Bridge Without Ward
¶Introduction
Bridge Without Ward or the Borough of Southwark is located outside of the Wall south of the Thames. The ward, like Bridge Within Ward, is named after London Bridge.
¶Links to Chapters in the Survey of London
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1603 (see below for excerpt)
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1618 (forthcoming)
¶1603 Description of Ward Boundaries
The following diplomatic transcription of the opening paragraph(s) of the 1603 chapter
on this ward will eventually be subsumed into the MoEML edition of the 1603 Survey.1 Each ward chapter opens with a narrative circumnavigation of the ward—a verbal
beating of the boundsthat MoEML first transcribed in 2004 and later used to facilitate the drawing of approximate ward boundaries on our edition of the Agas map. Source: John Stow, A Survey of London (London, 1603; STC #23343).
HAuing treated of Wardes in London, on the North ſide of the Thames (in
number 25.) I am now to croſſe ouer the ſaid Riuer into the Borough of Southwark, which is alſo a Warde of
London, without the walles,¦on the South ſide thereof, as is Portſoken on the Eaſt, and Faringdon extra on the Weſt.
This Borough being in the County of Surrey, conſiſteth of diuers
ſtreetes, wayes, and winding lanes, all full of buildings, inhabited: and
firſt to begin at the WEſt part thereof, ouer againſt the weſt Suburbe of
the Citie.
On the banke of the Riuer Thames there is now a continuall building of
tenements, about halfe a mile in length to the bridge. Then from the Bridge ſtraight
towards the South a continuall
ſtreete, called long Southwarke,
builded on both ſides with diuers lanes and alleyes up to S. Georges church, and beyond it through Blackman
ſtréete towardes New Town (or Newington) the liberties of which Borough
extend almoſt to the parriſh Church of New town aforeſaid, diſtant one mile
from London Bridge, and alſo
ſouthweſt a continuall building, almoſt to Lambeth more then one mile from the ſaid bridge.
Then from the bridge along by the
Thames Eaſtwarde, is ſaint Olaues ſtreet hauing continuall building on both
the ſides, with lanes and alleyes up to Battle bridge, to Horſedowne, and towardes Rother hith: alſo ſome
good halfe mile in length from London
bridge.
So that I account the whole continual buildings on the banke of the ſaid
riuer, from the weſt towardes the eaſt to be more then a large mile in
length.
Then haue ye from the entering towards the ſaid Horſedown one other continuall ſtreete called Bermondes eye ſtreete, which
ſtretcheth ſouth, likewiſe furniſhed with buildinges on both ſides, almoſt
halfe a mile in length, up to the late diſſolued Monaſterie of S. Sauiour
called Bermondſey. And from thence is one long lane (ſo called of the
length) turning weſt to ſaint Georges church afore named. Out of the which
lane mentioned Long lane breaketh one other ſtreete towardes the ſouth and by
eaſt, and this is called Kentiſh ſtreete for that is the way leading into
that countrie: and ſo haue you the bounds of this Borough.
¶Note on Ward boundaries on Agas Map
Ward boundaries drawn on the Agas map are approximate. The Agas map does not lend
itself well to georeferencing or georectification, which means that we have not been
able to import the raster-based or vector-based shapes that have been generously offered
to us by other projects. We have therefore used our drawing tools to draw polygons
on the map surface that follow the lines traced verbally in the opening paragraph(s)
of each ward chapter in the Survey. Read more about the cartographic genres of the Agas map.
Notes
References
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Citation
Stow, John. A suruay of London· Conteyning the originall, antiquity, increase, moderne estate, and description of that city, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow citizen of London. Since by the same author increased, with diuers rare notes of antiquity, and published in the yeare, 1603. Also an apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that citie, the greatnesse thereof. VVith an appendix, contayning in Latine Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. London: John Windet, 1603. STC 23343. U of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus) copy.This item is cited in the following documents:
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Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. See also the digital transcription of this edition at British History Online.This item is cited in the following documents:
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Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. Remediated by British History Online. [Kingsford edition, courtesy of The Centre for Metropolitan History. Articles written after 2011 cite from this searchable transcription.]This item is cited in the following documents:
Cite this page
MLA citation
Bridge Without Ward.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BRID4.htm.
Chicago citation
Bridge Without Ward.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BRID4.htm.
APA citation
The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/BRID4.htm.
2022. Bridge Without Ward. In (Ed), RIS file (for RefMan, RefWorks, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Zabel, Jamie ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Bridge Without Ward T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BRID4.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/BRID4.xml ER -
TEI citation
<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#ZABE1"><surname>Zabel</surname>, <forename>Jamie</forename></name></author>.
<title level="a">Bridge Without Ward</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern
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<surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>,
<date when="2022-05-05">05 May 2022</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BRID4.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BRID4.htm</ref>.</bibl>
Personography
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Molly Rothwell
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Project Manager, 2022-present. Research Assistant, 2020-2022. Molly Rothwell was an undergraduate student at the University of Victoria, with a double major in English and History. During her time at MoEML, Molly primarily worked on encoding and transcribing the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey, adding toponyms to MoEML’s Gazetteer, researching England’s early-modern court system, and standardizing MoEML’s Mapography.Roles played in the project
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print.
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Kim McLean-Fiander
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Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).Roles played in the project
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Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Building a Gazetteer for Early Modern London, 1550-1650.
Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody.
The Elizabethan Theatre XV. Ed. C.E. McGee and A.L. Magnusson. Toronto: P.D. Meany, 2002. 181–202. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..The City Cannot Hold You
: Social Conversion in the Goldsmith’s Shop. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.The Gouldesmythes Storehowse
: Early Evidence for Specialisation. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside.
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34 (2004): 373–403. doi:10.1215/10829636–34–2–373. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment.
Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage.
Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London.
GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?.
Janelle Jenstad Blog. https://janellejenstad.com/2013/03/20/versioning-john-stows-a-survey-of-london-or-whats-new-in-1618-and-1633/. -
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Martin D. Holmes
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Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Hugh Alley
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Alley, Hugh. Hugh Alley’s Caveat: The Markets of London in 1598: Folger MS V.a. 318. Ed. Ian Archer, Caroline Barron, and Vanessa Harding. London: London Topographical Society, 1988. Print.
Locations
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The Wall
Originally built as a Roman fortification for the provincial city of Londinium in the second century C.E., the London Wall remained a material and spatial boundary for the city throughout the early modern period. Described by Stow ashigh and great
(Stow 1:8), the London Wall dominated the cityscape and spatial imaginations of Londoners for centuries. Increasingly, the eighteen-foot high wall created a pressurized constraint on the growing city; the various gates functioned as relief valves where development spilled out to occupy spacesoutside the wall.
The Wall is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Thames
Perhaps more than any other geophysical feature, the Thames river has directly affected London’s growth and rise to prominence; historically, the city’s economic, political, and military importance was dependent on its riverine location. As a tidal river, connected to the North Sea, the Thames allowed for transportation to and from the outside world; and, as the longest river in England, bordering on nine counties, it linked London to the country’s interior. Indeed, without the Thames, London would not exist as one of Europe’s most influential cities. The Thames, however, is notable for its dichotomous nature: it is both a natural phenomenon and a cultural construct; it lives in geological time but has been the measure of human history; and the city was built around the river, but the river has been reshaped by the city and its inhabitants.The Thames is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Bridge
As the only bridge in London crossing the Thames until 1729, London Bridge was a focal point of the city. After its conversion from wood to stone, completed in 1209, the bridge housed a variety of structures, including a chapel and a growing number of shops. The bridge was famous for the cityʼs grisly practice of displaying traitorsʼ heads on poles above its gatehouses. Despite burning down multiple times, London Bridge was one of the few structures not entirely destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666.London Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Portsoken Ward
Portsoken Ward is east of Tower Street Ward and Aldgate Ward and is located outside the Wall. This ward was once called Knighten Guild, so named because the land which it encompasses was originally given to thirteen knights or soldiers who were the first members of the Knighten Guild, an order of chivalry founded by Edgar the Peaceful for valuable knights in his service. As the OED notes,portsoken
refers tothe district outside a city or borough, over which its jurisdiction extends
(OED portsoken, 1). It follows that this ward, one of the twenty-six wards of London and located outside of the Wall, was later known as Portsoken Ward.Portsoken Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Without Ward
Farringdon Without Ward is west of Farringdon Within Ward and Aldersgate Ward and is located outside the Wall. This ward is calledWithout
orExtra
because the ward is locatedwithout
Newgate and Ludgate and to differentiate it from Farringdon Within Ward. Farringdon Without Ward and its counterpart within the Wall are both named after William Faringdon, principle owner of Farringdon Ward, the greater ward that was separated into Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward in the 17 of Richard II.Farringdon Without Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Southwark
Long Southwark ran southwards from London Bridge to St. George Southwark, where it attached to Blackman Street (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). The street is labelledSouthwarke
on the Agas map. Stow notes that Long Southwark wasbuilded on both sides with divers Lanes and Allies
(Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). The five prisons found in Southwark were also located on this street (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2v). Long Southwark formed the northern portion of the main thoroughfare in Southwark, which is now commonly referred to as theHigh Steet
orBorough High Street
(Malden).Long Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George Southwark
St. George Southwark was located adjacent to Suffolk House, just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Stow 1598, sig. Y8r). While there is no mention of the church in the 1086 Domesday Book, Stow notes that St. George Southwark was gifted to the Bermondsey Abbey by Thomas Arden and his son in 1122 (Stow 1598, sig. Y8v). As a result, St. George Southwark was probably constructed at the beginning of the twelfth century (Darlington).St. George Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackman Street
Blackman Street formed the southern portion of the main thoroughfare in Southwark, which is now commonly referred to as theHigh Street
orBorough High Street
(Malden). Stow notes that Blackman Street began at the southern end of Long Southwark near St. George Southwark and moved south towards the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). Blackman Street is south of the area depicted on the Agas map.Blackman Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Newington)
The Parish of St. Mary (Newington) began approximately a mile south of London Bridge and is south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Stow 1598, sig. Y5r). St. Mary (Newington) was also referred to asNewington Butts,
a name that is believed to originate from the ancient archery butts that were set up on the fields of the parish (Malden; Lysons). One of the notable sites in the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) was Newington Butts, which was among the earliest playhouses to exist during the golden age of Elizabethan theatre (Johnson 26). While Stow discusses the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) in his Survey of London, it was technically adistant parish,
which lay outside the Corporation of London’s jurisdiction (Boulton 12). As a result, the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) fell under the control of Surrey authorities (Boulton 9).Parish of St. Mary (Newington) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Newington)
St. Mary (Newington) was a church dedicated to The Virgin Mary located on the west side of the Parish of St. Mary (Newington), just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Noorthouck). Ida Darlington notes that the earliest mention of St. Mary (Newington) occurs in the Liber Feodorum orBook of Fees,
which mentions thatRoger de Susexx held the church of Niwetun of the gift of the Archbishop
in 1212. While very little is known about St. Mary (Newington) prior to the thirteenth century, a comprehensive record of the church’s rectors exists from 1212 onwards (Darlington).St. Mary (Newington) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth
Lambeth was a neighbourhood located on the southern bank of the Thames, directly opposite to Westminster (Lysons). Jeremy Boulton notes that Lambeth lay outside the Corporation of London’s jurisdiction and was instead controlled by Surrey authorities (Boulton 9). Lambeth is depicted on the Agas map, though it is partially covered by a descriptive cartouche. While the Agas map labels the area near Lambeth’s coordinates asThe lambeht,
this label appears to refer to Lambeth Palace rather than the neighbourhood as a whole. For a more detailed look at Lambeth, see Richard Blome’s 1720 map (Blome).Lambeth is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave Street
A street near the bank of the Thames near to St. Thomas Hospital.St. Olave Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Battle Bridge (Tooley Street)
Battle Bridge connected St. Olave Street with the road to Bermondsey and Horsleydown (Nichols 252). John Stow states that Battle Bridge was named after the Abbots of Battle Abbey, who built and repaired the bridge (Stow 1633, sig. 2R2r). The Abbots of Battle Abbey owned the Abbot of Battle’s Inn, which included the land surrounding Battle Bridge (Nichols 252). The site of the Abbot of Battle’s Inn and Battle Bridge is now marked by Battle Bridge Lane and Battle Bridge Stairs (Malden). Battle Bridge appears on Hogenberg and Braun’s 1572 map (Londinum Feracissimi Angliæ Regni Metropolis).Battle Bridge (Tooley Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horsleydown
Originally referred to asHorseydown
orHorsedown,
Horsleydown (sometimes spelled Horselydown) was located on the southern bank of the Thames, just east of Tooley Street (Surrey Archaeological Society 156, 167). Horsleydown’s name appears to derive from its original function as a large grazing field for cattle and horses (Walford). While Horsleydown remained a pastural setting in Stow’s time, by the nineteenth century the area had becomecrowded with wharfs and warehouses, granaries and factories, mills, breweries, and places of business of all kinds
(Noorthouck; Surrey Archaeological Society 156). Horsleydown is labelledHorſsey downe
on the Agas map,Horſy Downe
on the 1661 edition of Newcourt and Faithorne’s map (London), andHorsley Down
on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings). All three maps similarly depict a large open field near the Horsleydown label.Horsleydown is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rotherhithe
Rotherhithe, also known as Redriff, was a neighbourhoodon the Surrey side of the Thames, between Bermondsey and Deptford
(Sugden). Rotherhithe is famous for being the home of the first docks in London, which fostered a bustling commercial scene in the area (Walford).Rotherhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Street
Branching off from the south side of Tooley Street, Bermondsey Street (sometimes referred to as Barnaby Street) ran north-south towards Bermondsey Abbey (Stow 1598, sig. Z3v-Z4r). Bermondsey Street is depicted just east of Battle Bridge on the Agas map, although it is mislabeledKent Str.
Bermondsey Street also appears on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings), where it is labelledBarnaby or Bermondsey Street.
Bermondsey Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Abbey
According to Stow, Bermondsey Abbey dates back to the eleventh century. It was surrendered to Henry VIII in 1539 and subsequently demolished to be replaced with houses (Stow 1598, sig. Z4v).Bermondsey Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kent Street
Originally called Kentish Street, Kent Street began at the north end of Blackman Street and ran eastward from the church of St. George Southwark (Walford). Kent Street was a long and narrow road that connected Southwark to the County of Kent (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2v). Edward Walford notes that Kent Streetwas part of the great way from Dover and the Continent to the metropolis
until the early nineteenth century (Walford). Kent Street is now commonly referred to as Old Kent Road and is not to be confused with New Kent Road (Darlington). Kent Street is south of the area depicted on the Agas map.Kent Street is mentioned in the following documents:
Variant spellings
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Documents using the spelling
Borough of Southwark
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Documents using the spelling
Borough of Southwarke
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge Ward without
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge ward without
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge Ward Without
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Documents using the spelling
BRIDGE WARD WITHOVT
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge warde without
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge Warde without
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Documents using the spelling
Bridge Without Ward