Stangate Stairs
Removed in the late 1860s to make way for the Albert Embankment, Stangate Stairs
has no place on a modern map of London (
Draft Lambeth Palace Conservation Area Statement). In the early modern period, however, these stairs and their accompanying wharf of the same name provided river access to the east bank of the Thames, directly opposite Westminster Hall, Westminster Palace, and Westminster Abbey. Citizens of London could catch a boat or a barge from Stangate Stairs to Westminster on the opposite bank for a small sum, according to a 1579 book of common law statutes:
From the Blacke Friers, Bridewell, & the Temple, to Westminster, or Lambeth .ij.d. with their males or els euery person .ob. so that it amount to .ij.d. From Westminster to Lambeth or stayngate. ob. for a boate(Fitzherbert sig. F1v). The charge here for the boat between Stangate Stairs and Westminster is listed as
ob.,an abbreviation for a halfpenny that actually refers to a Roman coin called an obulus. A halfpenny is a small sum, and thus a boat between the Stangate Stairs and Westminster would have been affordable for most early modern Londoners.
According to one
cordwainer by the name of Edmund Gayton under the pseudonym Hodg Turberuil in
a 1659 satirical treatise entitled Walk knaves, walk,
a person could wade across the Thames between the Westminster bank and the Stangate
Stairs—provided they had strong waxed boots:
Now if thy boots be long enough, (which as I told you before; you must be sure to observe, before you buy them for this purpose) and the Seams strong and well-waxed, so as they will hold out water, which you ought first to make tryal of, by wading in them over the Thames, from the Parliament-stairs to Lambeth, or from White Hall to Stangate, (for one of these wayes we must all fly if the Cavaliers prevail) you need not be afraid afterward to go over with them, to any part beyond the Seas. So as methinks, this also should be another strong motive, to perswade us to buy strong and long waxed boots. (Turberuil 11)Since the tone of Gayton’s text is satirical, it is fair to assume that his impassioned suggestion to cross the Thames near Stangate Stairs was not used by early modern Londoners—at least not more than the one time needed to test their boots.
In addition to providing river access for the area of Lambeth, Stangate Stairs, situated directly opposite of Westminster, saw its fair share of history. According to a
1677 account of the monarchs of Great Britain, the body of the
three-year-old Elizabeth Tudor (the second daughter of Henry VII) was conveyed from
Stangate Stairs to Westminster Abbey in 1495
as part of a mournful procession:
Thus on Thursday, the eleventh day after her decease, her Corps was conveyed with a solemn proceeding to the Stangate over against Westminster; and at the Gate at the Bridge end of Westminster, was received by the Prior and Convent of the Abbey, and conveyed into the Quire to the Herse, the Majesty Cloth, and the Vallence of black Sarcenet, fringed with red and white Roses, and the Word in Letters of Gold, Jesus est Amor mens [Jesus is my love]. (Sandford 448)
Stangate Stairs also saw happier times. One 1662 history of the
kings of Portugal describes a celebration held in honour of King John IV and Queen Luisa on the
Thames between Westminster and Lambeth on
23 September 1662:
I shall only say (which none but the absent will deny) That the oldest person alive never saw the Thames more fully, nor more Nobly covered. Amidʼst a Throng of a Thousand Boats, and more than Ten thousand joyful Subjects, Their Majesties landed at Whitehall about 7. of the Clock in the Evening, where the most Excellent Princess the Queen Mother, and the Dutchess of York, gave Her Majesty Her Welcome; which was seconded by a Tere of Artillary Planted at Stangate-Wharf over against Whitehall for that purpose; the same Night, afterwards being made an Artificial Day, by the Number of Bone-fires and Fire-works. (Sandford 135)
The name
Stangateitself probably derives from the Anglo-Saxon stan geat, meaning
stone gate.Referring to a rather common piece of architecture, it is no wonder that the stairs and wharf on the east bank of the Thames opposite Westminster were not the only holders of the name
Stangate.Northeast of London on the Blackwater River stood the Priory of Stansgate and the infamous Stangate Hole, and in York there was also a place by the name of Stangate. With so many places marked by the name, context is required to determine which of these specific locations records are referencing.
References
-
Citation
Draft Lambeth Palace Conservation Area Statement.
Lambeth Council. https://www.lambeth.gov.uk/sites/default/files/draftLambethPalaceConservationAreastatement.pdf.This item is cited in the following documents:
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Citation
Fitzherbert, Anthony. In this booke is contayned the offices of shyriffes, bayliffes of lybertyes, escheatours, constables, and coroners and shewed what euerye one of them may doe by vertue of their offices, drawen out of bookes of the common lawe and of the statutes. London: Thomas Marshe, 1579. STC 10993.9.This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Sainte-Marthe, Scévole de, and Louis de Sainte-Marthe. A Genealogical History of the Kings of Portugal. Trans. Francis Sandford. London: Printed by E.M., 1662. Wing S360.This item is cited in the following documents:
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Citation
Sandford, Francis. A Genealogical History of the Kings of England and Monarchs of Great Britain. London: Printed by Tho. Newcomb, 1677. Wing S651.This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Turberuil, Hodg. Walk knaves, walk a discourse intended to have been spoken at court and now publish’d for the satisfaction of all those that have participated of the svveetness of publike employments. London, 1659. Wing G421.This item is cited in the following documents:
Cite this page
MLA citation
Stangate Stairs.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/STAN6.htm.
Chicago citation
Stangate Stairs.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/STAN6.htm.
APA citation
The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/STAN6.htm.
2022. Stangate Stairs. In (Ed), RIS file (for RefMan, RefWorks, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Riley, Gregory ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Stangate Stairs T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/STAN6.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/STAN6.xml ER -
TEI citation
<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#RILE2"><surname>Riley</surname>, <forename>Gregory</forename></name></author>.
<title level="a">Stangate Stairs</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern
London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename>
<surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>,
<date when="2022-05-05">05 May 2022</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/STAN6.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/STAN6.htm</ref>.</bibl>
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Lucas Simpson
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Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet during the Russian Cultural Revolution. During her time at MoEML, Kate made significant contributions to the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey of London, old-spelling anthology of mayoral shows, and old-spelling library texts. She authored the MoEML’s first Project Management Manual andquickstart
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Joey Takeda
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Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.Roles played in the project
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print.
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Chase Templet
CT
Research Assistant, 2017-2019. Chase Templet was a graduate student at the University of Victoria in the Medieval and Early Modern Studies (MEMS) stream. He was specifically focused on early modern repertory studies and non-Shakespearean early modern drama, particularly the works of Thomas Middleton.Roles played in the project
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Kim McLean-Fiander
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Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Janelle Jenstad
JJ
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).Roles played in the project
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Building a Gazetteer for Early Modern London, 1550-1650.
Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody.
The Elizabethan Theatre XV. Ed. C.E. McGee and A.L. Magnusson. Toronto: P.D. Meany, 2002. 181–202. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..The City Cannot Hold You
: Social Conversion in the Goldsmith’s Shop. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.The Gouldesmythes Storehowse
: Early Evidence for Specialisation. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside.
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34 (2004): 373–403. doi:10.1215/10829636–34–2–373. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment.
Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage.
Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London.
GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?.
Janelle Jenstad Blog. https://janellejenstad.com/2013/03/20/versioning-john-stows-a-survey-of-london-or-whats-new-in-1618-and-1633/. -
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Martin D. Holmes
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Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Amy Tigner
Amy Tigner is a MoEML Pedagogical Partner. She is Associate Professor of English at the University of Texas, Arlington, and the Editor-in-Chief of Early Modern Studies Journal. She is the author of Literature and the Renaissance Garden from Elizabeth I to Charles II: England’s Paradise (Ashgate, 2012) and has published in ELR, Modern Drama, Milton Quarterly, Drama Criticism, Gastronomica and Early Theatre. Currently, she is working on two book projects: co-editing, with David Goldstein, Culinary Shakespeare, and co-authoring, with Allison Carruth, Literature and Food Studies.Roles played in the project
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Gregory Riley
GR
Student contributor enrolled in English 5308: Shakespeare and Early Modern Urban/Rural Nature at the University of Texas, Arlington in Fall 2014, working under the guest editorship of Amy Tigner.Roles played in the project
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Elizabeth Tudor
(b. 1492, d. 1495)Daughter of Henry VII. Died at three years of age. Buried at Westminster Abbey.Elizabeth Tudor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry VII
Henry This numeral is a Roman numeral. The Arabic equivalent is 7VII King of England
(b. 1457, d. 1509)Henry VII is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edmund Gayton
Member of the Cordwainers’ Company.Edmund Gayton is mentioned in the following documents:
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John IV
John This numeral is a Roman numeral. The Arabic equivalent is 4IV the Restorer King of Portugal
(b. 19 March 1604, d. in or before 6 November 1656)King of Portugal 1640-1656.John IV is mentioned in the following documents:
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Luisa de Guzmán of Spain
Luisa de Guzmán Queen consort of Portugal
(b. 31 October 1613, d. in or before 27 February 1666)Queen consort of Portugal 1640–1656. Wife of John IV.Luisa de Guzmán of Spain is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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The Thames
Perhaps more than any other geophysical feature, the Thames river has directly affected London’s growth and rise to prominence; historically, the city’s economic, political, and military importance was dependent on its riverine location. As a tidal river, connected to the North Sea, the Thames allowed for transportation to and from the outside world; and, as the longest river in England, bordering on nine counties, it linked London to the country’s interior. Indeed, without the Thames, London would not exist as one of Europe’s most influential cities. The Thames, however, is notable for its dichotomous nature: it is both a natural phenomenon and a cultural construct; it lives in geological time but has been the measure of human history; and the city was built around the river, but the river has been reshaped by the city and its inhabitants.The Thames is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Hall
Westminster Hall isthe only surviving part of the original Palace of Westminster
(Weinreb and Hibbert 1011) and is located on the west side of the Thames. It is located on the bottom left-hand corner of the Agas map, and is labelled asWeſtmynſter hall.
Originally built as an extension to Edward the Confessor’s palace in 1097, the hall served as the setting for banquets through the reigns of many kings.Westminster Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey was and continues to be a historically significant church. One of its many notable features isPoets’ Corner.
Located in the south transept of the church, it is the final resting place of Geoffrey Chaucer, Ben Jonson, Francis Beaumont, and many other notable authors; in 1740, a monument for William Shakespeare was erected in Westminster Abbey (ShaLT). The church is located on the bottom-left corner of the Agas map.Westminster Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars (Farringdon Within)
The largest and wealthiest friary in England, Blackfriars was not only a religious institution but also a cultural, intellectual, and political centre of London. The friary housed London’s Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) after their move from the smaller Blackfriars precincts in Holborn. The Dominicans’ aquisition of the site, overseen by Robert Kilwardby, began in 1275. Once completed, the precinct was second in size only to St. Paul’s Churchyard, spanning eight acres from the Fleet to St. Andrew’s Hill and from Ludgate to the Thames. Blackfriars remained a political and social hub, hosting councils and even parlimentary proceedings, until its surrender in 1538 pursuant to Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries (Holder 27–56).Blackfriars (Farringdon Within) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell
Bridewell was a prison and hospital. The site was originally a royal palace (Bridewell Palace) but was transferred to the City of London in 1553, when it was converted to function as an orphanage and house of correction. Bridewell is located on the Agas map at the corner of the Thames and Fleet Ditch, labelled asBride Well.
Bridewell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple
Middle Temple was one of the four Inns of CourtMiddle Temple is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth
Lambeth was a neighbourhood located on the southern bank of the Thames, directly opposite to Westminster (Lysons). Jeremy Boulton notes that Lambeth lay outside the Corporation of London’s jurisdiction and was instead controlled by Surrey authorities (Boulton 9). Lambeth is depicted on the Agas map, though it is partially covered by a descriptive cartouche. While the Agas map labels the area near Lambeth’s coordinates asThe lambeht,
this label appears to refer to Lambeth Palace rather than the neighbourhood as a whole. For a more detailed look at Lambeth, see Richard Blome’s 1720 map (Blome).Lambeth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth Hill
Lambeth Hill ran north-south between Knightrider Street and Thames Street. Part of it lay in Queenhithe Ward and part in Castle Baynard Ward. The Blacksmiths’ Hall was located on the west side of this street, but the precise location is unknown.Lambeth Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitehall
Whitehall Palace, the Palace of Whitehall or simply Whitehall, was one of the most complex and sizeable locations in the entirety of early modern Europe. As the primary place of residence for monarchs from 1529 to 1698, Whitehall was an architectural testament to the shifting sociopolitical, religious, and aesthetic currents of Renaissance England. Sugden describes the geospatial location of Whitehall in noting that[i]t lay on the left bank of the Thames, and extended from nearly the point where Westminster Bdge. now crosses the river to Scotland Yard, and from the river back to St. James’s Park
(Sugden 564-565).Whitehall is mentioned in the following documents:
Variant spellings
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Documents using the spelling
Stangate
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Documents using the spelling
Stangate Stairs
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Documents using the spelling
Stangate-Wharf
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Documents using the spelling
stayngate