Bread Street Ward
¶Introduction
Bread Street Ward is east of Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. The ward takes its name from its main street, Bread Street,
ſo called of bread in olde time there ſold(Stow 1603).
¶Links to Chapters in the Survey of London
-
1603 (see below for excerpt)
-
1618 (forthcoming)
¶1603 Description of Ward Boundaries
The following diplomatic transcription of the opening paragraph(s) of the 1603 chapter
on this ward will eventually be subsumed into the MoEML edition of the 1603 Survey.1 Each ward chapter opens with a narrative circumnavigation of the ward—a verbal
beating of the boundsthat MoEML first transcribed in 2004 and later used to facilitate the drawing of approximate ward boundaries on our edition of the Agas map. Source: John Stow, A Survey of London (London, 1603; STC #23343).
BRedſtreete ward beginneth in the
high ſtreete of weſt Cheape, to wit,
on the ſouth ſide, from the Standard
to the great Croſſe. Then is alſo a part of Watheling ſtreete of this warde, to wit, from ouer
againſt the Red Lion on the North ſide vp almoſt to Powles gate, for it lacketh but one houſe of S.
Auguſtines church. And on the ſouth ſide from the red Lion gate to the Old Exchange, and downe the ſame
Exchange on the Eaſt ſide, by the weſt end of Mayden lane, or Diſtar lane, to Knightriders
ſtreete, or as they call that part thereof, Old Fiſhſtreet. And all the north ſide of the ſaid
old Fiſhſtreete, to the South
ende of Bredſtreete, and by that
ſtill in Knightriders ſtreete, till
ouer againſt the Trinitie Church, and Trinitie lane. Then is Bredſtréet it ſelfe, ſo called of bread in olde time there ſold:
for it appeareth by recordes, that in the yeare 1302. which was the 30. of E.
firſt, the Bakers of London were bounden to ſell no bread in their
ſhops or houſes, but in the market, and that they ſhould haue 4. Hall motes
in the yeare, at foure ſeuerall terms, to determine of enormities belonging
to the ſaid Company.
This ſtreete giuing the name to the whole warde, beginneth in weſt Chepe, almoſt by the Standarde, and runneth downe ſouth, through or
thwart Watheling ſtreet, to Knightriders ſtréet aforeſaide where
it endeth. This Bredſtreet is wholy
on both ſides of this warde. Out of the which ſtreet on the Eaſt ſide is
Baſing lane, a peece whereof to wit, too and ouer againſt the backe gate of
the Red Lion in Watheling ſtreete,
is of this Bredſtreete ward.
Then is Fryday ſtreete beginning
alſo in weſt Cheape, and runneth
downe South through Watheling ſtreet
to Knightrider ſtreete, or olde Fiſhſtreet. This Friday ſtreete is of Bredſtreet ward, on the eaſt ſide
from ouer againſt the northeaſt corner of S. Mathewes church, and on the
weſt ſide from the ſouth corner of the ſaid church, down as aforeſaid.
In this Fryday ſtreete on the weſt
ſide thereof is a Lane, commonly called Mayden Lane, or Diſtaffe lane, corruptly for Diſtar
lane, which runneth weſt into the old Exchange: and in this lane is alſo one other lane, on the
ſouth ſide thereof, likewiſe called Diſtar
lane, which runneth downe to Knightriders ſtréet, or olde
Fiſhſtreete: and ſo be the boundes of this whole ward.
¶Note on Ward boundaries on Agas Map
Ward boundaries drawn on the Agas map are approximate. The Agas map does not lend
itself well to georeferencing or georectification, which means that we have not been
able to import the raster-based or vector-based shapes that have been generously offered
to us by other projects. We have therefore used our drawing tools to draw polygons
on the map surface that follow the lines traced verbally in the opening paragraph(s)
of each ward chapter in the Survey. Read more about the cartographic genres of the Agas map.
Notes
References
-
Citation
Stow, John. A suruay of London· Conteyning the originall, antiquity, increase, moderne estate, and description of that city, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow citizen of London. Since by the same author increased, with diuers rare notes of antiquity, and published in the yeare, 1603. Also an apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that citie, the greatnesse thereof. VVith an appendix, contayning in Latine Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. London: John Windet, 1603. STC 23343. U of Illinois (Urbana-Champaign Campus) copy.This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. Remediated by British History Online. [Kingsford edition, courtesy of The Centre for Metropolitan History. Articles written after 2011 cite from this searchable transcription.]This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. See also the digital transcription of this edition at British History Online.This item is cited in the following documents:
Cite this page
MLA citation
Bread Street Ward.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BREA3.htm.
Chicago citation
Bread Street Ward.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BREA3.htm.
APA citation
The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/BREA3.htm.
2022. Bread Street Ward. In (Ed), RIS file (for RefMan, RefWorks, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Zabel, Jamie ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Bread Street Ward T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BREA3.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/BREA3.xml ER -
TEI citation
<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#ZABE1"><surname>Zabel</surname>, <forename>Jamie</forename></name></author>.
<title level="a">Bread Street Ward</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern
London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename>
<surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>,
<date when="2022-05-05">05 May 2022</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BREA3.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/BREA3.htm</ref>.</bibl>
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Jamie Zabel
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Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
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Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145. -
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The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody.
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Jenstad, Janelle.
Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..The City Cannot Hold You
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The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.The Gouldesmythes Storehowse
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Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside.
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Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment.
Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print. -
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Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage.
Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print. -
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Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London.
GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print. -
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Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?.
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Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Martin D. Holmes
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Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Edward I
Edward This numeral is a Roman numeral. The Arabic equivalent is 1I King of England Longshanks Hammer of the Scots
(b. between 17 June 1239 and 18 June 1239, d. in or before 27 October 1307)Edward I is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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Castle Baynard Ward
Castle Baynard Ward is west of Queenhithe Ward and Bread Street Ward. The ward is named after Baynard’s Castle, one of its main ornaments.Castle Baynard Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Within Ward
Farringdon Within Ward shares parts of its eastern and southern borders with the western and northern boundaries of Castle Baynard Ward. This ward is calledWithin
orInfra
to differentiate it from Farringdon Without Ward and both wards take the name of William Faringdon, principle owner of Farringdon Ward, the greater ward that was separated into Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward in the 17 of Richard II.Farringdon Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street
Bread Street ran north-south from the Standard (Cheapside) to Knightrider Street, crossing Watling Street. It lay wholly in the ward of Bread Street, to which it gave its name.Bread Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Market
In the middle ages, Westcheap was the main market west of Walbrook, so called to distinguish it from Eastcheap, the market in the east. By Stow’s time, the term Westcheap had fallen out of use in place of Cheapside Market. Stow himself, however, continued to use the term to distinguish the western end of Cheapside Street.Cheapside Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Standard (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross)
Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross), pictured but not labelled on the Agas map, stood on Cheapside Street between Friday Street and Wood Street. St. Peter, Westcheap lay to its west, on the north side of Cheapside Street. The prestigious shops of Goldsmiths’ Row were located to the east of the Cross, on the south side of Cheapside Street. The Standard in Cheapside (also known as the Cheap Standard), a square pillar/conduit that was also a ceremonial site, lay further to the east (Brissenden xi).Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watling Street
Watling Street ran east-west between St. Sythes Lane in Cordwainer Street Ward and Old Change in Bread Street Ward. It is visible on the Agas map under the labelWatlinge ſtreat.
Stow records that the street is also commonly known asNoble Street
(Stow 1598, sig. O4v). This should not lead to confusion with Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward. There is an etymological explanation for this crossover of names. According to Ekwall, the nameWatling
ultimately derives from an Old English word meaningking’s son
(Ekwall 81-82). Watling Street remains distinct from the Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward.Watling Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine’s Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine (Watling Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Change is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Distaff Street
Great Distaff Street ran east-west from Friday Street to Old Change and was located in Bread Street Ward. The main structure of note along the street was Cordwainers’ Hall. It was also known asMayden lane
and is labelledMaidenhed lane
on the Agas map (Stow 1633, sig. 2L6r). According to Stow, the nameDistaff
was a corruption ofDistar Lane
but Harben and others have found this to be an error as the earliest form wasDistaue, not Distar
(Stow 1633, sig. 2L6r; Harben). Great Distaff Street is not to be confused with Distaff Lane, the lane which ran south out of Great Distaff Street toward Knightrider Street.Great Distaff Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Knightrider Street
Knightrider Street ran east-west from Dowgate Street to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons.Knightrider Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Priory
Holy Trinity Priory, located west of Aldgate and north of Leadenhall Street, was an Augustinian Priory. Stow notes that Queen Matilda established the Priory in 1108in the parishes of Saint Marie Magdalen, S. Michael, S. Katherine, and the blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the holy Trinitie
(Stow). Before Matilda united these parishes under the name Holy Trinity Priory, they were collectively known as the Holy Cross or Holy Roode parish (Stow; Harben).Holy Trinity Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trinity Lane
Trinity Lane ran north-south between Old Fish Street (Knightrider Street) and Thames Street, between Garlick Hill and Huggin Lane, entirely in the ward of Queenhithe. On the Agas map, it is labelledTrinitie lane.
Trinity Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basing Lane
Basing Lane, also known as theBakehouse,
ran west from Bow Lane to Bread Street (Stow 1633, sig. 2L5r). The part from Bow Lane to the back door of the Red Lion (in Watling Street) lay in Cordwainer Street Ward, and the rest in Breadstreet Ward. Stow did not know the derivation of the street’s name, but suggested it had been called the Bakehouse in the fourteenth century,whether ment for the Kings bakehouse, or of bakers dwelling there, and baking bread to serue the market in Bredstreete, where the bread was sold, I know not
(Stow).Basing Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Friday Street
Friday Street passed south through Bread Street Ward, beginning at the cross in Cheapside Street and ending at Old Fish Street. It was one of many streets that ran into Cheapside Street market whose name is believed to originate from the goods that were sold there.Friday Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Matthew (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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PLACEHOLDER LOCATION
PLACEHOLDER LOCATION ITEM. The purpose of this item is to allow encoders to link to a location item when they cannot add a new location file for some reason. MoEML may still be seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please contact the MoEML team.PLACEHOLDER LOCATION is mentioned in the following documents:
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Distaff Lane
Distaff Lane was in Bread Street Ward. It is not to be confused with Great Distaff Street, the street which crossed the northernmost end of Distaff Lane. There is some discrepancy in the exact length of Distaff Lane between the Agas Map and the information in Survey of London. On the Agas Map, Distaff Lane (labelledDiſtaf la.
) appears to run south off Great Distaff Street, labelledMaidenhed lane,
terminating before it reaches Knightrider Street. Stow tells us, in his delineation of the bounds of Bread Street Ward, that Distaff Lanerunneth downe to Knightriders street, or olde Fishstreete
(Stow 1:345). Our map truncates Distaff Lane before Knightrider Street.Distaff Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
Organizations
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Bakers’ Company
Worshipful Company of Bakers
The Bakers’ Company was one of the lesser livery companies of London. The Worshipful Company of Bakers is still active and maintains a website at https://www.bakers.co.uk/ that includes a history of the company.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
Variant spellings
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Documents using the spelling
Bread Street ward
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Bread Street Ward
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Breadſtreet
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BREADSTREET VVARD
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Breadſtreet Ward
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BReadſtreet ward
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Breadstreet Ward
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Breadſtreet ward
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Breadſtreete VVard
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Breadſtreete Ward
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Breadstreete Ward
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Breadſtréete warde
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Breadſtréete Warde
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Bredeſtreete Warde
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Bredſtreet ward
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BRedſtreete ward
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Bredſtreete ward
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Bredſtreete warde
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Bredſtreete Warde
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Bredſtréet warde
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Bredſtréet Warde
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Bredſtréete ward
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BRedſtréete Ward
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Bredſtréete Warde
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redſtreete
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ward of Bread Street
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Documents using the spelling
Ward of Bread Street
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Documents using the spelling
ward of Bredſtreete