The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward

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DOwnegate Ward be-
ginne that the south
end of VValbrooke
Ward
, over-against
the East corner of
Saint Iohns Church
upon Walbrooke
, and
descendeth on both
the sides to Downegate, on the Thames,
and is so called, of that downe-going or
descending therunto: and of this Down-
gate
the Ward taketh name. This Ward
turneth into Thames street VVestward,
some ten houses on a side, to the course
of Walbrooke, but East in Thames street
(on both sides) to Ebgate lane, or Old
Swanne
, the land-side whereof hath ma-
ny Lanes turning up, as shall be shewed
when I come to them.
But first to begin with the highstreet
called Dowgate: at the upper end there-
of is a faire Conduit of Thames water,
castellated, and made in the yeere 1568.
at charges of the Citizens, and is cal-
led the Conduit upon Downegate. The
descent of this street is such, that in the
yeere 1574. on the fourth of September
in the afternoone, there fell a storme of
raine, where-through the channels sud-
denly arose, and ranne with such a swift
course towards the common shores, that
a Lad of eighteene yeeres old,
A Lad of 18. yeeres old drow-
ned in the Channell.
minding
to have leapt over the channell, neere
unto the said Conduit, was taken with
the streame, and carried from thence
towards the Thames with such a vio-
lence, that no man, with staves, or o-
therwise, could stay him, till hee came
against a Cart-wheele, that stood in the
said Water-gate, before which time he
was drowned, and starke dead.
On the West side of this street, is the
Tallow-Chandlers Hal, a proper house,
which Company was incorporated in
the second yeere of Edward the fourth.
Somewhat lower standeth the Skin-
ners Hall
, a faire house, which was som-
time called Copped Hall, by Downegate,
in the Parish of S. Iohn upon Walbrooke.
In the 19, yeere of Edward the second,
Ralph Cobham possessed it, with five
shoppes, &c.
This Company of Skinners in Lon-
don
, was incorporate by Edward the 3.
in the first of his reigne
: they had two
Brotherhoods of Corpus Christi, viz.
one at St. Mary Spittle, the other at St.
Mary Bethlem
, without Bishopsgate. Ri-
chard
the second
, in the eighteenth of
his reigne
, granted them to make their
two Brotherhoods one, by the name of
the Fraternity of Corpus Christi of Skin-
ners
. Divers royall persons were named
to bee Founders, and Brethren of this
Fraternity,
Sixe Kings Brethren with the Skinners Company in London.
to wit; Kings sixe, Dukes
nine, Earles two, Lords one. Kings,
Edward the third, Richard the second,
Henry the fifth, Henry the sixth, and Ed-
ward
the fourth
.
This Fraternity had also once every
yeere,
Their pompous Proces-
sion.
on Corpus Christi day, after noone
a Procession, which passed through the
principall streets of the City, wherein
was borne more than one hundred Tor-
ches of VVaxe (costly garnised) bur-
ning light, and above two hundred
Clerkes and Priests in Surpleffes and
Coapes, singing. After the which,
were the Sheriffes servants, the Clerkes
of the Compters, Chaplaines for the
Sheriffes, the Maiors Sergeants, the
Councell of the City, the Maior and
Aldermen in Scarlet, and then the
Skinners in their best Liveries. Thus
much to stop the tongues of unthankfull
men, such as use to aske, VVhy have
yee not noted this, or that, and give no
thanks for what is done?
Then


Then lower downe was a Colledge
of Priests, called Iesus Commons, a house
well furnished with Brasse, Pewter, Na-
pery, Plate, &c. besides a faire Library
well stored with Bookes, all which of
old time were given to a number of
Priests, that should keepe Commons
there, and as one left his place (by death
or otherwise) another should be admit-
ted into this room; but this order with-
in this thirty yeers being discontinued,
the said house was dissolved and turned
to Tenements.
Down lower have ye Elbow-lane, and
at the corner thereof was one great stone
house, called Old-hall: it is now taken
downe, and divers faire houses of Tim-
ber placed there. This was sometime
pertaining to William de pont le Arch, and
by him given to the Priory of S. Mary
Overy
in Southwarke, in the reigne of
Henry the first
. In this Elbow-lane is
the Inholders hall, and other faire hou-
ses: this lane runneth West, and sud-
denly turneth South into Thames street,
and therefore (of that bending) is cal-
led Elbow-lane. On the East side of this
Downegate street, is the great old house
before spoken of, called the Erbar, neere
to the Church of Saint Mary Bothaw; Geffrey Scroope held it by the gift of Ed-
ward
the third
in the foureteenth of his
reigne
. It belonged since to Iohn Nevell,
Lord of Raby, then to Richard Nevell,
Earle of Warwicke; Nevell, Earle of Sa-
lisbury
was lodged there, 1457. Then
it came to George Duke of Clarence, and
his heires males, by the gift of Edward
the fourth
in the foureteene yeere of his
reigne
. It was lately builded by Sir
Thomas Pullison
Maior, and was after-
ward inhabited by Sir Francis Drake,
that famous Navigator. Next to this
great house, is a lane turning to Bush-
lane
, (of old time called Carter-lane, of
Carts, and Carmen having Stables
there) and now called Chequer-lane, or
Chequer-Alley, of an Inne called the
Chequer.
In Thames street, on the Thames side
West from Downgate, is Greenwitch-lane,
of old time so called, and now Frier lane,
of such a signe there set up. In this lane
is the Joiners Hall, and other faire hou-
ses.
Then is Granthams lane, so called of
Iohn Grantham, sometime Maior and
owner therof, whose house was very large
and strong, builded of stone, as appea-
reth by gates arched yet remaining.
Ralph Dodmer, first a Brewer, then a
Mercer, Maior, 1529. dwelled there,
and kept his Maioraltie in that house:
it is now a Brewhouse, as it was before.
Then is Downgate, whereof is spoken
in another place. East from this Down-
gate
, is Cosin lane, named of one William
Cosin
, that dwelled there, in the fourth
of Richard the second
, as divers his pre-
decessors, Father, Grandfather, &c. had
done before him. William Cosin was one
of the Sheriffes in the yeere 1306. That
house standeth at the South end of the
lane, having an old and artificiall con-
veyance of Thames water into it, and is
now a Dye-house, called Lambards Mes-
suage
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. Adjoyning to that house,
A Ginne to convey Thames wa-
ter to Downegate Conduit.
there
was lately erected an engine, to convey
Thames water unto Downegate Conduit
aforesaid.
Next to this lane, on the East, is the
Steleyard (as they terme it) a place for
Merchants of Almaine, that used to
bring hither, as well Wheat, Rie, and
other graine, as Cables, Ropes, Masts,
Pitch, Tarre, Flaxe, Hempe, Linnen
Cloth, Wainscots, Waxe, Steele, and
other profitable Merchandizes. Vnto
these Merchants, in the yeere, 1259.
Henry the third, at the request of his
Brother Richard, Earle of Cornwall, King
of Almaine, granted, that all and singu-
lar the Merchants, having a house in
the City of London, commonly called
Guilda Aula Theutonicorum, should bee
maintained and upholden through the
whole Realme, by all such freedomes,
and free usages or liberties, as by the
King and his Noble Progenitors time
they had and enjoyed, &c. Edward the
first
renued and confirmed that Charter
of Liberties, granted by his Father. And
in the tenth yeere of the same Edward,
Henry Wallis being Maior, a great con-
troversie did arise between the said Ma-
ior, and the Merchants of the Haunce of
Almaine
, about the reparations of Bi-
shopsgate
, then likely to fall, for that the
said Merchants enjoyed divers priviled-
ges, in respect of maintaining the said
Gate, which they now denyed to re-
paire: for the appeasing of which con-
troversie,


the King sent his Writ to the
Treasurer, and Barons of his Exchequer
commanding, that they should make
inquisition thereof: Before whom the
Merchants being called, when they were
not able to discharge themselves, sith
they enjoyed the liberties to them gran-
ted for the same; a Precept was sent
to the Maior and Sheriffes, to distraine
the said Merchants to make reparations,
namely, Gerard Marbod, Alderman of
the Haunce; Ralph de Cussarde, a Citi-
zen of Colen, Ludero de Denevar, a Bur-
gesse of Trivar; Iohn of Aras, a Bur-
gesse of Trivon; Bartram of Hamburgh;
Godestalke of Hundondale, a Burgesse of
Trivon; Iohn de Dele, a Burgesse of Mun-
star
, then remaining in the said City of
London, for themselves, and all other
Merchants of the Haunce: and so they
granted 210. Markes sterling to the
Maior and Citizens, and undertooke,
that they and their successors should
(from time to time) repaire the said
Gate, and beare the third part of the
charges in mony, and men to defend it,
when need were.
And for this agreement, the said Ma-
ior and Citizens granted to the said
Merchants their liberties,
Merchants of the Haunce, of Almaine, li-
cenced to lay up their corn in Gar-
ners, but to sell it within 40. dayes af-
ter.
which till of
late they have enjoyed, as namely, a-
mongst other, that they might lay up
their Graine, which they brought into
this Realme, in Innes, and sell it in their
Garners, by the space of forty dayes af-
ter they had laid it up; except by the
Maior and Citizens they were expresse-
ly forbidden, because of dearth, or o-
ther reasonable occasions. Also, they
might have their Aldermen, as they
had been accustomed, foreseen alwaies,
that he were of the City, and presented
to the Maior and Aldermen of the Ci-
ty, so oft as any should be chosen, and
should take an oath before them, to
maintaine Iustice in their Courts, and
to behave themselves in their Office ac-
cording to Law, and as it stood with the
Customes of the City.
Thus much for their Priviledges:
Whereby it appeareth, that they were
great Merchants of Corne, brought out
of the East parts hither, insomuch, that
the occupiers of husbandry in this Land
were enforced to complaine of them,
for bringing in such aboundance, when
the Corne of this Realme was at an ea-
sie price.
Act of Parliamẽt forbidding Corne to be brought from be-
yond Seas.
Whereupon it was ordained
by Parliament, That no person should
bring into any part of this Realme, by
way of Merchandise, VVheat, Rye, or
Barley, growing out of the said Realme,
when the quarter of Wheat exceeded
not the price of 6. s. 8. d. Rie 4. s. the
Quarter, and Barley 3. shillings the
Quarter, upon forfeiture the one halfe
to the King, the other halfe to the seisor
thereof. These Merchants of the Haunce
had their Guild hall in Thames street, in
place aforesaid, by the said Cosin lane.
Their Hall is large, builded of Stone,
with three arched Gates towards the
street, the middlemost whereof is farre
bigger than the other, and is seldome o-
pened, the other two be mured up: the
same is now called the Old Hall.
Of later time, to wit, in the sixth of
Richard the second, they hired one house
next adjoyning to their old Hall, which
sometime belonged to Richard Lions, a
famous Lapidarie, one of the Sheriffes
of Lond. in the 49. of Edward the third,
and in the fourth of Richard the second,
by the Rebels of Kent drawn out of that
house, and beheaded in West Cheape.
This also was a great house, with a large
Wharfe on the Thames: and the way
thereunto was called Windgoose, or Wild-
goose lane
, which is now called Windgoose
Alley
, for that the same Alley is (for the
most part) builded on by the Stilyard
Merchants.
The Abbot of S. Albans had a Mes-
suage here, with a Key given to him, in
the 34. of Henry the sixth.
Then is one other great house, which
sometime pertained to Iohn Rainwell,
Stock-fishmonger, Maior, and it was
by him given to the Maior and Com-
munalty, to the end, that the profits
thereof should bee disposed in deeds of
piety: which house in the 15. of Edward
the fourth
, was confirmed unto the said
Merchants in manner following, viz.
It is ordained by our Soveraigne Lord
and his Parliament,
Patent.
that the said Mer-
chants of Almaine
, being of the Company
called the Guildhall Theutonicorum, (or
the Flemish Geld) that now be, or here-
after shall be, shall have, hold, and enjoy to
them and their successors for ever, the said
place,


place, called the Steele-house, yeelding to
the Maior and Communalty an annuall
rent of threescore and tenne pounds, three
shillings, foure pence, &c.
In the yeere 1551. the fifth of Ed-
ward
the sixth
,
Steelyard put down.
through complaint of
the English Merchants, the liberty of
the Steelyard Merchants was seized into
the Kings hands, and so it resteth.
Then is Church lane, at the West end
of Alhallowes Church, called Alhallowes
the more
in Thames streete
, for a diffe-
rence from Alhallowes the lesse, in the
same street. It is also called Alhallowes
ad foenum
in the Roperie
, because Hay
was sold neere thereunto, at Hay Wharfe,
and Ropes of old time made and sold in
the high street. This is a faire Church,
with a large Cloister on the South side
thereof, about their Church-yard, but
foulely defaced and ruinated.
The Church also hath had many faire
Monuments, but now defaced: There
remaine in the Quire some Plates on
Grave-stones, namely of William Lich-
field
, Doctor of Divinity, who deceased
the yeere 1447. Hee was a great Stu-
dent, and compiled many Bookes, both
Morall and Divine, in Prose and Verse;
namely one, intituled, The complaint of
God unto sinfull man
. Hee made in his
time 3083. Sermons, as appeared by
his owne hand-writing, and were found
when he was dead.
One other Plate there is of Iohn Bric-
kles
, Draper, who deceased in the yeere
1451. Hee was a great Benefactor to
that Church, and gave by his Testament
certaine Tenements, to the reliefe of the
poore.
Nicholas Loven, and William Peston,
founded Chauntries there.
Willielmus dudum
Lichfield quem mors fora pressit,
A faire plated stone un-
der the Commu-
nion Ta-
ble.
Ista post ludum
mundi sub rupe quiescit.
In domum rure
cultor, sator ac operosus,
Dum preciat ture,
pastor vigil, & studiosus.
Hanc aedem rexit,
ornavit & amplificavit,
Pignora provexit,
ac sacro dogmate pavit.
Pauperibus carus,
inopes in mente gerebat,
Consilio gnarus
dubitantibus esse solebat.
Christe pugil forcis
ejus dissolve reatus,
Vt vivat mortis
post morsum glorificatus.
Luce bis X. quat’ I.
migrat Octobris sine panno,
Equat’ X. quat’ V.
semel I. ter. I. M. Karus.
Staprecor interne,
Another faire stone lying by it▪
qui transis aspice, cerne,
Non nitidis pannis,
sed olentibus oss’a Johannis
Brickles, ista mei
specus includit requiei,
Taliter indutus
tumulabere tu resolutus.
Dormit in hac cella
mea conjuge ac Isabella,
Appollinaris quam
vixit lux nece stratratus.
Aequater X. ter V.
semel I. bis & M. sociatis.
At the East end of this Church go-
eth downe a Lane, called Hay-Wharfe
lane
, now lately a great Brew-house,
builded there by one Pot; Henry Cam-
pion
, Esquire, a Beere-brewer, used it,
and Abraham his sonne since possessed
it.
Then was there one other Lane,
sometime called Woolseys gate, now out
of use: for the lower part thereof, upon
the banke of Thames, is builded by
the late Earle of Shrewsbury, and the o-
ther end is builded on and stopped up
by the Chamberlaine of London. Iohn
Butler
, Draper, one of the Sheriffes,
in the yeere 1420. dwelled there: Hee
appointed his house to be sold, and the
price thereof to be given to the poore:
it was of Alhallowes Parish the lesse.
Then is there the said Parish Church
of Alhallowes
, called the lesse; and by
some, Alhallowes on the Cellers, for it
standeth on Vaults: it is said to be buil-
ded by Sir Iohn Poultney, sometimes
Maior. The Steeple and Quire of this
Church, stand on an arched Gate, be-
ing the entrie to a great house, called
Cold Harbrough: the Quire of late being
falne


falne downe, is now againe at length,
in the yeere 1594. by the Parishioners
new builded.
Touching this Cold Harbrough, I find,
that in the 13. of Edward the second,
Sir Iohn Abel, Knight, demised or let
unto Henry Stow, Draper, all that his
capitall Messuage, called the Cold Har-
brough
, in the Parish of All Saints ad foe-
num
, and all the purtenances within the
Gate, with the Key which Robert Hart-
ford
, Citizen, sonne to William Hartford,
had, and ought, and the foresaid Robert
paid for it the rent of 33. shillings the
yeere. This Robert Hartford being own-
er thereof, as also of other lands in Sur-
rey
; deceasing without issue male, left
two daughters his Coheires, to wit, I-
donia
, married to Sir Ralph Bigot, and
Maude, married to Sir Stephen Cosenton,
Knights, betweene whom the said house
and lands were parted. After the which
Iohn Bigot, Sonne to the said Sir Ralph
and Sir Iohn Cosenton, did sell their moi-
ties of Cold Harbrough unto Iohn Poult-
ney
, sonne of Adam Poultney, the eighth
of Edward the third
. This Sir Iohn Poult-
ney
dwelling in this house, and being 4.
times Maior, the said house tooke the
name of Poultney’s Inne. Notwithstan-
ding, this Sir Iohn Poultney, the 21. of
Edward the third
, by his Charter gave
and confirmed to Humfrey de Bohune,
Earle of Hereford and Essex, his whole
tenement, called Cold Harbrough, with
all the Tenements and Key adjoyning,
and appurtenances sometime pertaining
to Robert de Herford, on the way called
Hay-wharfe lane, &c. for one Rose at
Midsummer, to him and his heires, for
all services, if the same were demanded.
This Sir Iohn Poultney deceased 1349.
and left issue, by Margaret his wife, Wil-
liam Poultney
, who dyed without issue:
and Margaret his Mother was married
to Sir Nicholas Lovel, Knight, &c. Phi-
lip S. Cleare
gave two Messuages, per-
taining to this Cold Harbrough, in the
Roperie, towards the inlarging of the
Parish Church and Church-yard of All-Saints,
called the lesse, in the 20. of Ri-
chard
the second
.
In the yeere 1397. the 21 of Richard
the second
, Iohn Holland, Earle of Hun-
tington
, was lodged there, and Richard
the second
his Brother dined with him:
it was then counted a right faire and
stately house. But in the next yeere
following, I finde, that Edmond, Earle
of Cambridge, was there lodged: not-
withstanding, the said house still retai-
ned the name of Poultney’s Inne, in the
reigne of Henry the sixth, the 26. of his
reigne
. It belonged since to H. Holland
Duke of Excester, and hee was lodged
there in the yeere 1472. In the yeere
1485. Richard the third, by his Letters
Patents granted and gave to Iohn Writh,
alias Garter
, principall King of Armes
of English men, and to the rest of the
Kings Heralds and Pursevants of Arms,
all that Messuage with the appurtenan-
ces, called Cold Harber, in the Parish of
All Saints the little
in London, and their
successors for ever. Dated at Westmin-
ster
the second of March, Anno regni suiprimo,
without fine or see. How the said
Heralds departed, therewith, I have
not read, but in the reigne of Henry the
eighth
, the Bishop of Durhams house,
neere Charing Crosse, being taken into
the Kings hand, Cuthbert Tunstal, Bi-
shop of Durham, was lodged in this
Cold Harber, since the which time it
hath belonged to the Earles of Shrews-
bury
, by composition (as is supposed)
from the said Cuthbert Tunstall. The
last deceased Earle tooke it downe, and
in place thereof builded a great number
of small Tenements now letten out for
great rents, to people of all sorts.
Then is the Diers Hall, which Com-
pany was made a Brotherhood or
Guild, in the fourth of Henry the sixth,
and appointed to consist of a Gardian
or Warden, and a Communalty the
12. of Edward the fourth. Then bee
there divers large Brewhouses, and o-
thers, till you come to Ebgate lane,
where that Ward endeth in the East.
On the North side of Thames street bee
divers lanes also, the first is at the South
end of Elbow-lane before spoken of, west
from Downegate, over-against Greene-
witch lane
: then bee divers faire houses
for Merchants, and others all along that
side. the next lane East from Downe-
gate
, is called Bush lane, which turneth
up to Candlewicke street, and is of Down-gate
Ward
. Next is Suffolke lane, like-
wise turning up to Candlewicke street:
in this lane is one notable Grammar
Schoole,


Schoole, founded in the yeere 1561. by
the Master, Wardens, and Assistants
of the Merchant-taylors, in the Parish
of S. Laurence Poultney
; Richard Hils,
sometimes Master of that Company,
having before given 500. l. toward the
purchase of an house, called the Mannor
of the Rose
, sometime belonging to the
Duke of Buckingham, wherein the said
Schoole is kept.
Then is there one other Lane, which
turneth up to S. Laurence Hill, and to
the Southwest corner of Saint Laurence
Church-yard
: then other Lane, called
Poultney Lane, that goeth up, of this
Ward to the South-east corner of S.
Laurence Church-yard
, and so downe
againe, and to the West corner of Saint
Martin Orgar lane
, and over against Eb-
gate lane
:
13. Wards on the east side of VValbrook, not ha¦ving one house on the west of the said Brooke.
and this is all of Downegate
Ward
, the 13. in number lying East
from the water-course of VValbrooke,
and hath not any one house on the west
side of the said Brooke.
It hath an Alderman, his Deputy;
Common-Counsellors, nine; Consta-
bles, eight; Seavengers, five; for the
Wardmote Inquest, foureteene, and a
Beadle: it is taxed to the Fifteene at
eight and twenty pounds.
Z
Wards

References

  • Stow, John, Anthony Munday, Anthony Munday, and Humphrey Dyson. The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 26 Jun. 2020, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm.
  • Stow, John, and William fitz-Stephen. Survey of London: Dowgate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 26 Jun. 2020, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_DOWN1.htm.

Cite this page

MLA citation

Stow, John, Anthony Munday, Anthony Munday, and Humphrey Dyson. The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 26 Jun. 2020, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm.

Chicago citation

Stow, John, Anthony Munday, Anthony Munday, and Humphrey Dyson. The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed June 26, 2020. https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm.

APA citation

Stow, J., Munday, A., Munday, A., & Dyson, H. 2020. The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward. In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London. Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm.

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Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8"

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T2  - The Map of Early Modern London
PY  - 2020
DA  - 2020/06/26
CY  - Victoria
PB  - University of Victoria
LA  - English
UR  - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm
UR  - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/stow_1633_DOWN1.xml
ER  - 

RefWorks

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LK https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm

TEI citation

<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#STOW6"><surname>Stow</surname>, <forename>John</forename></name></author>, <author><name ref="#MUND1"><forename>Anthony</forename> <surname>Munday</surname></name></author>, <author><name ref="#MUND1"><forename>Anthony</forename> <surname>Munday</surname></name></author>, and <author><name ref="#DYSO1"><forename>Humphrey</forename> <surname>Dyson</surname></name></author>. <title level="a">The Survey of London (1633): Dowgate Ward</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2020-06-26">26 Jun. 2020</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1633_DOWN1.htm</ref>.</bibl>

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