) simple-minded.
74 encomions encomiums. See Q, 3.4.90n. on this Greek form.
76–7 drowned . . . desire For echoes of the story of Narcissus, see Q, 3.4.92–3n.
84 vied and revied in which the stakes have been raised. For punning on ‘tricks’ (merry-tricks, meretrix), see Q, 3.4.94–102n.
85 keep keep up.
88 Nay, you, The comma after ‘you’ in F1, not present in Q, may suggest that Wellbred pauses briefly to consider what colourful insult will be best suited to the occasion. Cf. EMO, 2.3.163: ‘Peace, you bandog, peace!’
88 lamp of virginity Recalling the wise and foolish virgins of Matthew 25.1–13 and the seven lamps of Revelation 4.5.
88 take it in snuff take offence at it. (With the suggestion of a snuffed candle.)
89–90 you’ll . . . concealment i.e. you’ll be accused of concealing his genius. See Q, 3.4.105–6n. on the illegal practice of concealment of information about privately held monastic lands.
92 teston sixpence. See Q, 3.4.108n. on prices of books.
95 I wuss Indeed. A dialect form, suitable for Downright. It replaces ‘I wisse’ in Q, 3.4.111.
97 Whose . . . calved? Proverbial (Dent, C756): i.e. Who has got what he wanted? What’s going on? Cf. Falstaff in 2H4, 2.1.32: ‘How now, whose mare’s dead? What’s the matter?’
99 ay, sir F1’s ‘I, sir,’ is plausibly modernized by some editors (e.g. Jackson and Lever) as ‘I, sir,’ but the phrasing in Q (‘ile tell you of it by Gods bread, I, and you and your companions . . .’, 3.4.113–14) suggests ‘Ay’ there for Q’s ‘I’ and, by analogy, in this F1 passage as well. Either is defensible. F1 explicitly reads ‘Yes’ (102) in a parallel construction.
99 Ay, sir] F1 (I, sir)
102 your] F1 state 2; you state 1
103 hang-bys As at 3.1.47, a contemptuous term for dependants or hangers-on (OED, citing Gosson’s School of Abuse, 1579, as its first instance). Cf. Cynthia (F), 5.2.14: ‘Enter none but the ladies and their hang-bys.’
104 potlings fellow tipplers.
104 soldados soldiers. (Said in Spanish to jeer at cosmopolitan affectation.) Cf. Tub, 3.9.4: ‘Disguised soldado-like’.
104 foolados An invented pseudo-Spanish term for ‘fools’.
106 Slops Bobadill, in baggy trousers.
109 Cut a whetstone According to Livy (1.36), a famous augur named Attus Navius, at the bidding of Tarquinius Priscus, cut a whetstone through with a razor – a prodigiously difficult feat (616–578 BC). In Chapman’s Bussy D’Ambois, 1.2, the title figure alludes to this story sceptically, as does the present passage. Wellbred mockingly implies that Downright has his work cut out for him, since Wellbred intends to intercede.
112, 114 SD] this edn; ‘They all draw, and they of the house make out to part them’, in left margin in F1
114 SD.2 make . . . them manage or make shift to part the fighters (OED, Make v.1 91c (b)). Cf. Q, 3.4.127 SD, where the entry of the Servants is made explicit.
116 Holofernes Assyrian general beheaded by Judith; a ranting tyrant. See Q, 3.4.129n, for the story.
117 SD] in left margin in F1
121 coistrel knave, varlet.
0 SD] ‘To them’ in left margin in F1
4.3 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅲ.)
4.3 The scene continues.
9 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Prospero, Lorenzo iu. Musco, Stephano, Bobadillo, Matheo); not in F1
10 enforced urged, impelled forward.
11 A sort . . . rakehells A motley crew of ill-mannered scoundrels.
12 must come insist on coming.
12–13 mar the knot maim the lot.
14 Songs and Sonnets i.e. Matthew, whose stolen verse is in the vein of Tottel’s Songs and Sonnets, known as Tottel’s Miscellany (1557).
16 Too] F1 (To)
21–2 as prose, G; as verse, Q, F1 (Respect . . . such, / As . . . manners? / ’Sdeynes . . . respect?)
21 nor spark neither spark.
22 ’Sdeynes By God’s deynes, or ‘dines’, i.e. dignity; cf. 2.1.65n.
22 SD] Q; not in F1
24 demeaned behaved.
27 portion dowry, over which Bridget’s brother would have control until her marriage. This detail is not found in Q.
29 good parts Kitely picks up bitterly on the potential resonance of ‘parts’ as sexual members in 31–4 below.
29 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Hespersda, Biancha); not in F1
43 One . . . him One whom they call. Cf. Q, 3.4.176 and note on Q’s different punctuation.
45 I’ll . . . have Q (3.4.178) clarifies the meaning: ‘I’ll be hanged if they have not’. ‘But’ means ‘if not’ (Abbott, §126). Cf. Q, 3.2.1: ‘but it was’, meaning ‘if it wasn’t’.
47 a master bountiful, worthy of the name of master.
47 SD] Q; not in F1
4.4 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene ⅠⅢ.)
4.4 Cob’s house.
0 SD] G; Enter Cob, to him Tib/Q; Cob, Tib F1
2 SD.2 [Enter] tib] G; ‘to him Tib’ at 0 SD in Q; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
4 stunned] F1 (stonn’d)
4–5 You . . . by me Cob may be struck on the head by Tib’s sudden opening of the door, thus farcically reinforcing the joke about cuckold’s horns.
6–7 ] as prose, H&S; as verse, F1 (Away . . . knockt? / Come . . . list.)
9 i.e. You have given me the most unpardonable of lies.
12 must . . . soldier With a suggestion of sexual penetrating.
13 foist cheat, rogue, pickpocket. Q’s ‘slave’ conveys much the same idea. Cf. 4.7.102 below, and Alch., 4.7.16.
13 Burgullian Burgundians were known for their aggressive fencing. See Q, 3.5.15n.
16 sumptuously] F2; sumptiously F1
16–17 in black . . . blue in a warrant for Downright’s arrest for his having beaten me ‘black and blue’.
18 brave Trojan ‘bully’ companion.
20 smoked given a hot time. With wordplay on ‘smoke’ in the same line.
22–6 no body With an undertow of sexual meaning that is obscured by modernizing to ‘nobody’.
30 sweet i.e. chaste.
32 close closed. (With the suggestion of preventing sexual entry.)
32 SD] Q; not in F1
4.5 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅴ.)
4.5 A street.
0 SD] this edn; Ed. Kno’well, Well-bred, Stephen, / Brayne-worme F1; Enter Lorenzo iu. Prospero, Stephano, Musco Q
1–2 ] as prose, H&S; as verse, F1 (Well . . . happily, / And . . . for-euer,)
4 remember . . . brother Perhaps Wellbred has instructed Brainworm to whet Downright’s animosity towards the cowardly bragging of Bobadill and Matthew.
5 start startle, rouse, goad into action.
8 Make it no question Have no doubts. Cf. Q, 3.6.8: ‘Make no question.’
9 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Musco); not in F1
14 ingenuously frankly. Substituted for Q’s ‘zealously’, earnestly.
14 affect my sister love my sister-in-law.
15 pretend’st profess, claim.
18 except . . . her unless I thought very well of her.
24 Point Appoint, name.
27 In response to young Knowell’s probably ironic observation about the need for temperateness in the swearing of oaths, Wellbred omits (at the second dash) the oath spoken by Prospero in Q, 3.6.26, as well as other strong oaths in Q: ‘’Sblood’ (20) and ‘By Saint Mark’ (22). ‘’Sblood’ is replaced in F1 by ‘’Slid’, and ‘by my soul’ is replaced by a dash. This expurgation may be partly in response to the prohibition against stage oaths (Lever), though Barbara Mowat argues (Mowat, 2005) that Jonson is responding no less to a deeply felt and widely shared rejection of blasphemy in this period, especially in dramatic language; see the Epistle Dedicatory to Volp., where Jonson complains of ‘stage-poetry’ made up of ‘nothing but ribaldry, profanation, blasphemy, all licence of offence to God and man’, and of ‘brothelry able to violate the ear of a pagan and blasphemy to turn the blood of a Christian to water’. Even the Q text, the young men in this play seem aware of the need for circumspection.
28 Pray] F (’Pray)
4.6 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅵ.)
4.6 A street.
0 SD.1 Enter . . . brainworm] Q , subst. (Enter Lorenzo senior, Peto, meeting Musco); Formall, Kno’well, / Brayne-worme F1
4 You’ve] F1 (yo’haue)
17–18 Scholars were thought capable of practising black magic. See Q, 4.1.17–18n. for parallel instances.
27 but they] F2; but thy F1
27–8 seemed men manifested their valour. ‘Seemed’ means ‘were seen as’, as in the Latin videor as the passive of video, –ere (H&S). Cf. Alch., 1.3.70–1: ‘The rest, / They’ll seem to follow.’
31 SD] Q; not in F1
32 anatomy dissected body; skeleton.
34 bottom of packthread coil of stout twine.
36 brave fine, showily dressed; substituted here for Q’s ‘rich’.
43 SD] Q , subst. (Exit), after 42; not in F1
44 Much . . . son An expression of delighted incredulity. See Q, 4.1.43n.
45 travailing] F1 (trauelling)
48–9 a nupson . . . novice i.e. this simpleton (Formal) who serves Justice Clement. Cf. Q’s ‘an ounce now of this doctor’s clerk’ (4.1.48 n). ‘Nupson’ is a rare word; of OED’s three citations, two are Jonson’s, this being the earliest, and Devil, 2.2.77–8 (‘who, having matched with such a nupson’) the last.
51 papers.] F1 (papers–)
54 pottle two-quart pot.
58–9 the Roman histories Perhaps a popular compilation out of Tacitus and Livy.
59 Mile End See 2.5.133n. Formal betrays his lack of sophistication in his admiration for this training ground for the citizens’ militia.
62 Windmill F1’s substitution for ‘Mermaid’ in Q. It is mentioned in F1 at 1.2.76, and is the location of 3.1–2.
63 grist Literally, malt crushed or ground for brewing (OED, 4), and hence by extension (though not given in OED) a beer. Formal’s ‘grist, we call it’ suggests that ‘grist’ in this sense is a cant phrase of recent coinage. It is particularly relevant to a windmill, where grinding and crushing take place. Cf. the idiom, ‘grist to the mill’.
65 make grist o’you pulverize you. See 63n.
66 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Babadillo, Lorenzo iu, Matheo, Stephans); Matthew, Ed. Kno’well, Bobadill, / Stephen, Downe-right. / with ‘To them’ in right margin F1
4.7 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅶ.)
4.7 A street.
0 SD F1’s grouped entrance includes Downright, along with the marginal notation, ‘To them’. He enters at 91 SD below. Cf. EMO, 5.2 and 5.3, and Bart. Fair, 1.1 and 5.4, where similar marginal directions at massed headers signify entrances later in the scene. Often such marginal directions signal an entrance at the start of the scene (e.g. Bart. Fair, 2.3, 2.4, 2.5), but a later entrance is perfectly consistent with Jonson’s practice of massed headers, pace H&S, who find this present notation at 4.7 ‘wrongly placed’.
1 eyes . . . taste Cf. Case, 4.4.19–20: ‘all the earthly objects that mine eyes / Have ever tasted’; Lear, 2.4.284: ‘and must needs taste his folly’; and TN, 3.1.67: ‘Taste your legs, sir’. OED, Taste v. 1: ‘To try, examine, or explore by touch; to feel; to handle. Obs.’; 2: ‘To put to the proof; to try, test. Obs.’ Cf. 4.10.61n.
6 bastinado cudgelling, as at 1.5.83 above; cf. 42 below, where it means the cudgel.
7 that.] F1 (that –)
8 generously nobly, gallantly, courageously.
10 motion fencing move.
11 SD] in right margin in F1
12 Rare The absence of a comma after ‘Rare’ in F1 leaves open the possibility of reading the phrase ‘O excellent Captain!’, but the likelier idiom is that ‘Rare’ is said in praise of the fencing expertise. Q’s simpler ‘Oh, rare!’ supports this reading.
13 punto! Italian, punning on (1) an instant of time; (2) a thrust with the point of a sword or rapier. Cf. 59 below.
14 prove yourself try out and demonstrate your expertise.
16 hope trust, have confidence (OED, v. 2).
17 I . . sir F1 transposes this phrase from its less appropriate location in Q at 4.2.31 (the equivalent of line 27 in F1) to the beginning of the present speech, where it smoothes what appears in Q as a rather abrupt beginning for Bobadilla (Lever). Bobadill’s posturing in this scene reflects a heated rivalry in London in the 1590s between the English school of defence in the use of the short sword and imported Italian teaching in the use of the rapier; the latter, espoused by Vincentio Saviolo, was much ridiculed by zenophobic Englishmen. Cf. Mercutio’s animadversions at the expense of Tybalt in Rom., 2.4.18–31.
18 travail F1’s ‘trauaile’ captures the familiar dual sense of (1) labour; (2) journeying.
18 travail] F1 (trauaile)
18 mystery (1) skill, craft; (2) calling, profession (OED, Mystery n.2 2a, c). Cf. AWW, 3.6.49–52: ‘if you think your mystery in stratagem can bring this instrument of honour again into his native quarter, be magnanimous in the enterprise and go on’. The mention of the city of London in the previous phrase might also suggest metaphorically a trade guild.
23 opposite in diameter diametrically opposite.
24 protested affirmed, promised.
29 prevention self-defence.
29–30 have purchased . . . admiration Q’s version, ‘hath got them since admirable credit’, clarifies the meaning. ‘Credit’ means reputation; ‘admiration’ suggests amazement.
34 some three . . . six On this Falstaff-like penchant for inflating numbers, and a possible recollection of Vincentio Saviolo, see Q, 4.2.32n.
35 skirts outskirts.
35–6 Turnbull, Whitechapel, Shoreditch Seedy districts. Stow’s Survey of London calls Turnbull Street (i.e. Turnmill Street) ‘the most disreputable street in London’ (533). Falstaff speaks of Justice Shallow as one who ‘hath done nothing but prate to me of the wildness of his youth and the feats he hath done about Turnbull street’ (2H4, 3.2.247–9). In Bart. Fair, Jordan Knockem is ‘a Horse-courser and ranger o’ Turnbull’. Shoreditch (i.e. Sewer-ditch) and Whitechapel are prominently featured in the devil Iniquity’s proposed tour of London in Devil, 1.1.61. Jonson duelled with Gabriel Spencer in 1598 in Shoreditch, near the Curtain theatre; the area is alluded to with amused condescension in Devil, 4.7.65, and Tub, 3.6.5 (Chalfant, 1978, 160–1, 185–6, and 198). See also Nashe’s Pierce Penniless, 1592 (ed. McKerrow, 1.217).
36 the Exchange the Royal Exchange, built in 1568, as at 2.1.10, 3.3.44 and 62 above. See Q, 4.2.33n.
37 ordinary public eating house.
40 pismire ant.
40 spurn abroad kick apart.
42 bastinado cudgel.
42 polity Identical in meaning with Q’s ‘pollicie’. Whether the revision is simply a spelling variant or a substantive change is not certain.
42 polity] F1 (politie); pollicie Q
46 peculiar particular. See Q, 4.2.43n.
49 under seal closed up tight with an official seal.
50 Her Majesty . . . lords An English detail, changed from ‘the Duke’ in Q. Queen Elizabeth died in 1603.
53 three parts three quarters.
58 a character (1) a feature, trait; (2) ‘a secret mode of discerning’ (Lever, deriving the meaning from character, cipher, OED, 7). Q reads ‘trick’.
59–60 punto . . . montanto Various thrusts in fencing; for individual definitions, see Q, 4.2.56–7n.
66–7 that’s two hundred Actually, twenty score is four hundred.
67 hundred] F1 (hundreth)
71 civilly in a gentlemanly fashion.
73 miss thrust F1’s ‘misse thrust’ replaces Q’s ‘mistrust’, perhaps suggesting a play on words.
73 miss thrust] F1 (misse thrust); mistrust Q
76 welkin sky. A flowery term, suitable for an oath and decorous enough to be inserted into F1. Cf. 5.5.12 and Q, 5.3.222.
79 at my distance This F1 addition seems calculated to give Matthew a margin of prudent safety in his boasting.
79 SD At the head of this scene, F1 seems to indicate that Downright is to enter ‘to them’ when he makes his appearance.
79 SD] in right margin opposite 80–2 in F1
80 Godso] F1 (Gods so’)
82 SD] Lever; not in F1; Enter Giuliano and goes out agayne Q (at 85)
83 he.] F1 (he?)
89 he . . . so I wouldn’t have let him go like that. Cf Q, 4.2.84: ‘he could not have gone so.’
91 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Giulliano); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
94 tools weapons.
94 gypsy i.e. canting rogue, liar – here a term with special resonance associating ‘gypsy’ with ‘Egyptian’ (cf. Ant., 4.12.28, where Antony compares Cleopatra to ‘a right gypsy’), since Bobadill is given to swearing ‘by the foot of Pharaoh’ (e.g. F1, 1.4.61 and 1.5.89), or ‘by the life of Pharaoh’ (Q, 1.3.56 and 146, 1.4.103, etc.).
94 thrash] F1 (thresh)
95 I do . . . thee i.e. I believe what you’re saying. (Not in Q.)
97 Tall Bold, brave, goodly.
100 SD] in right margin in F1
101 bobadill] F1 (Bob.); Lo.iu. Q
101 F1’s reassignment of this speech from Lorenzo Jr in Q to Bobadill here may be the correction of an error, or an intentional change on Jonson’s part. The Q assignment is also feasible.
102 foist cheat, rogue, as at 4.4.13.
103 control the point control your opponent’s weapon with your own.
104 SD] this edn; not in Q, F1; Exit G
105 bound . . . peace See Q, 4.2.91n. for contemporary illustrations.
108 the law . . . yourself See Q, 4.2.99–100n., on the law regarding self-defence.
110 construction interpretation of the incident.
110 in fair sort in a fair way, in all fairness.
111 struck . . . planet stricken by malign planetary influence.
111 struck] F1 (strooke)
111 thence from heaven. F1’s substitution for Q’s ‘then’.
114 planet Jackson suggests a secondary meaning here of a chasuble, or mantle worn by priests, playing on the primary meaning of ‘celestial body’ in 111. The clerical meaning is rare in English, but is possible, given Jonson’s learning and experience as a Catholic. Perhaps an allusion to beatings given to Catholic priests; see Q, 4.2.103–4n.
115 SD] Q , subst. (Exit), at 112; not in F1
116 manners! A recollection of Cicero’s famous ‘O tempora, O mores!’ (In Catilinam, 1.1.2). In Epicene, 2.2.6, Jonson translates as ‘O men! O manners!’ Here it substitutes for ‘O God’, deleting a reference to the deity. See Q, 4.2.106n.
116–17 That . . . ’em Repeated in Devil, 4.4.191–2.
120 ta’en up Q’s ‘tane it vp’ is a more plausible reading, but F1 is possible.
120 ta’en up] F1(tane vp); tane it vp Q
122 challenge claim.
124 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Thorello, Prospero, Biancha. Hesperida); Kitely, Wel-bred, Dame kit. Brid-/get, Brayne-worme, / Cash F1
4.8 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅷ.)
4.8 Kitely’s house.
2 his Downright’s.
5 civil war disturbances of the public peace.
5 adjection addition.
6 occasion taking the occasion to act.
8 tall brave.
8 his own man truly himself.
9 valour] Lever, subst.; valure Q, F1
12 fall in fall out (?). See Q, 4.3.11n.
15 be poisoned See Q, 4.3.14–15n. on widespread fears of Italianate methods of secret poisoning.
18 See Q, 4.3.18n. on customs of drinking.
21 mithridate An antidote for poison, named for Mithridates VII of Pontus. See Q, 4.3.21n.
22 oil olive oil, sometimes used as an emetic.
28–9 ] as verse, Q (subst.); as prose, F1 (Beshrew . . . Prospero, / For . . . head.)
30 a fit simile i.e. Wellbred’s argument by analogy in 7–12.
36 SD] brainworm not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD; ‘He comes . . . man’ in right margin in F1; Enter Musco like the doctors man Q
41 SD] Q; not in F1
44 proper fine penman fine young clerk, Formal.
44–5 bestow . . . o’me i.e. buy me drinks. See 4.6.63.
45 so I] F1; I so Q
46 I made . . . admiration I made him admirably drunk, or drunk with admiration for my war stories. Cf. Q, 4.3.44–5: ‘I made him monstrous drunk.’
46 too much heat Wine was thought to heat the blood. See Q, 4.3.45n.
49 brown bill rust-coloured halberd. See Q, 4.3.47n.
53 the Tower ‘They could be married at once within the precincts of the Tower, which was extra-parochial’ (H&S, 9.385). Cf. William Rowley’s A Match at Midnight, 1633, sig. G2v: ‘She will . . . go with you to your lodging, lie there all night, and be married i’th’morning at the Tower, as soon as you shall please.’ H&S cite Wit’s Recreation (1640), 148, On a gentleman that married an heir privately at the Tower. The phrase ‘the liberty of the house’ (56) points to this special status of the Tower outside parish jurisdiction, but is, as Lever observes, ironic in view of the Tower’s being a prison. The practice was stopped in 1632 by the Court of High Commission.
54 stored F1’s substitute for Q’s ‘sturde’, stirred.
54 stored] F1 (stor’d); sturde Q
57 SD.1 Exit Brainworm] Q , subst. (Exit); not in F1
57 SD.2 Enter kitely and cash] Enter Thorello to him Pizo Q; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
59 Lay . . . ears i.e. Give me your full attention.
64 the jest is stale i.e. that’s an old ruse. ‘Stale’ also suggests ‘whore’ and ‘deceptive allurement’.
66 after behind you.
67 band neckband or hatband.
76 SD] Q , subst. (Exit Thorello); not in F1
81 haunts] F1 (hants)
85 for in return for.
86 I would to fortune A decorous substitution for Q’s ‘I would to Christ’ (4.3.84).
86–7 return . . . own give him what’s coming to him.
87 SD] Q , subst. (Exeunt Pizo and Biancha); not in F1
92 unless . . . touching For the wordplay on ‘touch’, ‘touching’, and ‘touches’, see Q, 4.3.91n. and 92–3n.
94 ceruse white lead used as a cosmetic.
95 in the – On the dash, see Q, 4.3.94n.
97 bonfires] F1 (bone-fires)
99 There’s . . . party Nothing can be objected against Edward Knowell.
100–1 a minute’s . . . beauty Cf. Hym., 341: ‘A minute’s loss in love is sin.’
107 squire (1) servant of a knight–adventurer; (2) ‘apple-squire’ or pimp.
109 see who . . . us!] Lever, subst.; see! who . . . vs? F1
109 SD] G, subst.; Enter Clement and Thorello Q; not in F1
110–11 What . . . for The equivalent speech in Q (at 4.3.110–11) is assigned to Clement. He has been excised from this scene in F1.
113 Whither] F2; whether / F1
115 dors makes a fool of.
117–18 ] lineation, Wh; Beast . . . shee? / Brid. I know not, sir. / Well. Ile . . . gone. / Kite. Whither, good brother? F1
121 haunt] F1 (hant)
124 SD] Q; not in F1
125 lose] F1 (loose)
125 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Matheo and Bobadillo); Matthew, Bobadil, Brayne-worme, / Downe-right. / with ‘To them’ in right margin F1
4.9 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅸ.)
4.9 A street.
0 SD F1 introduces Downright in the opening SD of this scene, along with a marginal indication ‘To them’ (cf. 4.7.0 SD and note), though Downright does not seem to enter anywhere in the present scene. This alteration may suggest that Jonson thought of bringing Downright briefly onstage in pursuit of Matthew (H&S, 9.386).
3 respectful . . . lineaments A euphemism for saving one’s skin by running away.
5 rude part (1) unmannerly act; (2) role played.
7 Venice, as you say? Being located in London, Matthew knows this about Venice only by reputation at a considerable distance; Q’s simpler reference to ‘Venice’ (4.4.7) is appropriate to an Italian setting.
8 your . . . gentilezza your nobly born, your aristocratic gentlemen. The correct Italian plural would be ‘nobili’.
9 reverse backstroke.
10 retricato retreat. See Q, 4.4.10n., on Bobadill’s familiarity with instruction manuals for fencing.
10 assalto assault, attack.
11 base wood cudgel. See Q, 4.4.11n.
12 fascinated F1’s substitution here for Q’s ‘bewitched’ captures the root meaning of ‘fascinated’, from Lat. fascino, –are, i.e. to enchant, put under a spell.
12 unwitched freed from a witchcraft charm. (See OED, Unwitch v.; ‘Unwitched’, not listed, may well be Jonson’s coinage.) See previous note.
16 SD] Lever, subst.; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD; Enter Musco Q
25–7 See Q, 4.4.24–6n., for a gloss on this speech.
30 account] F1 (accompt)
30 a brace of angels a pair of coins, together worth about £1; an exorbitant fee.
34 cross English penny or halfpenny, imprinted with a cross.
34 by fortune F1’s substitute for Q’s ‘by Jesu’ censors the blasphemy even while it also plays on the idea of bearing the cross of misfortune.
36 wine and radish An aid to digestion. Q (4.4.34) reads ‘wine and cakes’. See F1, 1.5.138, on radish and salt.
36 radish] F1 (redish)
38 jewel See Q, 4.4.36n., on the gentlemanly wearing of jewels at the ear.
53 jewel.] Q, F1 (iewell?)
62 SD] Q , subst.; not in F1
64 varlet’s arresting sergeant’s. See Q, 4.4.52n.
65 SD SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Lorenzo senior); Kno’wel, Tib, Cash, Dame Kitely, / Kitely, Cob F1
4.10 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅹ.)
4.10 Before Cob’s house.
13 SD.2 Enter . . . Kitely] Q , subst. (Enter Pizo, and Biancha); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
15 female copesmate confederate and mistress.
15 son] F1 (sonne?)
19 Belike . . . shut Dame Kitely suggests belligerently that Tib is a bawd guarding the door of a brothel.
19 SD] Q , at 17; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
20 pray] F1 (’pray)
21 So . . . it? i.e. Are you pretending not to understand what I am asking?
22 tried (1) tried and true; (2) sorely tried.
23 tried (1) arraigned; (2) sexually solicited.
27 SD [Enter] kitely] Q , subst. (Enter Thorello); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
27 SD] She spies . . . to him] in right margin in F1
29 close secret, private.
34 change diversion, novelty.
37 twice sod twice boiled, made stale and tasteless by familiarity. See Q, 5.1.37.
37 treacher deceiver. See Q, 5.1.37.
38 She can’t simply be pretending.
41 Thy bawd i.e. Cash.
42 SD] in left margin in F1 at 42–3
43 Close (1) Secretly; (2) Intimately.
45 SD] in left margin in F1
46 powers’ inchastity F1’s ‘powers in chastitie’ is likely to be a compositorial misreading of Q’s ‘powers inchastitie’; it is an attempt to make sense of something the compositor found puzzling. This is more likely than that Jonson wrote ‘powers inchastity’ in Q and then deliberately revised it to ‘powers in chastity’ in F1, with an opposite meaning.
46 powers’ inchastity] Lever; powers in chastitie F1
49 thee, I, F1 (thee, I,) could also be modernized ‘thee! Ay,’.
50 SD This unusual stage direction may mean that Kitely is speaking with reference to Thomas Cash or is standing beside him. Cf. the marginal note in Bart. Fair, 5.4.30: ‘By Edgeworth’, where again the two meanings are possible. The first is perhaps more likely.
50 SD] in left margin in F1
52 sir –] F1 (sir.)
54 haunts] F1 (hants) (and occasionally elsewhere)
55 B, A, D With wordplay on ‘bad’ and ‘bawd’. Kitely is evidently spelling it out for satirical emphasis; cf. ‘her very c’s, her u’s, and her t’s’ in the letter designed to deceive Malvolio (TN, 2.5.75). F1 reads ‘B A’ D’. The modernization chosen by most editors (‘Ba’d’) leaves the line metrically short.
56 hoddy-doddy i.e. cuckold. (Literally, a snail shell, and hence a contemptible horned creature.)
57 apple-squire i.e. pimp, as at 4.8.107n.
61 taste begin to perceive, sense (OED, 1, 2; cf. 4.7.1n.). Old Knowell’s perception of his own folly in 60–3 is only hinted at in Q, and his inclination towards forgiving his son is lacking there.
64 SD.2 [Enter] cob] Q , at 55; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
69 i.e. Truly, it’s lustful old Knowell Sr and Dame Kitely, knowledgeable beyond her years in sinful ways. See Q, 5.1.78n.
71 Am . . . thither? i.e. Am I promoted to being the owner of a whorehouse, with my wife the bawd?
71 SD] in left margin in F1
72 Is’bel With a play on Jezebel, Ahab’s ruthless queen (2 Kings, 8), whose name had become a byword for profligacy. Cf. Revelation, 2.20. ‘Tib’ is evidently a nickname for ‘Isabel’, and also for a cat. The double entendre here on ‘keep your doors shut’ and ‘open for all comers’ reinforces the sexual meaning.
78 hemp The stem of the hemp plant was beaten to yield its fibre in the making of rope. Seymour-Smith adds: ‘prostitutes did this work in Bridewell’.
81 quean whore.
81 SD] Q; not in F1
4.11 ] F1 (Act ⅡⅡ. Scene Ⅺ.)
4.11 A street.
0 SD] Lever, subst.; Brayne-worme, Matthew, Boba-/dil, Stephen, Downe-/right F1; Enter Musco alone Q
1 most like myself The point is clearer in Q, (5.2.1–2), where Musco disguises himself as a ‘varlet’, i.e. arresting sergeant, but with suggestions of trickery in the name. Brainworm has himself used the term in F1 at 4.9.59 and 64.
4–5 diminutive . . . itself Brainworm’s mace or staff of office bears a small artichoke, symbolic of authority; with resonances of spicery in mace (nutmeg spice) and pepper and salt (good for rubbing salt in a wound, as a satirist does). See Q, 5.2.4–5n.
5 artichoke] F1 (artichocke)
7 off] F1 (of)
7 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Bobadilla and Matheo); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
11 man?] Q, F1 (man.)
16 SD] Lever, subst.; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD; Enter Stephano Q
18 i’the Queen’s name If Jonson expected his audience to understand a reference here and in 33 to the reign of Queen Elizabeth Ⅰ (1558–1603) as part of the play’s contemporary London setting, he could have been working on his F1 revision relatively soon after 1601. See 4.7.50n.
24 how F1’s ‘now’ is probably an easy error of transcription of Q’s ‘how’, even if F1 can be defended.
24 how] Q; now F1
25 SD] Q , subst. (Enter Giulliano); not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
27 turned filcher See Q, 5.2.25n., on a textual crux.
27 turned filcher] F1 (turn’d filtcher)
37 make the Justice win over or prepare Justice Clement. Q reads ‘prepare the doctor’. Cf. Sej., 2.123: ‘Were Lygdus made, that’s done’, and Volp., 2.6.57 and 4.5.110 (H&S, 9.388).
38 tall See 4.7.97n.
38 SD] Q , subst. (Exeunt Bobadilla and Matheo); not in F1
50 this gentleman’s Stephen’s.
55 swinge thrash.
63–4 I do . . . behind i.e. I want to keep you, with your guilty look, where I can see you. Cf. Pompey in MM, 4.2.25: ‘you have a hanging look’.
67 SD] Q; not in F1
0 SD] F1 (Clement, Kno’wel, Kitely, Dame / Kitely, Tib, Cash, Cob, / Servants); Enter doctor Clement, Thorello, Lorenzo se. Biancha, / Pizo, Tib, a seruant or two of the Doctors Q
5.1 ] F1 (Act Ⅴ. Scene Ⅰ.)
5.1 Clement’s house.
7–8 ] prose, H&S; as two lines of verse, Q, F1 (Nay . . . clarke: / And . . . me.)
18 used (1) frequented; (2) used women sexually.
24 ff. On the difficulties of explaining Clement’s questions here in the light of F1’s deletions of portions of the Q text, see Q, 5.3.24n.
25 wife’s] F1 (wiues)
32 prove so turn out to be as alleged.
33 i.e. (sardonically) That seems likely enough, and is in a fair way to being nearly a wise pronouncement, a scrap of wisdom.
33 SD] G, subst.; Enter one of the Do. men Q , after 34; not in F1, but see massed entry at 0 SD
39–43 For a contemporary London anecdote in which a ‘merry recorder’ similarly armed himself in anticipation of the arrival of a petitioning soldier, see Q, 5.3.35ff.n.
40 SD] in left margin in F1
41 gorget throat armour.
42 SD.3 [Enter] . . . matthew] F1, in massed entry after line 43, below ‘Act V. Scene II.’; similarly below line 43 in Q
5.2 ] F1 (Act Ⅴ. Scene Ⅱ.)
5.2 2 pretence claim.
6 coarse] F1 (course)
9–10 laid me along laid me flat.
12 off] F1 (of)
13 put up put up with.
15 SD] Q , subst., below line 13 (Enter Seruant), not in F1
20 picture i.e. Bobadill, the mere pretence of a soldier.
20 SD.2 [Enter . . . brainworm] F1, in massed entry after line 21, below ‘Act V. Scene III.’; in Q, opposite 20–1 (Enter Mus. with Giu. & Stephano)
21 Freshwater’s i.e. Bobadill’s (because he is a faint-hearted neophyte, like a freshwater soldier).
5.3 ] F1 (Act Ⅴ. Scene Ⅲ.)
3 sir.] Q, F1 (sir?)
5.3 12 breathe catch breath, pause, be put on hold.
21 discharge exoneration from accusation or blame.
29 off] F1 (of) (also at 91)
29 SD He flourishes . . . long-sword] in right margin in F1
30–44 I must . . . ‘must’ Clement whimsically threatens Musco with the word Musco has reportedly used to arrest Downright.
48 lose] F1 (loose)
54–5 Brainworm appeals to Justice Clement both in the name of his office and in the name of the goddess of justice, conventionally portrayed with a sword (signifying rigour) and balance (signifying evenhandedness). The image does not appear in Q. As Jackson notes, the image derives comic point from the extravagant gestures that Clement has been making with his sword.
58–9 pardon me only only pardon me (Abbott, §420).
59 I’ll . . . exploits i.e. I’m proud otherwise of all I’ve done; or, perhaps, ‘I’ll behave admirably from now on.’
60 you know . . . me i.e. you know that I never wish to appear grudging in the granting of approval and generosity.
61 shrewdly i.e. sharply, intensely; also suggesting shrewd or cunning (even malicious) behaviour on Brainworm’s part.
61 of counsel in cahoots.
63 retained employed; with wordplay on the legal concept of retaining counsel (Jackson).
65 reformed i.e. disbanded, discharged, as at 3.5.13 and note.
65 without end (1) purposeless; (2) seemingly unending.
68 metamorphosis] F1 state 1; metamorphosis / state 2
75 sure fast joined in marriage.
78 prevent forestall, anticipate.
80 SD] Lever; not in Q, F1
81 friends relatives and friends.
84 passed] F1 (past)
94 ingine intelligence (Lat. ingenium), wit (the Q reading at 5.3.175). Cf. Sej., Argument 24: ‘worketh (with all his ingine) to remove Tiberius from the knowledge of public business’.
95 SD] G, subst.; not in F1; Enter seruant, then Peto Q; Enter Servant, then Formal in armor / Lever
97 SD] this edn; Formall, with ‘To them’ in right margin, following line 98 in F1, below ‘Act Ⅴ. Scene ⅡⅡ.’; then Peto / Q , at 97 SD (see previous note); Enter Formal in a suit of armour / G; Formal comes forward / Lever
5.4 ] F1 (Act Ⅴ. Scene ⅡⅡ.)
5.4 1–2 For the fuller Q text at this point and the story lying behind it, see Q, 5.3.186–92 and note.
3 Well . . . him Clement cuts off Formal’s story, having heard it already from Brainworm at 5.3.84–9 above.
3–4 what . . . armour? The meaning is clearer in Q, 5.3.188–9: ‘what might your armour signify?’
6 drawers tapsters.
6–7 do penance . . . shirt In a punishment for scandalous behaviour, perpetrators were obliged to walk the crowded streets barefoot in a white sheet, with satiric verses pinned to the back; see, for example, the public humiliation of the Duchess of Gloucester in 2H6, 2.4.
8 SD] F1, in massed entry after line 12, below ‘Act V. Scene V’; Q, at 5.3.192 SD, reads ‘Enter Lorenzo iunior, Prospero, Hesperida’
9 Gi’ you joy The traditional greeting of those who are newly married; cf. East. Ho!, 3.2.85 and New Inn, 5.3.8.
11 made your peace i.e. reconciled you with your father and brother-in-law.
5.5 ] F1 (Act Ⅴ. Scene Ⅴ.)
5.5 6 place position, capacity; but Wellbred punningly answers in the sense of ‘location’ (Jackson). See next note.
7 below the stairs i.e. in private and familiarly (down in the servants’ quarters), as opposed to ‘in public’. Wellbred speaks with mocking sexual suggestiveness of Matthew as one who has claimed to occupy his Bridget’s intimate ‘place’ of ‘delight’ (6–7).
9 Phlegon One of the four horses of the sun (Ovid, Met., 2.153–5).
10 ebon black.
11–12 Took down his trousers and farted. ‘Podex’ means arse. Lines 9–12 are a parody of heroic verse.
13 He is all . . . muse i.e. His poetic inspiration will reveal itself by what he has in his pockets, to wit, his poems already written out.
15 With a medical pun: to ‘search’ is to probe a wound, and ‘a taste of his vein’ is a taking of the pulse (Jackson).
16–17 under . . . rebellion under penalty of a so-called writ of rebellion, used ‘when a man after proclamation . . . to present himself to the court by a certain day, appeareth not’ (John Cowell, The Interpreter, or Book Containing the Signification of Words, 1607, Commission of rebellion, cited by OED, Rebellion n.1 1c).
18 ream] F1 ( realme)
18 ream (1) 480 sheets of paper; (2) realm, kingdom.
19 hose trouser leggings, not socks.
19 subjects (1) topics or themes; (2) citizens of the commonwealth.
20–1 A burlesque of Samuel Daniel’s Delia, into which Jonson has introduced mixed and ludicrous metaphors more blatantly than in the Q version at 5.3.235–8. On Jonson’s dismissive view of Daniel as a poet, see Q commentary note there.
23 A parody! The first recorded usage of the word in English, according to the OED, though misleadingly identified as occurring in the 1598 quarto, whereas it first appears in F1. John Florio, Queen Anna’s New World of Words (1611), glosses Parodia as ‘A turning of a verse by altering some words’. See Donaldson (1997a), 203.
25 of this batch? i.e. as bad as these?
26 Cleanse . . . city ‘Clement pretends to be protecting the city against the plague by the oft-used and highly regarded technique of burning unhealthy rubbish and “disinfecting the air”’ (Jackson).
29 Sic . . . mundi ‘Thus passes away the glory of this world.’
31 drawn adduced, brought forward, appealed to for confirmation (OED, Draw v. 21).
32–3 They . . . sheriff Cf. Discoveries, 1727–9: ‘Every beggarly corporation affords the state a mayor [Major’ in F2] or two bailiffs yearly, but solus rex aut poeta non quotannis nascitur’ (‘only a king or a poet is not born every year’). Discoveries cites Petronius, but Jonson is in fact quoting Florus, a poet from the first and second centuries AD (Minor Latin Poets, Loeb, 9.1–2), and does so again in Panegyre, 163. New Inn, Epilogue 23–4, gives a paraphrase: ‘But mayors and shrieves [i.e. sheriffs] may yearly fill the stage; / A king’s or poet’s birth do ask an age.’ Cf. also Epigr. 4.1–4 and 79.1. Cf. the proverbs: ‘Poets are born but orators are made’, and ‘A poet is born, not made’ (Dent, P451).
35 mayor] F1 (Major)
35 out of his year Mayors were elected for a term of one year.
36–7 They cannot . . . fact i.e. These wretched poetasters need not look to others to reproach them; their folly provides its own punishment. Cf. Seneca’s ‘On Anger’, Moral Essays, vol. 1, 3.26, §2: Maxima est enim factae iniuriae poena fecisse, ‘For the greatest punishment of a misdeed is to have done it’, and Epistle 97, ‘On the Degeneracy of the Age’, §14: prima illa et maxima peccantium est poena peccasse ‘the first and greatest penalty for sin is to have committed the sin’. Cf. Pan’s Ann., 194–5: ‘They have their punishment with their fact.’ ‘Fact’ here means ‘evil deed, crime’ (OED, 1c).
38 Jonson thus adroitly justifies the excision of Lorenzo Jr’s impassioned defence of poetry in Q, 5.3.260–91. This is the longest single cut in the play.
41 sign i.e. signpost for an inn or shop.
42 till midnight i.e. until the very dark of night. The idea of hanging applies to the tavern sign while also hinting at capital punishment for falsehood, though in fact Clement’s sentences are far milder than in Q (5.3.301–8).
46 Q provides an ‘Exeunt’ at this point, presumably for Bobadilla, Matheo, and Peto. A similar exeunt may be intended here in F1; but perhaps the ending in F1 is meant to be more accommodating that in Q, by not sending the fools off in advance, even though they will not be invited to the party.
49 trencher wooden plate.
50 buttery storeroom for drink and provisions.
50 keep . . . here Like Bobadill and Matthew, Cob, Tib, and Stephen are not invited to the final feast, but at least they will be fed.
54–6 These few words, and those at 5.1.31–2, are all that Cob and Tib are permitted to say in the entire fifth act of the F1 text; in Q, Tib is silently onstage while Cob appears to be missing. See Q, 5.3.0 SDn.
54 mortal (1) A comic blunder for ‘moral’; (2) deadly.
57 complement (1) completion, fulfilment; (2) each of two parts mutually completing the other; (3) ceremony giving completeness to an occasion of reverence; (4) compliment, courteous tribute (OED, Complement n. 1, 5, 8, 9).
58 off] F1 (of)
65 i.e. Mounting on the wings of my credulous fears and utterances.
67 they’ve] F1 (th’haue)
69 some] Q , F2; fame F1, corrected in pen to ‘some’ in Bod. Douce I 302 and some other copies
70 The actor portraying Kitely switches to prose in this F1 addition as he steps out of his dramatic role, metatheatrically reminding the audience that they are watching a play (Lever).
72 every . . . fellow everyone take a partner.
73–6 Here . . . applause Jonson replaces the Virgilian quotation with which he concluded the Q text (see Q, 5.3.383–4n.) with an echo of Pontanus’s version of Servius’s meditation of the third Eclogue, taking away the Virgilian echoes to emphasize the inclusion of the public theatre audience (Tudeau-Clayton, 1988, 184).
76 applause Cf. Clement’s appeal for applause here with Macilente’s begging a ‘Plaudite’ in the concluding lines of EMO, Volpone’s address to the audience at the end of Volp., and Epicene, 5.4.203–4. Jonson found the convention in Roman comedy. Q’s appeal through Latin quotation is less direct.
84 william] F1 (Will.)
84 richard] F1 (Ric.)
85 augustine] F1 (Avg.)
85 john] F1 (Ioh.)
86 henry] F1 (Hen.)
86 thomas] F1 (Tho.)
87 william] F1 (Will.)
87 christopher] F1 (Chr.)
88 william] F1 (Will.)
88 john] F1 (Ioh.)
I have such a present for thee See more
[To Stephen] See more
Keep the peace, I charge you, in Her Majesty’s name. See more
[To Matthew] See more
And I will meet him on See more
Very well, sir. See more
[Aside] See more
Of good See more
Middlesex land. He has but one son in all the world; I am his next heir at the See more
patience, I’ll See more
come to him; it’s but crossing over the fields to See more
doth think himself See more
At Justice Clement’s house See more
I have walked alone in divers skirts i’the town, as See more
What, Tib, show this gentleman up to the Captain. See more
a guest, he teaches me, he does swear the See more
horse. Well, he knows what to trust to, See more
[Reciting] See more
And weigh it with See more
He values me at See more
I pray thee, good See more
wouldst have sworn he might have been See more
their jealousy. See more
And I you, as my loving and obedient husband. See more
His Servants. See more
Nay, no speech or act of mine be See more
Here, sir, here’s my See more
A gentleman, See more
closet. See more
did you all this, Captain, without hurting your See more
blown thee hither in this See more
Justice Clement’s See more
gentleman-like than I have been, I’ll ensure you. See more
welcome, and I assure you mine uncle here is a man of a thousand a year, See more
‘In good time, sir’? Why, and See more
Of your companions See more
Restrained, grows more impatient, and See more
him doublet? He brought mine uncle a See more
Yes, sir, your companions See more
Oh, sir, this has been the day of my metamorphosis! See more
of this hunting match, or rather See more
It’s six o’clock; I should ha’ carried two turns by this. See more
Ay, ay, George Downright. See more
by. I will end your matters anon. See more
Whoreson, coney-catching rascal! I could eat the very hilts for anger! See more
you see? Touch any man here and, by this hand, I’ll run my rapier to the hilts See more
[Aside] See more
with wine. See more
’Slid, I cannot choose but laugh to see myself translated thus, See more
shortly. But, sirrah, I pray thee be acquainted with my two See more
How? He the See more