New Exchange
¶Introduction
A seventeenth century London ballad proclaims:
(qtd. in Pritchard 149)We will go no more to the Old Exchange,There’s no good ware at all;Their bodkins and their thimbles tooWent long since to Guild-hall.But we will to the new ExchangeWhere all things are in fashionAnd we will have it hence forth call’dThe Burse of reformation.
The ballad establishes a contrast between the unfashionable
Old Exchange—better known as the Royal Exchange—and the more popular
new Exchange,also called Britain’s Burse. (The terms Royal Exchange and New Exchange will be used for the remainder of this article for clarity.) As London expanded westward at the turn of the seventeenth century, London fashions traveled west as well, from the Royal Exchange to the middle aisle of St. Paul’s to the Strand. Between 1595 and 1610, an area named
the towndeveloped west of the city between London and Westminster, and the Strand was transformed into an area for fashionable shopping (Dillon 9-10). In the early seventeenth century, the New Exchange became an important site of London fashion, both as a place to publish one’s own style, as in St. Paul’s, and as a shopping center for the purchase of new, imported luxury goods, in the rapidly developing London suburbs.
¶Construction
Sir Robert Cecil, the first earl of Salisbury and James’ lord treasurer, was one of the primary investors in developing the town west of
London. As lord treasurer one of Cecil’s duties was handling the court’s land acquisitions (Croft), and in 1608 Cecil described a desire to acquire land in order to build his own contribution to the
development in the West End. He hoped to construct
some monument as may adorn the place, and haply derive some effect of present benefit and future charity to the whole liberty(qtd. in Dillon 109). Like John Gresham constructing the Royal Exchange, Cecil was building for business interests and to secure his own reputation in perpetuity.
In order to construct this New Exchange in the West End, Cecil purchased the former site of Durham House, which had originally belonged to the bishop of Durham. Cecil envisioned the New Exchange facing the Strand with the outer court of Durham House opening up behind the New Exchange. Cecil’s own Salisbury House was to the east of Durham House and the Court of Whitehall to the west. Construction began on 10 June 1608, supervised by the surveyor of the king’s works Simon Basil. Although 1608 was a time of intensified building construction across southern England, Basil and his principal mason William Southes were able to bring in craftsmen from across the country, culminating in a labor force
of 250 masons, bricklayers, and unskilled workers who built the New Exchange at an impressive rate (Stone 67-68). Without stopping for the traditional winter break in construction, the New Exchange was completed in less than a year. It required 520 tons of stone, much of which came
from the former monastery of St. Augustine’s in Canterbury. The total cost of construction
was 10,760 pounds (Stone 97-105).
¶Location and Competition with the Royal Exchange
Building the New Exchange in the town between the city and the court established a rivalry between the New Exchange and Gresham’s Royal Exchange. Not only was the New Exchange located so as to capitalize on the traffic between the city and the court, it also
symbolized the influence of city markets on court life (Dillon 109-110). The building of the New Exchange took from the Royal Exchange its role as the national shopping centre and seriously challenged its sense of itself
as the localization of an economic community. The merchants of the City, fearing the
detrimental effect the New Exchange would have on the prosperity not just of the Royal Exchange but of the surrounding areas, which enjoyed the economic spinoffs of a large trading
centre, could not help but feel threatened by Cecil’s proposed New Exchange.1
The Gresham Committee2 reacted immediately to the planned construction of the New Exchange, complaining that a new
house of trade in the Strandwas being built
by great means and great personages to allure trading and com[m]erce to the place aforesaid(qtd. in Saunders 94).3 John Chamberlain wrote to Dudley Carleton on 7 July 1608 that
The new burse at Durham House goes up apace, wherat the citizens and specially the exchaunge-men begin to grumble, foreseeing that yt wilbe very prejudiciall, and marre theyre market: and therupon have made a petition to the Lord Mayor to provide ne quid detrimenti Respublica capiat. This petition with the reasons beeing sent to his Lordship doth nothing please him, but all the aunswer he makes yet, is that Westminster beeing the place where he was borne, and of his abode, he sees not but that he may seeke to benefit and bewtifie yt by all the meanes he can. (1:258, Letter 98)
The terms of the conflict suggest that Cecil had a different notion of the
marketthan the citizens who opposed him.
The lord mayor also wrote to Cecil to complain about the plans for the New Exchange:
It is generally conceived that if such a work be erected, the situation of the place respected, being near unto the Court of Whitehall in the midst of the Nobility and where much of the Gentry lodge and reside, as also in the highway by which all Termers pass to Westminster, it will have such advantages of our [New] Exchange as will make it of no use for salesmen at all, besides a greater inconvenience to this City. (qtd. in Stone 96-97)
The lord mayor further worried the New Exchange would
occasion much profit to all sorts of retailers in other places leading to the [New] Exchange, and in time will draw Mercers, Goldsmiths and other chief traders to settle themselves out of the City in those parts, for the supply of Termers and such as reside thereabouts, to the great decay of the trade within the City(qtd. in Stone 96-97).4 It seems clear that the City feared the breakdown of its trading community as much as the loss of commercial revenue. The mayor was concerned not just about direct competition with the Royal Exchange, but also about the likelihood that the New Exchange would draw money, citizens, lawyers, and other residents out of the city to settle in the West End’s new shopping district. Many contemporary comments suggest rivalry between the old and the new commercial centres. In Donne’s
A Tale of a Citizen and his Wifefor example, the speaker asks a citizen,
Whether the Britain Burse did fill apace, / And likely were to give th’ [Royal] Exchange disgrace(Donne 25-26).5
Cecil responded to the lord mayor’s complaint by arguing that the New Exchange was meant to serve not just London but all of England. Cecil’s answer also suggests some concern for his own community of Westminster, which was topographically, ideologically, and, at least in theory, economically
opposed to London, but his concern is represented as solipsistic, predicated upon his own birth and
his own abode.6 Furthermore, Cecil cared less about the migration of people (except insofar as he required commercial
tenants) than he did about the profits he might realize. Resisting both protectionist
appeals from the lord mayor and attempts by the Gresham Committee to monopolize trade,
Cecil argued that Londoners should not begrudge
some little quill of profit to pass by their main pipe(qtd. in Stone 97), an extraordinary image which invokes both the notion of a fixed and inelastic common wealth and, potentially, the more radical notion of an open-ended conduit of profit. The metaphor works in two ways. If
pipemeans
a large cask, of more or less definite capacity, used for wine,then
quilltakes on the meaning of
a tap or faucet,suggesting that Cecil envisioned himself siphoning a small sum from a fixed amount of wealth (OED pipe, n.2). But if we take
pipein its other, more enduring sense, and
quillas a
small water-pipe,then we can hear Cecil articulating his sense that the city’s wealth is embodied in an infinite and unceasing flow of money (OED quill, n.1). His choice of the verb
pass bygives more weight to the latter sense of the metaphor, suggesting that he thought this wealth should not be contained within civic conduits. Cecil’s building project suggests that it was not merely profits which spread outward, but also economic practices and even an incipient understanding of capitalist processes. Cecil’s claim that the New Exchange was meant to serve all of England was amplified further when James named the building
Britain’s Burse,speaking to his project of consolidating a larger British kingdom including Scotland under his rule. Cecil saw the building itself as an ornament to the suburbs, as indeed did the King.7
¶Design
The New Exchange not only aimed to usurp much of the Royal Exchange’s business but also imitated the Royal Exchange in its design. The 1633 revision of John Stow’s Survey describes this similarity:
Some shape of the modeling, though not in all respects alike, as after the fashion of the Royal Exchange in London, with sellers underneath, a walk fairly paved above it, and rows of shops above, as also one beneath answerable in manner to the other and intended to the like trades and mysteries(qtd. in Dillon 111). This was not, however, the original plan for the building. Inigo Jones developed an Italianate design for the New Exchange that Cecil ultimately rejected in favor of a more conservative English plan (Stone 97).
The exterior of the building was a 200-foot-long covered arcade facing the Strand, which was paved in front of the New Exchange to provide a more inviting footpath (Stone 98-103). Seating was built into the outer wall facing the Strand to further entice passers-by to stop at the New Exchange, and in the later seventeenth century plate glass windows were installed to encourage potential buyers to peruse available
merchandise. The interior had two floors, each divided into an inner walk and outer
walk. It held approximately one hundred shops in total, and the most valuable were
the slightly larger shops on the corners of the upper level interior. To encourage
shopkeepers to purchase leases, all the shops were larger than those at the Royal Exchange, and rents were slightly lower (Peck 51-52). The Venetian ambassador praised the design:
Hard by the court the Earl of Salisbury8 has built two great galleries, decorated, especially outside, with much carving and sculpture. Inside each of these galleries, on either hand, are rows of shops for the sale of all kinds of goods.He predicted,
These will bring in immense revenue(qtd. in Dillon 111).
¶Royal Entertainment
Before the New Exchange opened, it was christened by the king, cementing the relationship between city commerce
and royal approval. Ben Jonson wrote the entertainment that introduced the New Exchange to the king, which culminated in James naming the New Exchange
Britain’s Burse(Stone 103). Jonson’s entertainment,
The Key Keeper,begins with a statement of the estranging effect of locating a shopping centre in a residential suburb of London:
Your Maiestie will pardon me? I thinke you scarse knowe, where you are now nor by my troth can I tell you, more then that you may seeme to be vppon some lande discouery of a newe region heare, to which I am your compasse[.] (qtd. in Knowles 9-12)The Keeper imagines the New Exchange as a new land to which the visitor needs a compass or guide.
In part, the conceit accords with the structure of the entertainment, which entailed
a tour of the building and its shops. But it also points to the controversy which
surrounded Cecil’s project. The Keeper complains about
[t]he quotidian torture that I haue indured heere from my great Cosin the multitude(qtd. in Knowles 20-22) who have pestered him with
interrogatorysabout the nature of the new building (qtd. in Knowles 28). Various people have speculated that it is a
publique Banque, where money should be lente; a
Lombarde to deale wth all manner of pawnes;
a storehowsefor corn, wood, and coal; an almshouse for
decayed Citizens; and a library, among other things. Many speculate that it has no function at all, being merely
a fayr front, built onely to grace the strete, and for noe vse(SRP 14/44). The lengthy debate about the building’s intended purpose suggests that its function and its geographic location are at odds. A building with commercial functions is out of place in the Strand. In an urban space where street names tended to coincide with long-standing economic functions—Bread Street, Milk Street, Silver Street, Cheapside, Ironmonger Lane—the Strand was a tabula rasa or
new regionwhen it came to commercial enterprise. The great fear expressed in the speculations is that the New Exchange will draw business away from the City. The City was opposed to the construction of the New Exchange, which threatened both its commercial monopoly and its sense of itself as a mercantile community concentrated in the specific geographic space of the Lombard, Threadneedle, and Poultry Street triangle.
Critical writing about
The Key Keeperhighlights two connections between early modern theatre and the New Exchange, suggesting that the New Exchange prompted not only commerce but theatrical performance, as well, to expand into and converse with new geographical territory. Dillon points to
the discursive phenomenon of the list,seen in the Shop-boy’s lines, as a rhetorical strategy employed by the entertainment. The list as a rhetorical tactic marks both
the independent, fragmentary presence of the commodityand
its connection by definition with other commodities(Dillon 12-13). Linda Levy Peck examines the entertainment’s props, the Chinese porcelain that decorated the single fully-furnished shop that the royal family was shown. This porcelain came into England through the Dutch East India Company, and china shops would later be used as scenes of exotic
assignationin both Jonson’s Epicoene (1609) and William Wycherley’s 1675 play The Country Wife (Peck 50-51).
Jonson’s masque performs the rhetorical work of subordinating the New Exchange, which Cecil represented merely as a diversion or offshoot of the city, to the national interests
embodied in the figure of James I. Cecil’s construction of a new shopping centre in the Strand was a capitalist venture, motivated by the desire for personal profit, but it necessarily
had an impact on the commercial and communal functions of the Royal Exchange. Rivalry between the two exchanges was inevitable. Eventually, however, the city’s
conception of its boundaries expanded to include the Strand. The New Exchange, originally sanctioned by James as a way of circumventing the perennially troublesome civic oligarchy, is ultimately
imaginatively appropriated as one of the ornaments of the civic space belonging to
London.
¶Operation
Once the New Exchange opened for business, it looked very different from the building King James saw on 11 April 1609. Instead of a single quiet store, Cecil and his manager continually imposed new regulations to try to establish the kind
of aristocratic decorum they expected to maintain. The shops at the New Exchange were designed to cater to a new market in luxury goods. Ann Saunders has suggested
that
the goods offered [at the New Exchange] were slightly upmarket compared with the Royal Exchange(Saunders 94), and leases were only sold to purveyors of upper-class commodities, including milliners, linen-drapers, haberdashers, booksellers, and perfumers (Dillon 113; Stone 104). Despite its obviously nationalistic name, Cecil intended that Britain’s Burse should sell foreign luxuries.
The Key Keeperlists a variety of goods which could be purchased at the New Exchange, all rather unpatriotically identified by their country of origin. There was clearly an ironic gap between the nationalist agenda suggested by the name and the actual economic practices of Britain’s Burse. Cecil hoped that the imported luxury goods would attract an elite clientele from the burgeoning West End, the Inns of Court, and Westminster.9
Shops were open from six in the morning to eight in the evening in the summer and
from seven to seven in the winter, an hour later than the Royal Exchange, to accommodate this expectation of high sales (Peck 52). Cecil’s regulations to maintain decorum included forbidding shuttlecocks, cards, dice,
beggars, or boys in the building (Peck 57). His manager Thomas Wilson pointed to further issues of disorder and destruction that needed to be curbed including
hunting of dogs with great noise & howling, playing of foils and cudgels, striking the ball (which breaketh the windows), [and] buffeting and fighting one with another(qtd in Stone 104). One of the biggest problems, however, was sanitation. Despite a designated bathroom with a sewer to the river, fines had to be leveled for anyone who
throw[s] or pour[s] out into the walk or range or out any of the windows any piss or other noisome thing(qtd. in Stone 104).
¶Development
Negotiations between upper-class aspirations and the higher costs associated with
luxury goods initially hampered the New Exchange’s sales. In the fall of 1609 only 27 of the roughly one hundred leases available had been sold, and when their
eleven-year terms ran out, it was even more difficult to find new tenants for the
shops (Stone 104, Dillon 113). Wilson suggested that one reason for the New Exchange’s difficulty in filling its shops was the small amount of affordable housing available
to shopkeepers and customers alike (Stone 104). To address this problem, in 1627 the upper-level shops were removed and replaced with flats offering 21-year leases
for twelve to fifteen pounds per year. Once again the New Exchange confronted sanitation concerns: apartment leases specified that tenants would not
let excrement from their flats drip through the floor onto the heads of the shopkeepers
below (Stone 105).
It was not until the 1630s that sales revived. Despite rivalries between the exchanges, by the time of Heywood’s Pietatis, or the Port and Harbour of Piety (1638), the City of London had imaginatively appropriated the New Exchange:
London and Westminster are two Twin-ſiſter-Cities; as joyned by one Street, ſo wate red by one ſtreame: the firſt a breeder of grave Magiſtrates, the ſecond, the buriall-place of great Monarchs Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. (JJ)[…] yet London may be preſum’d to be the elder, and more excellent in Birth, Meanes, and Iſſue; in the firſt for her Antiquity, in the ſecond for her Ability, in the third, for her numerous Progeny: ſhe and her Suburbs being decored with two ſeverall Burſes or Exchanges[.] (Heywood sig. A3r)Although the New Exchange had by this time long been under the control of the Customs Farmers, most of whom had city interests, it is nonetheless remarkable that the New Exchange can be invoked as an ornament to London in the context of a pageant written to celebrate the inauguration of a lord mayor. Not only did the mayor’s area of jurisdiction not extend into the suburbs, but a mere thirty years earlier this mayor’s predecessor was arguing vehemently against the construction of the New Exchange on the grounds that it would prove detrimental to the City.
During the sales boom of the 1630s, thirty more booths were added to the outside of the New Exchange, and in 1638 the upstairs flats were converted into shops once more. The New Exchange’s peak sales period lasted from 1661 to 1681, when it housed 109 shopkeepers and a milk bar in the cellar (Stone 108). Samuel Pepys mentions the New Exchange more than 130 times in his diaries: he describes buying mourning garments for himself
and pendants and gloves for his wife, socializing at the milk bar, and chatting with
the female salespeople (Pepys). On 31 December 1666, Pepys recorded multiple trips to the New Exchange to clear his debts before the New Year:
Rising this day with a full design to mind nothing else but to make up my accounts forthe year past, I did take money, and walk forth to several places in the towne as far as the New Exchange, to pay all my debts Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. (JJ)[…] Thence to the New Exchange to clear my wife’s score, and so going back again I met Doll Lane (Mrs. Martin’s sister), with another young woman of the Hall, one Scott, and took them to the Half Moon Taverne and there drank some burnt wine with them, without more pleasure, and so away home by coach[.] (Pepys 31 December 1666)His diary entry suggests the commercial development of the area surrounding the New Exchange by the mid-seventeenth century, allowing him to
walk forth to several places in the townewhere he has done business throughout the year, and offering local options for socializing, like the Strand’s Half Moon Taverne.
The prosperity of the New Exchange and the surrounding suburbs during the time of Pepys’ diaries came about partly due to the loss of the Royal Exchange in the Great Fire of 1666 as well as the development of nearby Covent Garden and Lincoln’s Inn Fields. This development is also reflected in the regular references to the New Exchange in restoration comedy. In the final decades of the seventeenth century, however, the New Exchange began to slide into decline, and it was finally destroyed in 1737.
Notes
- Because of Cecil’s association with taxation, he was already in the city’s bad books. In one libelous
poem, he was called
Oppression’s praiser, Taxation’s raiser Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. (JJ)[…] / The country’s scourger, the cities’ cheater / Of many a shilling
(qtd. in Croft 49). (JJ)↑ - The Gresham Committee, comprised of aldermen, leading citizens, and members of the Mercers’ Company, took over the management of the Royal Exchange after Lady Anne Gresham died in 1596. See Saunders 85-98. (JJ)↑
- This quote is from the Gresham Repertory, Mercers’ Company Manuscript GR I, 188. (JJ)↑
- City of London Record Office, Remembrancia, ii ff. 323. (JJ)↑
- Donne’s authorship is conjectural. (DD)↑
- Birth and abode are the things which determine community affiliation, but the language suggests individual rather than communal definition. (JJ)↑
- A proclamation against further building stated that
Wee doe exceedingly approve and commend all Edifices, Structures, and workes which tend to publique use and ornament, in and about Our said Citie, as Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. (JJ)[…] Britanes Burse Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. (JJ)[…] and the like workes
(16 July 1615, SRP 1: 345). (JJ)↑ - I.e., Sir Robert Cecil. (MR)↑
- Popular opinion certainly held that the New Exchange appealed to a different clientele:
The Rialto was as familiar to him as the Exchange in Corrnhill is to merchants, or the New Bourse in the Strand is to courtiers and lawyers
(Dekker 132). (JJ)↑
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Personography
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Molly Rothwell
MR
Project Manager, 2022-present. Research Assistant, 2020-2022. Molly Rothwell was an undergraduate student at the University of Victoria, with a double major in English and History. During her time at MoEML, Molly primarily worked on encoding and transcribing the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey, adding toponyms to MoEML’s Gazetteer, researching England’s early-modern court system, and standardizing MoEML’s Mapography.Roles played in the project
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Kate LeBere
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Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet during the Russian Cultural Revolution. During her time at MoEML, Kate made significant contributions to the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey of London, old-spelling anthology of mayoral shows, and old-spelling library texts. She authored the MoEML’s first Project Management Manual andquickstart
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
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Kim McLean-Fiander
KMF
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Associate Project Director
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Author
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CSS Editor
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Compiler
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Conceptor
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Copy Editor
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Data Manager
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Director of Pedagogy and Outreach
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Editor
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Encoder
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Geo-Coordinate Researcher
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Managing Editor
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Markup Editor
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Metadata Architect
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Research Fellow
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Toponymist
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Transcriber
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Transcription Proofreader
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Vetter
Contributions by this author
Kim McLean-Fiander is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Kim McLean-Fiander is mentioned in the following documents:
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Janelle Jenstad
JJ
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).Roles played in the project
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Abstract Author
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Author
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Author (Preface)
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Author of Preface
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Compiler
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Conceptor
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Copy Editor
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Course Instructor
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Course Supervisor
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Data Manager
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Editor
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Encoder
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Geo-Coordinate Researcher
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Markup Editor
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Peer Reviewer
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Project Director
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Proofreader
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Researcher
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Toponymist
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Transcriber
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Transcription Proofreader
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Vetter
Contributions by this author
Janelle Jenstad is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Janelle Jenstad is mentioned in the following documents:
Janelle Jenstad authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Building a Gazetteer for Early Modern London, 1550-1650.
Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody.
The Elizabethan Theatre XV. Ed. C.E. McGee and A.L. Magnusson. Toronto: P.D. Meany, 2002. 181–202. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..The City Cannot Hold You
: Social Conversion in the Goldsmith’s Shop. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.The Gouldesmythes Storehowse
: Early Evidence for Specialisation. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside.
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34 (2004): 373–403. doi:10.1215/10829636–34–2–373. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment.
Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage.
Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London.
GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?.
Janelle Jenstad Blog. https://janellejenstad.com/2013/03/20/versioning-john-stows-a-survey-of-london-or-whats-new-in-1618-and-1633/. -
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Danielle Drees
DD
Contributor, 2018. Danielle Drees is a doctoral candidate at Columbia University in the Department of English and Comparative Literature with a focus on Theatre. Her work focuses on the intersections of theatre, feminist theory, and politics.Roles played in the project
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Author
Contributions by this author
Danielle Drees is mentioned in the following documents:
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Martin D. Holmes
MDH
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Abstract Author
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Author
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Conceptor
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Editor
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Encoder
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Geo-Coordinate Researcher
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Markup Editor
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Post-Conversion Editor
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Programmer
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Researcher
Contributions by this author
Martin D. Holmes is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Martin D. Holmes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dudley Carleton
(b. 10 March 1574, d. 15 February 1632)First Viscount Dorchester. Secretary of State.Dudley Carleton is mentioned in the following documents:
Dudley Carleton authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Carleton, Dudley.
Letter to John Chamberlain, 7 January 1605.
Dudley Carleton to John Chamberlain, 1603–1624: Jacobean Letters. Ed. Maurice Lee Jr. New Jersey: Rutgers UP, 1972. 55.
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Sir Robert Cecil
(b. 1563, d. 1612)First Earl of Salisbury. Lord Privy Seal 1598-1608. Lord High Treasurer 1608-1612. Son of Sir William Cecil and Mildred Cecil. Brother of Anne Cecil.Sir Robert Cecil is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Donne is mentioned in the following documents:
John Donne authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Donne, John.
A Tale of a Citizen and his Wife.
John Donne: The Elegies and the Songs and Sonnets. Ed. Helen Gardner. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965. Print.
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Thomas Heywood is mentioned in the following documents:
Thomas Heywood authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Heywood, Thomas. The Captives; or, The Lost Recovered. Ed. Alexander Corbin Judson. New Haven: Yale UP, 1921. Print.
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Heywood, Thomas. The First and Second Parts of King Edward IV. Ed. Richard Rowland. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2005. The Revels Plays.
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Heywood, Thomas. The foure prentises of London VVith the conquest of Ierusalem. As it hath bene diuerse times acted, at the Red Bull, by the Queenes Maiesties Seruants. London: [Nicholas Okes] for I. W[right], 1615. STC 13321.
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Heywood, Thomas. The Second Part of, If you know not me, you know no bodie. VVith the building of the Royall Exchange: And the Famous Victorie of Queene Elizabeth, in the Yeare 1588. London: [Thomas Purfoot] for Nathaniell Butter, 1606. STC 13336.
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Munday, Anthony, Henry Chettle, Thomas Dekker, Thomas Heywood, and William Shakespeare. Sir Thomas More. 1998. Remediated by Project Gutenberg.
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Munday, Anthony, Henry Chettle, Thomas Dekker, Thomas Heywood, and William Shakespeare. Sir Thomas More. Ed. Vittorio Gabrieli and Giorgio Melchiori. Revels Plays. Manchester; New York: Manchester UP, 1990. Print.
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Thomas Heywood. Heywood’s Dramatic Works. 6 vols. Ed. W.J. Alexander. London: John Pearson, 1874. Print.
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James VI and I
James This numeral is a Roman numeral. The Arabic equivalent is 6VI This numeral is a Roman numeral. The Arabic equivalent is 1I King of Scotland King of England King of Ireland
(b. 1566, d. 1625)James VI and I is mentioned in the following documents:
James VI and I authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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James VI and I. Letters of King James VI and I. Ed. G.P.V. Akrigg. Berkeley: U of California P, 1984. Print.
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Rhodes, Neill, Jennifer Richards, and Joseph Marshall, eds. King James VI and I: Selected Writings. By James VI and I. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2004.
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Inigo Jones is mentioned in the following documents:
Inigo Jones authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Jones, Inigo.
Design for the new
1610s. RIBA 12957.Italyan
gate, Arundel House, Strand, London.
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Ben Jonson is mentioned in the following documents:
Ben Jonson authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Chapman, George, Ben Jonson, and John Marston. Eastvvard hoe. London: George Eld for William Aspley, 1605. STC 4973.
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Chapman, George, Ben Jonson, and John Marston. Eastward Ho! Ed. R.W. Van Fossen. New York: Manchester UP, 1999. Print.
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Dekker, Thomas, Stephen Harrison, Ben Jonson, and Thomas Middleton. The Whole Royal and Magnificent Entertainment of King James through the City of London, 15 March 1604, with the Arches of Triumph. Ed. R. Malcolm Smuts. Thomas Middleton: The Collected Works. Gen. ed. Gary Taylor and John Lavagnino. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2007. 219–279. Print.
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Gifford, William, ed. The Works of Ben Jonson. By Ben Jonson. Vol. 1. London: Nichol, 1816. Remediated by Internet Archive.
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Jonson, Ben. The Alchemist. London: New Mermaids, 1991. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. Bartholomew Fair. Ed. E.A. Horsman. Manchester: Manchester UP, 1979. Revels Plays. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. Bartholomew Fair. Ed. Suzanne Gossett, based on The Revels Plays edition ed. E.A. Horsman. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2000. Revels Student Editions. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. Ben: Ionson’s execration against Vulcan. London: J. Okes for John Benson and A. Crooke, 1640. STC 14771.
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Jonson, Ben. B. Ion: his part of King Iames his royall and magnificent entertainement through his honorable cittie of London, Thurseday the 15. of March. 1603 so much as was presented in the first and last of their triumphall arch’s. London, 1604. STC 14756.
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Jonson, Ben. The Complete Poetry of Ben Jonson. Ed. William B. Hunter, Jr. New York: New York UP, 1963. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. The Complete Poetry of Ben Jonson. Ed. William B. Hunter. Stuart Edtions. New York: New YorkUP, 1963.
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Jonson, Ben. The Devil is an Ass. Ed. Peter Happé. Manchester and New York: Manchester UP, 1996. Revels Plays. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. Epicene. Ed. Richard Dutton. Revels Plays. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2004. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. Every Man Out of His Humour. Ed. Helen Ostovich. Manchester: Manchester UP, 2001. Print.
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Jonson, Ben. The First, of Blacknesse, Personated at the Court, at White-hall, on the Twelfth Night, 1605. The Characters of Two Royall Masques: The One of Blacknesse, the Other of Beautie. Personated by the Most Magnificent of Queenes Anne Queene of Great Britaine, &c. with her Honorable Ladyes, 1605 and 1608 at White-hall. London : For Thomas Thorp, and are to be Sold at the Signe of the Tigers Head in Paules Church-yard, 1608. Sig. A3r-C2r. STC 14761.
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Jonson, Ben. Oberon, The Faery Prince. The Workes of Benjamin Jonson. Vol. 1. London: Will Stansby, 1616. Sig. 4N2r-2N6r.
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Jonson, Ben. The Staple of Newes. The Works. Vol. 2. London: Printed by I.B. for Robert Allot, 1631. Sig. 2A1r-2J2v.
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Jonson, Ben. The Staple of News. Ed. Anthony Parr. Manchester; New York: Manchester UP, 1999. Revels Plays. Print.
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Jonson, Ben.
To Penshurst.
The Norton Anthology of English Literature. Ed. Stephen Greenblatt, Carol T. Christ, Alfred David, Barbara K. Lewalski, Lawrence Lipking, George M. Logan, Deidre Shauna Lynch, Katharine Eisaman Maus, James Noggle, Jahan Ramazani, Catherine Robson, James Simpson, Jon Stallworthy, Jack Stillinger, and M. H. Abrams. 9th ed. Vol. B. New York: W.W. Norton & Company, 2012. 1547. -
Jonson, Ben. Underwood. Cambridge: Cambridge UP, 1905. Remediated by Internet Archive.
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Jonson, Ben. The vvorkes of Beniamin Ionson. Containing these playes, viz. 1 Bartholomew Fayre. 2 The staple of newes. 3 The Divell is an asse. London, 1641. STC 14754.
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Samuel Pepys is mentioned in the following documents:
Samuel Pepys authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Pepys, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Pepys: A New and Complete Transcription. Ed. Robert Latham and William Matthews. 11 vols. Berkeley : U of California P, 1970–1983.
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Pepys, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Pepys: Daily Entries from the 17th Century London Diary. Dev. Phil Gyford. https://www.pepysdiary.com/.
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Pepys, Samuel. Diary of Samuel Pepys. Remediated by Project Gutenberg.
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John Stow
(b. between 1524 and 1525, d. 1605)Historian and author of A Survey of London. Husband of Elizabeth Stow.John Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
John Stow authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Blome, Richard.
Aldersgate Ward and St. Martins le Grand Liberty Taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. M3r and sig. M4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Aldgate Ward with its Division into Parishes. Taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections & Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H3r and sig. H4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Billingsgate Ward and Bridge Ward Within with it’s Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. Y2r and sig. Y3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Bishopsgate-street Ward. Taken from the Last Survey and Corrected.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. N1r and sig. N2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Bread Street Ward and Cardwainter Ward with its Division into Parishes Taken from the Last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. B3r and sig. B4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Broad Street Ward with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections and Additions, & Cornhill Ward with its Divisions into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey, &c.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. P2r and sig. P3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Cheape Ward with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig.D1r and sig. D2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Coleman Street Ward and Bashishaw Ward Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. G2r and sig. G3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Cow Cross being St Sepulchers Parish Without and the Charterhouse.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H2v and sig. H3r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Creplegate Ward with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey, with Additions, and Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. I3r and sig. I4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Farrington Ward Without, with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections & Amendments.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. 2F3r and sig. 2F4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Lambeth and Christ Church Parish Southwark. Taken from ye last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. Z1r and sig. Z2r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Langborne Ward with its Division into Parishes. Corrected from the Last Survey. & Candlewick Ward with its Division into Parishes. Corrected from the Last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. U3r and sig. U4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Map of St. Gilles’s Cripple Gate. Without. With Large Additions and Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H2v and sig. H3r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Map of the Parish of St. Dunstans Stepney, als. Stebunheath Divided into Hamlets.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. F3r and sig. F4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Map of the Parish of St Mary White Chappel and a Map of the Parish of St Katherines by the Tower.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. F2r and sig. F3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of Lime Street Ward. Taken from ye Last Surveys & Corrected.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. M1r and sig. M2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of St. Andrews Holborn Parish as well Within the Liberty as Without.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. 2I1r and sig. 2I2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parishes of St. Clements Danes, St. Mary Savoy; with the Rolls Liberty and Lincolns Inn, Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig.O4v and sig. O1r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St. Anns. Taken from the last Survey, with Correction, and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. L2v and sig. L3r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St. Giles’s in the Fields Taken from the Last Servey, with Corrections and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. K1v and sig. K2r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St Margarets Westminster Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig.H3v and sig. H4r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St Martins in the Fields Taken from ye Last Survey with Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. I1v and sig. I2r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St Pauls Covent Garden Taken from the Last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. L3v and sig. L4r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
A Mapp of the Parish of St Saviours Southwark and St Georges taken from ye last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. D1r and sig.D2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
The Parish of St. James Clerkenwell taken from ye last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H3v and sig. H4r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
The Parish of St. James’s, Westminster Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. K4v and sig. L1r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
The Parish of St Johns Wapping. The Parish of St Paul Shadwell.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. E2r and sig. E3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Portsoken Ward being Part of the Parish of St. Buttolphs Aldgate, taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections and Additions.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. B1v and sig. B2r. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Queen Hith Ward and Vintry Ward with their Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. 2C4r and sig. 2D1v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Shoreditch Norton Folgate, and Crepplegate Without Taken from ye Last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. G1r and sig. G2v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Spittle Fields and Places Adjacent Taken from ye Last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. F4r and sig. G1v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
St. Olave and St. Mary Magdalens Bermondsey Southwark Taken from ye last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. C2r and sig.C3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Tower Street Ward with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. E2r and sig. E3v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
Walbrook Ward and Dowgate Ward with its Division into Parishes, Taken from the Last Surveys.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. 2B3r and sig. 2B4v. [See more information about this map.] -
Blome, Richard.
The Wards of Farington Within and Baynards Castle with its Divisions into Parishes, Taken from the Last Survey, with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. Q2r and sig. Q3v. [See more information about this map.] -
The City of London as in Q. Elizabeth’s Time.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Frontispiece. -
A Map of the Tower Liberty.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H4v and sig. I1r. [See more information about this map.] -
A New Plan of the City of London, Westminster and Southwark.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Frontispiece. -
Pearl, Valerie.
Introduction.
A Survey of London. By John Stow. Ed. H.B. Wheatley. London: Everyman’s Library, 1987. v–xii. Print. -
Pullen, John.
A Map of the Parish of St Mary Rotherhith.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 2. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. Z3r and sig. Z4r. [See more information about this map.] -
Stow, John. The abridgement of the English Chronicle, first collected by M. Iohn Stow, and after him augmented with very many memorable antiquities, and continued with matters forreine and domesticall, vnto the beginning of the yeare, 1618. by E.H. Gentleman. London, Edward Allde and Nicholas Okes, 1618. STC 23332.
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Stow, John. The annales of England Faithfully collected out of the most autenticall authors, records, and other monuments of antiquitie, lately collected, since encreased, and continued, from the first habitation vntill this present yeare 1605. London: Peter Short, Felix Kingston, and George Eld, 1605. STC 23337.
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Stow, John, Anthony Munday, and Henry Holland. THE SVRVAY of LONDON: Containing, The Originall, Antiquitie, Encrease, and more Moderne Estate of the sayd Famous Citie. As also, the Rule and Gouernment thereof (both Ecclesiasticall and Temporall) from time to time. With a briefe Relation of all the memorable Monuments, and other especiall Obseruations, both in and about the same CITIE. Written in the yeere 1598. by Iohn Stow, Citizen of London. Since then, continued, corrected and much enlarged, with many rare and worthy Notes, both of Venerable Antiquity, and later memorie; such, as were neuer published before this present yeere 1618. London: George Purslowe, 1618. STC 23344. Yale University Library copy.
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Stow, John, Anthony Munday, and Humphrey Dyson. THE SURVEY OF LONDON: CONTAINING The Original, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of that City, Methodically set down. With a Memorial of those famouser Acts of Charity, which for publick and Pious Vses have been bestowed by many Worshipfull Citizens and Benefactors. As also all the Ancient and Modern Monuments erected in the Churches, not only of those two famous Cities, LONDON and WESTMINSTER, but (now newly added) Four miles compass. Begun first by the pains and industry of John Stow, in the year 1598. Afterwards inlarged by the care and diligence of A.M. in the year 1618. And now compleatly finished by the study &labour of A.M., H.D. and others, this present year 1633. Whereunto, besides many Additions (as appears by the Contents) are annexed divers Alphabetical Tables, especially two, The first, an index of Things. The second, a Concordance of Names. London: Printed for Nicholas Bourne, 1633. STC 23345.5.
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Stow, John. The chronicles of England from Brute vnto this present yeare of Christ. 1580. Collected by Iohn Stow citizen of London. London, 1580.
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Stow, John. A Summarie of the Chronicles of England. Diligently Collected, Abridged, & Continued vnto this Present Yeere of Christ, 1598. London: Imprinted by Richard Bradocke, 1598.
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Stow, John. A suruay of London· Conteyning the originall, antiquity, increase, moderne estate, and description of that city, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow citizen of London. Since by the same author increased, with diuers rare notes of antiquity, and published in the yeare, 1603. Also an apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that citie, the greatnesse thereof. VVith an appendix, contayning in Latine Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. London: John Windet, 1603. STC 23343. U of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus) copy.
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Stow, John, The survey of London contayning the originall, increase, moderne estate, and government of that city, methodically set downe. With a memoriall of those famouser acts of charity, which for publicke and pious vses have beene bestowed by many worshipfull citizens and benefactors. As also all the ancient and moderne monuments erected in the churches, not onely of those two famous cities, London and Westminster, but (now newly added) foure miles compasse. Begunne first by the paines and industry of Iohn Stovv, in the yeere 1598. Afterwards inlarged by the care and diligence of A.M. in the yeere 1618. And now completely finished by the study and labour of A.M. H.D. and others, this present yeere 1633. Whereunto, besides many additions (as appeares by the contents) are annexed divers alphabeticall tables; especially two: the first, an index of things. The second, a concordance of names. London: Printed by Elizabeth Purslovv for Nicholas Bourne, 1633. STC 23345. U of Victoria copy.
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Stow, John, The survey of London contayning the originall, increase, moderne estate, and government of that city, methodically set downe. With a memoriall of those famouser acts of charity, which for publicke and pious vses have beene bestowed by many worshipfull citizens and benefactors. As also all the ancient and moderne monuments erected in the churches, not onely of those two famous cities, London and Westminster, but (now newly added) foure miles compasse. Begunne first by the paines and industry of Iohn Stovv, in the yeere 1598. Afterwards inlarged by the care and diligence of A.M. in the yeere 1618. And now completely finished by the study and labour of A.M. H.D. and others, this present yeere 1633. Whereunto, besides many additions (as appeares by the contents) are annexed divers alphabeticall tables; especially two: the first, an index of things. The second, a concordance of names. London: Printed by Elizabeth Purslovv [i.e., Purslow] for Nicholas Bourne, 1633. STC 23345.
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Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. Remediated by British History Online. [Kingsford edition, courtesy of The Centre for Metropolitan History. Articles written after 2011 cite from this searchable transcription.]
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Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. See also the digital transcription of this edition at British History Online.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ &nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. 23341. Transcribed by EEBO-TCP.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ &nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Folger Shakespeare Library.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ &nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. London: John Windet for John Wolfe, 1598. STC 23341.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Coteyning the Originall, Antiquity, Increaſe, Moderne eſtate, and deſcription of that City, written in the yeare 1598, by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Since by the ſame Author increaſed with diuers rare notes of Antiquity, and publiſhed in the yeare, 1603. Alſo an Apologie (or defence) againſt the opinion of ſome men, concerning that Citie, the greatneſſe thereof. With an Appendix, contayning in Latine Libellum de ſitu & nobilitae Londini: Writen by William Fitzſtephen, in the raigne of Henry the ſecond. London: John Windet, 1603. U of Victoria copy. Print.
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Strype, John, John Stow, Anthony Munday, and Humphrey Dyson. A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster. Vol. 2. London, 1720. Remediated by The Making of the Modern World.
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Strype, John, John Stow. A SURVEY OF THE CITIES OF LONDON and WESTMINSTER, And the Borough of SOUTHWARK. CONTAINING The Original, Antiquity, Increase, present State and Government of those CITIES. Written at first in the Year 1698, By John Stow, Citizen and Native of London. Corrected, Improved, and very much Enlarged, in the Year 1720, By JOHN STRYPE, M.A. A NATIVE ALSO OF THE SAID CITY. The Survey and History brought down to the present Time BY CAREFUL HANDS. Illustrated with exact Maps of the City and Suburbs, and of all the Wards; and, likewise, of the Out-Parishes of London and Westminster, and the Country ten Miles round London. Together with many fair Draughts of the most Eminent Buildings. The Life of the Author, written by Mr. Strype, is prefixed; And, at the End is added, an APPENDIX Of certain Tracts, Discourses, and Remarks on the State of the City of London. 6th ed. 2 vols. London: Printed for W. Innys and J. Richardson, J. and P. Knapton, and S. Birt, R. Ware, T. and T. Longman, and seven others, 1754–1755. ESTC T150145.
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Strype, John, John Stow. A survey of the cities of London and Westminster: containing the original, antiquity, increase, modern estate and government of those cities. Written at first in the year MDXCVIII. By John Stow, citizen and native of London. Since reprinted and augmented by A.M. H.D. and other. Now lastly, corrected, improved, and very much enlarged: and the survey and history brought down from the year 1633, (being near fourscore years since it was last printed) to the present time; by John Strype, M.A. a native also of the said city. Illustrated with exact maps of the city and suburbs, and of all the wards; and likewise of the out-parishes of London and Westminster: together with many other fair draughts of the more eminent and publick edifices and monuments. In six books. To which is prefixed, the life of the author, writ by the editor. At the end is added, an appendiz of certain tracts, discourses and remarks, concerning the state of the city of London. Together with a perambulation, or circuit-walk four or five miles round about London, to the parish churches: describing the monuments of the dead there interred: with other antiquities observable in those places. And concluding with a second appendix, as a supply and review: and a large index of the whole work. 2 vols. London : Printed for A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. ESTC T48975.
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The Tower and St. Catherins Taken from the Last Survey with Corrections.
A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate and Government of those Cities. By John Stow and John Strype. Vol. 1. London: A. Churchill, J. Knapton, R. Knaplock, J. Walthoe, E. Horne, B. Tooke, D. Midwinter, B. Cowse, R. Robinson, and T. Ward, 1720. Insert between sig. H4v and sig. I1r. [See more information about this map.] -
Wheatley, Henry Benjamin.
Introduction.
A Survey of London. 1603. By John Stow. London: J.M. Dent and Sons, 1912. Print.
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Dr. Thomas Wilson
Thomas Wilson
(b. 1523)Master of St. Katherine’s Hospital. Buried at St. Katherine’s Hospital. John Stow mistakenly credits him of dissolving its choir.Dr. Thomas Wilson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Gresham
Sir John Gresham Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London 1537-1538. Mayor 1547-1548. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Husband of Dame Mary Gresham and Dame Katharine Gresham. Buried at St. Michael Bassishaw.Sir John Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Anne Gresham
Wife of Sir Thomas Gresham.Lady Anne Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Simon Basil is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Southes
Principal mason of Simon Basil.William Southes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Doll Powell (née Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Betty Martin (née Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Wycherley is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Royal Exchange
Located in Broad Street Ward and Cornhill Ward, the Royal Exchange was opened in 1570 to make business more convenient for merchants and tradesmen (Harben 512). The construction of the Royal Exchange was largely funded by Sir Thomas Gresham (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 718).Royal Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cathedral
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In 962, while London was occupied by the Danes, St. Paul’s monastery was burnt and raised anew. The church survived the Norman conquest of 1066, but in 1087 it was burnt again. An ambitious Bishop named Maurice took the opportunity to build a new St. Paul’s, even petitioning the king to offer a piece of land belonging to one of his castles (Times 115). The building Maurice initiated would become the cathedral of St. Paul’s which survived until the Great Fire of London.St. Paul’s Cathedral is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Strand
Named for its location on the bank of the Thames, the Strand leads outside the City of London from Temple Bar through what was formerly the Duchy of Lancaster to Charing Cross in what was once the city of Westminster. There were three main phases in the evolution of the Strand in early modern times: occupation by the bishops, occupation by the nobility, and commercial development.The Strand is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strand Lane
Strand Lane wasa narrow and rather winding thoroughfare leading to the Embankment a few yards to the east of Somerset House
(Thornbury).Strand Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Durham House
Durham House was located in the Strand, west of Ivy Bridge Lane. It stood at the border between the Duchy of Lancaster and Westminster.Durham House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitehall
Whitehall Palace, the Palace of Whitehall or simply Whitehall, was one of the most complex and sizeable locations in the entirety of early modern Europe. As the primary place of residence for monarchs from 1529 to 1698, Whitehall was an architectural testament to the shifting sociopolitical, religious, and aesthetic currents of Renaissance England. Sugden describes the geospatial location of Whitehall in noting that[i]t lay on the left bank of the Thames, and extended from nearly the point where Westminster Bdge. now crosses the river to Scotland Yard, and from the river back to St. James’s Park
(Sugden 564-565).Whitehall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lombard Street
Lombard Street was known by early modern Londoners as a place of commerce and trade. Running east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry, Lombard Street bordered Langbourn Ward, Walbrook Ward, Bridge Within Ward, and Candlewick Street Ward.Lombard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street
Bread Street ran north-south from the Standard (Cheapside) to Knightrider Street, crossing Watling Street. It lay wholly in the ward of Bread Street, to which it gave its name.Bread Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Milk Street
Milk Street, located in Cripplegate Ward, began on the north side of Cheapside Street, and ran north to a square formed at the intersection of Milk Street, Cat Street (Lothbury), Lad Lane, and Aldermanbury.Milk Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Silver Street
Silver Street was a small but historically significant street that ran east-west, emerging out of Noble Street in the west and merging into Addle Street in the east. Monkwell Street (labelledMuggle St.
on the Agas map) lay to the north of Silver Street and seems to have marked its westernmost point, and Little Wood Street, also to the north, marked its easternmost point. Silver Street ran through Cripplegate Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. It is labelled asSyluer Str.
on the Agas map and is drawn correctly. Perhaps the most noteworthy historical fact about Silver Street is that it was the location of one of the houses in which William Shakespeare dwelled during his time in London.Silver Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Street
Cheapside Street, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside Street separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside Street was the centre of London’s wealth, with many mercers’ and goldsmiths’ shops located there. It was also the most sacred stretch of the processional route, being traced both by the linear east-west route of a royal entry and by the circular route of the annual mayoral procession.Cheapside Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ironmonger Lane
Ironmonger Lane, located directly north of Eastcheap in Cheap Ward, ran north-south between Cateaton Street and Cheapside Street. The lane’s name has undergone a number of spelling changes over the years—on the Agas map, it is labelled asIremonger lane,
but it has also been written asIsmonger Lane,
Ismongeres Lane,
orYsmongeres Lane,
with records of the last spelling dating back to 1213 (Harben).Ironmonger Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Threadneedle Street
Threadneedle Street ran east-west from Bishopsgate Street to Cornhill and the Stocks Market. It passed the north end of the Royal Exchange and was entirely in Broad Street Ward. Threadneedle Street, also called Three Needle Street, is clearly visible on the Agas map. It was apparently very well known for its taverns.Threadneedle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Poultry is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Inns of Court
The four principal constituents of the Inns of Court were:The Inns of Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornhill
Cornhill was a significant thoroughfare and was part of the cityʼs main major east-west thoroughfare that divided the northern half of London from the southern half. The part of this thoroughfare named Cornhill extended from St. Andrew Undershaft to the three-way intersection of Threadneedle, Poultry, and Cornhill where the Royal Exchange was built. The nameCornhill
preserves a memory both of the cornmarket that took place in this street, and of the topography of the site upon which the Roman city of Londinium was built.Note: Cornhill and Cornhill Ward are nearly synonymous in terms of location and nomenclature - thus, it can be a challenge to tell one from the other. Topographical decisions have been made to the best of our knowledge and ability.Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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PLACEHOLDER LOCATION
PLACEHOLDER LOCATION ITEM. The purpose of this item is to allow encoders to link to a location item when they cannot add a new location file for some reason. MoEML may still be seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please contact the MoEML team.PLACEHOLDER LOCATION is mentioned in the following documents:
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Covent Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lincoln’s Inn Fields
According to Carlin and Belcher, Lincoln’s Inn Fields were formerly referred to asCup Field
orPurse Field
(Carlin and Belcher 84). The namesake for the location is Lincoln’s Inn, one of the Inns of Court. The fields were located east of Lincoln’s Inn and west of Covent Garden.Lincoln’s Inn Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
Organizations
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Mercers’ Company
Worshipful Company of Mercers
The Mercers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Mercers were first in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Mercers is still active and maintains a website at https://www.mercers.co.uk/ that includes a history of the company.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goldsmiths’ Company
Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths
The Goldsmiths’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Goldsmiths were fifth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths is still active and maintains a website at https://www.thegoldsmiths.co.uk/ that includes a history of the company and explains the company’s role in the annual Trial of the Pyx.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
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East India Company
The East India Company was a joint-stock company formed to trade in the Indian Ocean region.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
Variant spellings
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Documents using the spelling
Britaines Bursse
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Documents using the spelling
Britain’s Burse
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Documents using the spelling
Britanes Burse
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Documents using the spelling
Burse of reformation
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Documents using the spelling
Busse
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Documents using the spelling
Exchange
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Documents using the spelling
New Bourse
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Documents using the spelling
New Exchange
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Documents using the spelling
new Exchange