Colonial Despatches
The colonial despatches of Vancouver Island and British Columbia 1846-1871
Despatch to London
Birch, Arthur Nonus to Cardwell, Edward 3 March 1866, CO 60:24, no. 4650, 95.
Abstract
Birch, Arthur Nonus to Cardwell, Edward 3 March 1866, CO 60:24, no. 4650, 95.
Despatch to London.
Minutes (7), Enclosures (untranscribed) (1), Other documents (1), Marginalia (3).
No. 17
3rd March 1866
Sir,
I have had the honor to receive Your despatch No. 89 of
the 11th November 1865, forwarding Copies of Letters from
the Board of Trade and the Lords Commissioners of HerMajesty's
Majesty's
Treasury on the subject of the Customs Ordinance passed by the
Legislature of this Colony during the Session of 1865. You
inform me you cannot recommend the Ordinance to Her Majesty
for confirmation as it is contrary to precedent and unadvisable
in principle.
Majesty's
Treasury on the subject of the Customs Ordinance passed by the
Legislature of this Colony during the Session of 1865. You
inform me you cannot recommend the Ordinance to Her Majesty
for confirmation as it is contrary to precedent and unadvisable
in principle.
2. The work of the present Session is so far advanced that
it is my intention toprorogue
prorogue the Legislative Council in a few
days. To attempt to alter the Customs Law without due and
sufficient notice would, I am informed by the Collector of Customs
be a serious disaster to commercial interests and would bring
Bankruptcy on the few merchants now resident in this Colony, as
all their arrangements have been made for the summer supplies
under the existing Tariff. I thereforepropose
propose to leave the
Ordinance in force until I have received instructions on the
several points I wish to bring before you and if Her Majesty's
Government are still of opinion that the principle of the
enactment is undesirable I shall then have sufficient time to
give due Notice of the alterations to be made.
prorogue the Legislative Council in a few
days. To attempt to alter the Customs Law without due and
sufficient notice would, I am informed by the Collector of Customs
be a serious disaster to commercial interests and would bring
Bankruptcy on the few merchants now resident in this Colony, as
all their arrangements have been made for the summer supplies
under the existing Tariff. I thereforepropose
propose to leave the
Ordinance in force until I have received instructions on the
several points I wish to bring before you and if Her Majesty's
Government are still of opinion that the principle of the
enactment is undesirable I shall then have sufficient time to
give due Notice of the alterations to be made.
3. The Lords Commissoners of the Treasury statethat
that the
valuation of Articles subject to ad valorem duties, being reckoned
according to their value at the place of shipment, is so far as
their Lordships are aware without precedent in the Customs Laws
of British Possessions. To tell the inhabitants of this Colony,
where the Canadians form so considerable an element in our settled
population, that Her Majesty's Government cannot allow the
Ordinance to continuein
in force on this ground would be at once
met by a reference to the Customs Law of Canada from which the
principle of the present Ordinance was taken [marginal note:
Consolidated Statute, Canada, 22 Vic. Cap: 17, Sec. 24].
that the
valuation of Articles subject to ad valorem duties, being reckoned
according to their value at the place of shipment, is so far as
their Lordships are aware without precedent in the Customs Laws
of British Possessions. To tell the inhabitants of this Colony,
where the Canadians form so considerable an element in our settled
population, that Her Majesty's Government cannot allow the
Ordinance to continuein
in force on this ground would be at once
met by a reference to the Customs Law of Canada from which the
principle of the present Ordinance was taken [marginal note:
Consolidated Statute, Canada, 22 Vic. Cap: 17, Sec. 24].
Has this Act been referred to T-y & B. trade & is it in operation?
4. The circumstances of the Colony have altered materially
since the discovery of the outlying Mines of the Kootenay District.
Previous to that time little or no trade came by way of our
Southern Boundary and New Westminster was the only declaredPort
Port
of Entry in the Colony. Now however there are three Ports of
Entry on our extensive Southern frontier—Osoyoos, in the
Similkomeen Valley, Fort Shepherd on the Columbia, and St
Joseph's Prairie in the Kootenay District—in each instance
consisting of a log hut, inhabited by a Revenue Officer and
Constable, with only an Indian Village within 80 or 100 miles.
Port
of Entry in the Colony. Now however there are three Ports of
Entry on our extensive Southern frontier—Osoyoos, in the
Similkomeen Valley, Fort Shepherd on the Columbia, and St
Joseph's Prairie in the Kootenay District—in each instance
consisting of a log hut, inhabited by a Revenue Officer and
Constable, with only an Indian Village within 80 or 100 miles.
5. Under the existing systemgoods
goods entering the Colony by
these routes are charged duties on the value of the articles at
the Towns of Walla-walla and Colville, situated in Washington
Territory, the starting points whence supplies from the interior
of the neighbouring States are forwarded for the British Columbian
Market. To carry out the suggestion conveyed in the Treasury
Letter and reckon the ad valorem duties at such Ports of Entry
would be difficult, if not impracticable, in thepresent
present early
stage of the Colony, while to take the average prices at New Westminster as the value to be charged on the frontier would give
the American Trader an undue advantage
over the Merchants resident in this and the neighbouring Colony.
goods entering the Colony by
these routes are charged duties on the value of the articles at
the Towns of Walla-walla and Colville, situated in Washington
Territory, the starting points whence supplies from the interior
of the neighbouring States are forwarded for the British Columbian
Market. To carry out the suggestion conveyed in the Treasury
Letter and reckon the ad valorem duties at such Ports of Entry
would be difficult, if not impracticable, in thepresent
present early
stage of the Colony, while to take the average prices at New Westminster as the value to be charged on the frontier would give
the American Trader an undue advantage
Why undue?
[FR]
In other words the consumer on the frontier is to pay the cost of
bringing in goods from N. Westminster, when he mt get them
witht that cost from the U.S.
6. It is not unnatural for the people of this Colony to
look to the Laws of Canada as a guide to their own Legislation
when the position of the two Colonies is so similar and their
future relations in all probability so intimate. I would therefore
begleave
leave to suggest that the principle of the Ordinance should be
allowed to continue but be so far amended as to give power to the
Executive, as in the Canadian Act, to provide that "goods bonâ
fide exported to this Province from any Country but passing in
transitu through another Country, shall be valued for duty as
if they were imported directly from such first mentioned Country."
This alteration would, I believe meet the objections raised last
spring to the enactment in Victoria, but I must add that any Change
in the system now in force of collecting CustomsDuties
Duties will be met
by the unanimous opposition of the unofficial Members of the
Legislative Council, and it would require distinct instructions
from me to prevent the Official Members from opposing an alteration
in a Law which has been found to work with advantage to the Colony.
leave to suggest that the principle of the Ordinance should be
allowed to continue but be so far amended as to give power to the
Executive, as in the Canadian Act, to provide that "goods bonâ
fide exported to this Province from any Country but passing in
transitu through another Country, shall be valued for duty as
if they were imported directly from such first mentioned Country."
This alteration would, I believe meet the objections raised last
spring to the enactment in Victoria, but I must add that any Change
in the system now in force of collecting CustomsDuties
Duties will be met
by the unanimous opposition of the unofficial Members of the
Legislative Council, and it would require distinct instructions
from me to prevent the Official Members from opposing an alteration
in a Law which has been found to work with advantage to the Colony.
7. Since writing the above I have received a Report from the
Attorney General copy of which I beg to forward.
Minutes by CO staff
Sir F. Rogers
According to the result of Mr Macdonald's investigation it would seem that Mr Birch's statement has good foundation.
According to the result of Mr Macdonald's investigation it would seem that Mr Birch's statement has good foundation.
ABd
21 May
Prepare draft to Treasy, but see a separate minute by me.
I had not seen this paper before.
TFE
24 May
This must be sent to the Treasury. Doubtless Mr
Elliot is right in supposing this Ordinance was directed
ags V.I. but if we effect the Union this year it may be
better not to moot the subject until after that time when
there will be no motive for the United Legre to continue the anomaly.
Mr Blackwood
The Treasury objected to the B.C. Ordinance No 3 of 1865 on the ground that by that Act the value of articles subjected to ad valorem duties is to be reckoned according to their value at the place of shipment, instead of being estimated as usual on their value at the port of entry. They stated that they knew no other Colonial Customs Act in which this regulation exists.
The Treasury objected to the B.C. Ordinance No 3 of 1865 on the ground that by that Act the value of articles subjected to ad valorem duties is to be reckoned according to their value at the place of shipment, instead of being estimated as usual on their value at the port of entry. They stated that they knew no other Colonial Customs Act in which this regulation exists.
Mr Birch in the present despatch refers them to the
24th Section of the Canadian Customs Act, 22 Vic: Cap
17, from which
Act the principle of the B.C. Ordce has, he
states, been adopted.
Act the principle of the B.C. Ordce has, he
states, been adopted.
Sec: 24 of Canada, 22 Vic: Cap
17 in the Consolidated Statutes is founded on an older
Customs Act 16 Vic: Cap: 85, Sec: 3 wh Act was submitted
to the Board of Trade and Treasury previously to its
confirmation. No objection was raised by either of those
departments to the clause asserting the principle adopted
by the B.C. Ordce.
That principle is, as stated by Mr Birch the same
in both Ordces, but in the Canadian Act there is a
further clause empowering the Government to charge by order
on goods bonâ fide exported
to the Province from one Country,
but passing in transition through a second, duty on their
value in the first country.
to the Province from one Country,
but passing in transition through a second, duty on their
value in the first country.
Mr Birch now proposes to adopt in B. Columbia this further
clause.
RSM
19 May
Memo:
I would just record the following note in passing. The B. Columbia Govt has no doubt found a precedent in the Canadian Customs Laws, but these are not generally considered bright examples of that class of legislation. The real point is that the clause was obviously directed against Vancouver; and to say that British goods carried in a large vessel to Vancouver and introduced from thence into New Westminster were to pay duty on the enormous value they would bear at Vancouver instead of theirnatural
natural
English price, was contrary to all reason and could have
no other motive than the desire to compel British Merchants
to send their goods in ships sailing direct to the inferior
Port of New Westminster. This ought in my opinion decidedly
to be prevented. Whether it will be sufficiently prevented
by a mere permission to the Governor of British Columbia to
take the duties on the British instead of the Vancouver value
will be a subject for consideration when the Treasury answer.
I would just record the following note in passing. The B. Columbia Govt has no doubt found a precedent in the Canadian Customs Laws, but these are not generally considered bright examples of that class of legislation. The real point is that the clause was obviously directed against Vancouver; and to say that British goods carried in a large vessel to Vancouver and introduced from thence into New Westminster were to pay duty on the enormous value they would bear at Vancouver instead of theirnatural
natural
English price, was contrary to all reason and could have
no other motive than the desire to compel British Merchants
to send their goods in ships sailing direct to the inferior
Port of New Westminster. This ought in my opinion decidedly
to be prevented. Whether it will be sufficiently prevented
by a mere permission to the Governor of British Columbia to
take the duties on the British instead of the Vancouver value
will be a subject for consideration when the Treasury answer.
TFE
25 May
Documents enclosed with the main document (not transcribed)
H.P.P. Crease, Attorney General, to Officer Administering
the Government, 22 March 1866, responding to objections by the
imperial government towards the customs ordinance.
Other documents included in the file
Elliot to Secretary to the Treasury, 6 June 1866, forwarding
copy of the despatch for consideration.