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_____. I Like British Columbia. Toronto: Macmillan, 1938.
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_____. The Incredible Canadian, A Candid Portrait of Mackenzie King: His Works, His Times, and His Nation. Toronto: Longmans, Green, 1952.
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_____. The Washington Conference and After. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1928.
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_____. The Canadian Japanese and World War II. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1948.
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_____. Land of the Second Chance: A History of Ethnic Groups in Southern Alberta. Lethbridge: Lethbridge Herald, 1971.
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_____. The Immigrant Press and its Control. New York: Harper, 1922.
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_____. Japan Reaches Out. Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1938.
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Articles and Pamphlets
Adilman, S. “Putting Out the Unwelcome Mat”, Toronto Life, March, 1970.
Angus, Henry Forbes. “A Contribution to International Ill-Will”, Dalhousie Review, 13 (April, 1933).
_____. “Underprivileged Canadians”, Queen’s Quarterly, 38 (July 1931).
_____. “Liberalism Stoops to Conquer”, Canadian Forum, 15 (December, 1935).
_____. “Asiatics in Canada”, Pacific Affairs, 19 (December, 1946).
_____. “Effect of the War on Oriental Minorities in Canada”, Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 7 (November, 1941).
_____. “Legal Discrimination on Racial Grounds in B.C.”, Pacific Affairs, 22 (September, 1949).
Asiatic Exclusion League of Canada. Asiatic Exclusion League of Canada, Formed to Keep This Dominion for the White Man, by Stopping Any Further Oriental Immigration. Vancouver: The League, 1921.
Atkinson, L. McL. “Japanese Controversy is Reviving Liberalism”, Saturday Night, 59 (July 15, 1944).
Babcock, Charlotte G. “Reflections on Dependency Phenomenon as Seen in Nisei in the U.S.”, in R.J. Smith and R.K. Beardsley, eds., Japanese Culture: Its Development and Characteristics. Chicago: Aldine, 1962.
Belliveau, J.E. “Exiles Who Made Good”, Star Weekly, December 24, 1955.
Berton, Pierre. “They’re Only Japs”, Maclean’s, 61 (February, 1948).
_____. “Marie Went Back to Dark Ages”, Maclean’s, 64 (July, 1951).
Beytagh, L.M. “B.C.’s Racial Problem”, Maclean’s, 43 (June, 1930).
Black, Norman F. A Challenge to Patriotism and Statesmanship. Toronto: Christian Social Council of Canada, 1944.
Boggs, Theodore, H. “The Oriental on the Pacific Coast”, Queen’s Quarterly, 32 (February, 1926).
Brebner, J. Bartlett. “Canada, the Anglo-Japanese Alliance, and the Washington Conference”, Political Science Quarterly, 50 (March, 1935).
Broadfoot, Barry. “Out With the Japs”, in his Six War Years 1939-1945: Memories of Canadians at Home and Abroad. Toronto: Doubleday, 1974.
Breslin, Catharine. “Not Wanted”, Weekend Magazine, November 26, 1964.
Broom, Leonard, and John S. Kitsuse. “The Validation of Acculturation: A Condition to Ethnic Assimilation”, American Anthropologist, 57 (February, 1955).
Buell, R.L. Japanese Immigration, n.p., World Peace Foundation, 1924.
Caudhill, William, and George De Vos. “Achievement, Culture and Personality: The Case of the Japanese Americans”, American Anthropologist, 58 (December, 1956).
Chappell, Constance. What Is the Truth About the Japanese Canadians? Toronto: United Church of Canada, 1943.
Co-operative Committee on Japanese-Canadians. Our Japanese Canadians: Citizens Not Exiles. Toronto, n. pub., April, 1946.
Crawford, Lawrence. “Nipponia – a Home for Aged Japanese Canadians”, Ontario Housing, 9 (June, 1963).
Davies, Arthur. Exclusia: A Dream Containing Phantasy With an Epilogue Containing Fact. Victoria: Hibben, 1907.
Davis, Morris, and Joseph F. Krauter. “The Chinese and Japanese”, in their The Other Canadians: Profiles of Six Minorities. Toronto: Methuen, 1971.
Derschowitz, Alan. “Could It Happen Here?”, in I. Howe and M. Harrington, eds., The Seventies: Problems and Proposals. New York: Harper and Row, 1972.
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DuBois, Macy. “Japanese Canadian Cultural Centre: An Appraisal”, The Canadian Architect, March, 1964.
Evenden, L.J., and I.D. Anderson. “The Presence of a Past Community: Tashme, B.C.”, in J.V. Minghi, ed., Peoples of the Living Land: Geography of Cultural Diversity in British Columbia. Vancouver: Tantalus, 1972.
Fisher, Galen M. “Japanese Evacuation from the Pacific Coast”, Far Eastern Survey, 11 (June, 1941).
Fowke, Edith. They Made Democracy Work: The Story of the Co-operative Committee on Japanese Canadians. Toronto: Garden City, n.d.
_____. “Japanese Canadians”, Canadian Forum, 25 (January, 1946).
Fowke, Edith, and A.G. Watson. Democracy and the Japanese Canadians. Toronto: Fellowship of Reconciliation, 1945.
Freeman, H.A. “Genesis, Exodus and Leviticus: Genealogy, Evacuation and Law”, Cornell Law Quarterly, 28 (1943).
Galbraith, John S. “Imperial Conference of 1921 and the Washington Conference”, Canadian Historical Review, 29 (June, 1948).
Gardner, Ray. “The Day We Banished 20,000 Canadians”, Star Weekly, December 9, 1941.
Gosnell, H.F. “Symbols of National Solidarity”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 223 (September, 1942).
Grant, Charles. Home Again. Toronto: n. pub., 1949.
Green, Howard. “Should We Send the Japs Back? Yes”, Maclean’s, 56 (December, 1943).
Hayakawa, S.I. “The Japanese-Canadian: An Experiment in Citizenship”, Dalhousie Review (April, 1936).
Hope, C.E. “B.C.’s Racial Problem”, Maclean’s, 43 (February, 1930).
Hope, C.E., and W.K. Earle. “The Oriental Threat”, Maclean’s, 46 (May, 1933).
Hurd, W. Burton. Racial Origin and Nativity of the Canadian People. Census Monograph no. 4, Ottawa, 1937.
_____. “The Relation of Origins of Immigrants to Settlement of the Country”, Canadian Political Science Association Papers and Proceedings of Annual Meeting, 2 (May, 1931).
Hyman, Ralph. “Out of Adversity: The Long Journey of a Minority”, The Globe Magazine, February 6, 1960.
Ireland, Ralph U. “Some Effects of Oriental Immigration on Canadian Trade Union Ideology”, American Journal of Economic and Social Affairs, 19 (January, 1960).
Jamieson, Laura E. “Where White and Brown Men Meet”, Canadian Forum, 21 (August, 1941).
Jamieson, Stuart, and Percy H. Gladstone. “Unionism in the Fishing Industry of B.C.”, Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 16 (February, 1950).
Kawakami, Kiyoshi. “The Japanese in Canada”, in his Asia at the Door: A Study of the Japanese Question in the Continental U.S., Hawaii and Canada. New York: Revell, 1914.
Kung, S.W. “Chinese Immigration into North America”, Queen’s Quarterly, 58 (Winter, 1962).
LaViolette, Forrest E. “The Canadian Japanese”, Far Eastern Survey, 17 (April, 1948).
_____. The Japanese Canadians. Toronto: Institute of International Affairs, 1946.
_____. “Japanese Evacuation in Canada”, Far Eastern Survey, 11 (July, 1942).
_____. “Social Psychological Characteristics of Evacuated Japanese”, Canadian Journal of Economics and Political Science, 11 (August, 1945).
_____. “Two Years of Japanese Evacuation in Canada”, Far Eastern Survey, 13 (May, 1944).
Lower, A.R.M. “Loring Christie and the Genesis of the Washington Conference of 1921-1922”, Canadian Historical Review, 47 (March, 1966).
Lyman, Stanford M. “Contrasts in the Community Organization of Chinese and Japanese in North America”, Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology, 6 (May, 1968).
_____. “Japanese-American Generation Gap”, Society, 10 (January-February, 1973).
McFadden, Isobel. Kosaburo Shimizu: The Man Who Knew the Difference. Toronto: United Church of Canada, 1965.
McGillicuddy, O.E. “Canada Moves to Restrict Oriental Immigration”, American Review of Reviews, 66 (July, 1922).
MacInnes, Thomas R.E. Oriental Occupation of B.C. Vancouver: Sun Publishing Co., 1927.
MacInnis, Angus. “Should We Send the Japs Back? No.”, Maclean’s, 56 (December, 1943).
MacInnis, Grace, and Angus MacInnis. Oriental Canadians: Outcasts or Citizens? Vancouver: Federationist Publishing Co., 1943.
MacInnis, Grace. “Wanted: a Country”, Canadian Forum, 22 (June, 1942).
McWilliams, Carey. “Dual Citizenship”, Far Eastern Survey, 11 (November, 1942).
Martin, David. “The Rising Sun Over Canada”, Asia and the Americas, 41 (April, 1941).
Marx, Herbert. “The Emergency Power and Civil Liberties in Canada”, McGill Law Journal, 16 (1970).
Maykovich, Minako. “Ethnic Variation in Success Value”, in Robert M. Pike and Elia Zureik, eds., Socialization and Values in Canadian Society, vol. 2. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1975.
Moritsugu, Frank A. “The Evacuation”, in The Canadians at War 1939/45, vol. 1. Montreal: Reader’s Digest, 1969.
_____. “Why the Japanese are Against Moving East”, Saturday Night, 62 (November, 1946).
Morse, E.W. “Some Aspects of the Komagata Maru Affair 1914”, Canadian Historical Association Annual Report (1936).
Morton, W.L. “Canada’s Far Eastern Policy”, Pacific Affairs, 19 (September, 1946).
Myers, K. “Problem of the Pacific”, Spectator, 106 (April, 1911).
Neill, A.W., and W.H.H. Norman. “Should Japanese-Canadians Be Sent Back to Japan?”, British Columbia Digest, 1 (December, 1945),
Nelson, J. “Shall We Bar the Yellow Race?”, Maclean’s, 35 (May, 1922).
Norman, Howard. What About the Japanese Canadians? Vancouver Consultative Council, n.d.
O’Brien, Robert W. “Evacuation of Japanese From the Pacific Coast, Canadian and American Contrasts”, State College of Washington Research Studies, 14 (1946).
O’Brien, Robert W., and N. Thomas. “Fate of the Japanese in North America and Hawaii”, Pacific Affairs, 16 (March, 1943).
Patton, Janice. The Exodus of the Japanese. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1973.
Pelzer, Karl J. “Japanese Migration and Colonization”, in I. Bowan, ed., Limits of Land Settlement. New York: Council on Foreign Relations, 1937.
Petersen, William. “Success Story, Japanese-American Style”, in M. Kurokawa, ed., Minority Responses: Comparative Views of Reactions to Subordination. New York: Random House, 1970.
Population Problems Research Council. Influences of Emigrants on Their Home Village: Report of a Survey of America-Mura. Tokyo: Mainichi, 1953.
Rasky, Frank. “Oriental Canadians: Quills on a Fretful Porcupine”, Liberty, December, 1958.
Reconciliation. Toronto: Fellowship of Reconciliation, 1944.
Reid, Escott. “The Conscience of the Diplomat: A Personal Testament”, Queen’s Quarterly, 74 (Winter, 1967).
Reid, Robie L. “The Inside Story of the ‘Komagata Maru’”, B.C. Historical Quarterly, 5 (January, 1941).
Ricard, T.A. “The Use of Iron and Copper by the Indians of British Columbia”, B.C. Historical Quarterly, 3 (January, 1939).
Ross, R.H., and E.H. Bogardus. “Four Types of Nisei Marriage Patterns”, Sociology and Social Research, 25 (1940).
Rostow, E.W. “Our Worst Wartime Mistake”, Harper’s, 191 (September, 1945).
_____. “The Japanese American Cases – a Disaster”, Yale Law Journal, 54 (1954).
Ryder, David Warren. “The Japanese Bugaboo”, The Annals, 93 (January, 1921).
Sagi, Douglas. “No Anger – Not Anymore”, Canadian Magazine, November 27, 1971.
Sandwell, B.K. “Deportation Orders Can Involve Big Constitutional Problems”, Saturday Night, 61 (March, 1946).
_____. “Dubious Future for Japanese Children Who Get Deported”, Saturday Night, 61 (June, 1946).
Sanders, Douglas E. “The Hutterites: a Case Study in Minority Rights”, Canadian Bar Review, 42 (May, 1964).
Scott, F.R. The Canadian Constitution and Human Rights. Toronto: Hunter Rose, 1959.
Scott, Jack. “Why B.C. Draws the Colour Line”, Maclean’s, 61 (February, 1948).
Shaw, C.L. “Canada’s Oriental Problem”, Canadian Magazine, October, 1924.
_____. “The Rising Sun’s Dark Shadow Over Canada”, Liberty, November, 1939.
Smith, Gaddis. “Canadian External Affairs During World War I”, in his The Growth of Canadian Policies in External Affairs. Durham, N.C.: Duke University Press, 1960.
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Woolacott, Arthur P. “Canadian-born Orientals”, Canadian Forum, 11 (November, 1930).
Yamaga, Yasutaro. “A Japanese Speaks”, Maclean’s, 43 (June, 1930).
Yonemura, Hozumi. “Japanese Fishermen in B.C. and British Fair Play”, Canadian Forum, 10 (July, 1930).
Unpublished Sources
Adachi, Ken. A History of the Japanese Canadians in British Columbia, 1877-1958. Toronto, 1958.
Belanger, Peter Webster. Problems and Prospects of Increased Japanese Emigration to Canada: A Case Study of the Attitudes of a Selected Sample of Japanese Canadians to Immigration from Japan. M.A. Thesis, International Affairs, Carleton University, 1967.
Borden Papers. Public Archives of Canada.
Canadian Japanese Association. A Short Statement of the Position and Facts Regarding the Japanese in Canada. Vancouver, 1921.
Canadian Japanese Association. A Few Facts About Japanese Schools in Canada. Vancouver, 1927.
Canadian Japanese Association. Report of the Survey of the Second Generation Japanese in B.C. Vancouver, 1935.
Canadian Japanese Association. The Japanese Contribution to Canada: A Summary of the Role Played by the Japanese in the Development of the Canadian Commonwealth. Vancouver, 1940.
Canadian Japanese Association. Sino-Japanese Conflict Elucidated. Vancouver, 1937.
Gladstone, Percy Henry. Industrial Disputes in the Commercial Fisheries of B.C. M.A. Thesis, Economics and Political Science, University of British Columbia, 1959.
Consulate-General of Japan. Facts About Japanese in Canada. Ottawa, 1922.
Cottingham, Mollie E. “The Japanese Relocation Settlements”, in her History of the West Kootenay District in British Columbia. M.A. Thesis, History, University of British Columbia, 1947.
Grey of Howick Papers. Public Archives of Canada.
Henry, Franklin J. Perception of Discrimination Among Negroes and Japanese Canadians in Hamilton. Department of Sociology, McMaster University, 1965.
Krauter, Joseph Francis. Civil Liberties and the Canadian Minorities. Ph.D. Thesis, Political Science, University of Illinois, 1968.
McBride Papers. Public Archives of British Columbia.
MacGill, Helen Gregory. The Oriental Delinquent in the Vancouver Juvenile Court. Vancouver, 1936.
Mitsui, Tadashi. The Ministry of the United Church of Canada Among Japanese Canadians in British Columbia. M.A. Thesis, Theology, Union College of B.C., 1967.
Nakashima, Kimiaki. Economic Aspects of the Evacuation of the Japanese from the Canadian Pacific Coast. M.A. Thesis, Economics, McGill University, 1946.
Neary, Peter. The Japanese Immigration Question and Anglo-American-Canadian Relations 1907-1908. University of London, Institute of Commonwealth Studies, 1964.
National Japanese Canadian Citizens Association. To the Hon. Walter E. Harris, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, in the Matter of Certain Restrictive Measures Affecting the Re-Entry and Immigration to Canada of Persons of Japanese Ancestry. June, 1951.
National Japanese Canadian Citizens Association. To the Hon. Ellen L. Fairclough, Minister of Citizenship and Immigration, in the Matter of Certain Cases of Relatives of Japanese Canadians Prevented from Reunion. July, 1960.
National Japanese Canadian Citizens Association. Submission to the Royal Commission on Japanese Canadian Property. November 12, 1948.
National Japanese Canadian Citizens Association. Submission to the Prime Minister and Members of the Government in the Matter of Japanese Canadian Economic Losses Arising from the Evacuation. September 22, 1950.
National Japanese Canadian Citizens Association. Japanese Canadian Evacuation Economic Losses and Claims, 1946-1948.
Norris, T.G. In the Matter of the Dominion Franchise Act 1934 and the Dominion Elections Act 1934 and in the Matter of the Disqualification of Certain Persons in the Province of B.C. from Being Registered and Voting under the Said Acts, May 12, 1936.
Olyan, Sidney. Democracy in Action: A Study of the Co-operative Committee on Japanese Canadians. M.A. Thesis, Sociology, University of Toronto, 1951.
Sumida, Rigenda. The Japanese in British Columbia. M.A. Thesis, Economics, University of British Columbia, 1935.
Thurlow, Setsuko. Cultural Influence Upon Decision-Making in Two Japanese-Canadian Groups. M.A. Thesis, Sociology, University of Toronto, 1960.
Ujimoto, K. Victor. Post-War Japanese Immigrants in Canada: Job Transferability, Work and Social Participation. M.A. Thesis, Anthropology and Sociology, University of British Columbia, 1972.
Wangenheim, E.D. The Social Organization of the Japanese Community in Toronto – A Product of Crisis. M.A. Thesis, Political Economy, University of Toronto, 1956.
Yamaga, Yasutaro. My Footsteps in British Columbia.
Yamaga, Yasutaro. The History of Japanese Farming in B.C., 1906-1941.
Public Documents
Borden, Robert L. The Question of Oriental Immigration: speeches (in part) delivered in 1907 and 1908. N.p., n. pub., n.d.
British Columbia. Documents Relating to the Recent Disallowance of Certain Statutes Passed by the Legislature of British Columbia. Ottawa, 1899.
_____. Legislative Assembly. Journals.
_____. Legislative Assembly. Report on Oriental Activities Within the Province. Victoria, 1927.
_____. Legislative Assembly. Sessional Papers.
Canada. British Columbia Security Commission. Report of the Removal of Japanese from Protected Areas. Vancouver, 1942.
_____. Department of External Affairs. Documents on Canadian External Relations. Ottawa: Queen’s Printer, 1967.
_____. Department of Justice. Proceedings, Inquiry into the Claims of Persons of the Japanese Race Regarding the Management and Sale of their Property by the Custodian, December 3, 1947.
_____. Department of Justice. Recommendations for Payments of Awards to Persons of the Japanese Race Whose Claims were Considered by the Hon. Justice Henry I. Bird under the Provisions of Order-in-Council P.C. 3737, September 17, 1947. Ottawa, April 3, 1950.
Department of Justice. Report of His Honour Judge J.C.A. Cameron, Re Japanese Inquiry at Vancouver, B.C., 1942. Ottawa, December 19, 1942.
_____. Department of Justice. Bird, Henry I. Report upon the Investigation into Claims of Persons of the Japanese Race Pursuant to Terms of the Order-in-Council P.C. 1810 July 18, 1947, as amended. Ottawa, April 6, 1950.
_____. Department of Labour. Report on the Administration of Japanese Affairs in Canada, 1942-1944. Ottawa, 1944.
_____. Department of Labour. Report on the Re-Establishment of Japanese in Canada, 1944-1946. Ottawa, 1947.
_____. Department of Labour. Report of the Royal Commission Appointed Pursuant to Order-in-Council, P.C. No. 9498, to Enquire into the Provisions Made for the Welfare and Maintenance of Persons of the Japanese Race Resident in Settlements in the Province of British Columbia. Ottawa, 1944.
_____. Department of Manpower and Immigration. Canadian Immigration and Population Study. 4 vols. Ottawa, 1974.
_____. Department of Marine and Fisheries. British Columbia Fisheries Commission, Report and Recommendations. Ottawa, 1923.
_____. Department of Marine and Fisheries. Select Standing Committee on Marine and Fisheries. Minutes of the Meeting. Ottawa, April 29, 1926.
_____. Exchequer Court. Reasons for the Judgement, Between Eikichi Nakashima, Tadao Wakabayashi, Jitaro Tanaka and Takejiro Tanaka and His Majesty the King. Ottawa, 1947.
_____. House of Commons. Board of Review (Immigration) Report, October 12, 1938. Ottawa, 1939.
_____. House of Commons. Debates (Hansard).
_____. House of Commons. Sessional Papers.
_____. House of Commons. Special Committee on Elections and Franchise Acts. Minutes of Proceedings and Evidence. May 22, 1936; March 11, 16, 1937. Ottawa, 1936, 1937.
_____. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Public Accounts. Minutes of Proceedings and Evidence. Ottawa, 1947.
_____. King, W.L. Mackenzie. Report on the Losses Sustained by the Japanese Population in Vancouver, B.C., on the Occasion of the Riots in that City in September, 1907. Ottawa, 1908.
_____. King, W.L. Mackenzie. Report on Mission to England to Confer with the British Authorities on the Subject of Immigration to Canada from the Orient and Immigration from India in Particular. Ottawa, 1908.
_____. King, W.L. Mackenzie. Report of the Royal Commission into Methods by which Oriental Labourers Have Been Induced to Come to Canada. Ottawa, 1908.
_____. Privy Council. On Appeal from the Supreme Court of Canada in the Matter of a Reference as to the Validity of Orders in Council of the 15th Day of December, 1945 (P.C. 7335, 7356, 7357) in Relation to Persons of the Japanese Race. Ottawa, 1946.
_____. Privy Council. Proclamation and Orders in Council. 9 vols.
_____. Report of the Royal Commission on Chinese and Japanese Immigration. Ottawa, 1902.
_____. Royal Commission on Bilingualism and Biculturalism. Book IV, The Cultural Contribution of the Other Ethnic Groups. Ottawa, 1970.
_____. Senate. Proceedings of the Special Committee on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, May 10, 1950. Ottawa, 1950.
_____. Special Committee on Orientals in British Columbia. Report and Recommendations, December, 1940. Ottawa, 1941.
_____. Supreme Court of Canada. Factum of the Co-operative Committee on Japanese Canadians, in the Matter of a Reference as to the Validity of Orders-in-Council of the 15th Day of December 1945 (P.C. 7355, 7356, 7357) in Relation to Persons of the Japanese Race. Toronto: Sovereign Press, 1946.
_____. Supreme Court of Canada. Factum of the Attorney General of Canada in the Matter of a Reference to the Validity of Orders in Council of the 15th Day of December, 1945 (P.C. 7355, 7356, 7357) in Relation to Persons of the Japanese Race. Ottawa, 1946.
Ross, P.S., and Sons. Report on Examination of the Custodian’s Office. Vancouver, October 20, 1943.
U.S. Congress. Senate. Reports of the Immigration Commission, Immigrants in Industry, Japanese and Other Immigrant Races in the Pacific Coast and Rocky Mountain States. 61st Congress, 2nd Session, S. Doc, 85, Part I. Washington, 1911.
U.S. Army. Western Defense Command and Fourth Army. Final Report, Japanese Evacuation from the West Coast, 1942. Washington: Government Printing Office, 1943.
Newspapers
No attempt can be made to list the many newspapers consulted. Specific references to them are given in the notes. It should be mentioned, however, that The New Canadian is really indispensable to a comprehensive inside look at the period from 1939 to 1953.