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Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8"
TY - ELEC
A1 - Kaufman, Noam
ED - Jenstad, Janelle
T1 - Fenchurch Street
T2 - The Map of Early Modern London
PY - 2020
DA - 2020/06/26
CY - Victoria
PB - University of Victoria
LA - English
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/FENC1.htm
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/FENC1.xml
ER -
RT Web Page
SR Electronic(1)
A1 Kaufman, Noam
A6 Jenstad, Janelle
T1 Fenchurch Street
T2 The Map of Early Modern London
WP 2020
FD 2020/06/26
RD 2020/06/26
PP Victoria
PB University of Victoria
LA English
OL English
LK https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/FENC1.htm
Euery Soyle to Mee is Naturall: Figuring Denization in William Haughton’s
Aldgate Street ran slightly south-west from Aldgate until it reached a pump, formerly a sweet well. At that point, the street forked into two streets. The northern branch, called Aldgate Street, ran west until it ran into Cornhill at Lime Street. At an earlier point in history, Cornhill seems to have extended east past Lime Street because the church of St. Andrew Undershaft was called St. Andrew upon Cornhill (Harben 10).
Gracechurch Street ran north-south from Cornhill Street near Leadenhall Market to the bridge. At the southern end, it was called
New Fish Street
. North of Cornhill, Gracechurch
continued as Bishopsgate Street, leading through
Bishop’s Gate out of the walled city into the
suburb of Shoreditch.
Mark Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower
Street. It was for the most parte of this Towerstreet warde
(Stow). The north end of the street, from Fenchurch Street to Hart
Street was divided between Aldgate Ward
and Landbourn Ward. Stow says Mark Lane was so called of a Priuiledge sometime
enjoyed to keepe a mart there, long since discontinued, and therefore forgotten,
so as nothing remaineth for memorie
(Stow). Modern scholars have suggested that it was
instead named after the mart, where oxen were fattened for slaughter (Harben).
Mincing Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower
Street. All of the street was part of Tower
Street Ward
except the corner house[s] towardes Fenchurch
streete
, which were in Langbourn
Ward (Stow). Stow notes
that the street was named after tenements there sometime pertayning to
the Minchuns or Nunnes of Saint Helens in Bishopsgate streete
(Stow). Stow also makes a definitive link between
the lane and London’s commercial history.
The church is visible on the Agas map along Fenchurch Street. Before the
Billiter Lane ran north-west from
Fenchurch to Leadenhall, entirely in Aldgate Ward. Nearby landmarks included Blanch Appleton facing the opening of
Billiter Lane on the south side
of Fenchurch and Ironmongers’ Hall to the west of Billiter Lane on the north side of Fenchurch. Nearby churches were St. Catherine Cree on Leadenhall and All Hallows Staining adjacent to the Clothworkers’ Hall) and St. Katharine Coleman on Fenchurch. On the Agas map, Billiter Lane is labelled Bylleter la.
Aldgate was the easternmost gate into the walled
city. The name Aldgate
is thought to come from one of four sources:
Eastern gate
(Ekwall 36), ale
, public gate
or open to all
, or old gate
(Bebbington
20–21).
Northumberland House was a stately home in Crutched Friars Lane, south of Aldgate. It was built by and named after
Somerset House (labelled as Somerſet Palace
on the Agas map) was a significant site for royalty in early modern London. Erected in
Crutched Friars was a street that ran east-west from Poor Jewry Lane to the east end of Hart Street above Seething Lane. When Stow wrote, most of Crutched Friars was known as Hart Street, so Stow only uses the name Crutched Friars to refer to Crutched Friars Priory (Harben). Since Stow does not name the street that ran from Aldgate to Woodroffe Lane, it could have been known as Hart Street, Crutched Friars, or something different.
Fenchurch Street (often called pork and peas
after her sister,
The Julian calendar, in use in the British Empire until September 1752. This calendar is used for dates where the date of the beginning of the year is ambigious.
The Julian calendar with the calendar year regularized to beginning on 1 January.
The Julian calendar with the calendar year beginning on 25 March. This was the calendar used in the British Empire until September 1752.
The Gregorian calendar, used in the British Empire from September 1752. Sometimes
referred to as
The Anno Mundi (year of the world
) calendar is based on the supposed date of the
creation of the world, which is calculated from Biblical sources. At least two different
creation dates are in common use. See Anno Mundi (Wikipedia).
Regnal dates are given as the number of years into the reign of a particular monarch.
Our practice is to tag such dates with
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.
Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.
Research Assistant, 2012–2013. Cameron Butt completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2013. He minored in French and has a keen interest in Shakespeare, film, media studies, popular culture, and the geohumanities.
Research Assistant, 2012-2013. Noam Kaufman completed his Honours BA in English Literature at York University’s bilingual Glendon campus, graduating with first class standing in the spring of 2012. He was an MA student specializing in Renaissance drama, and researched early modern London’s historic cast of characters and neighbourhoods, both real and fictional.
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–present. Associate Project Director, 2015–present. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
Doctor who attended
Master of the
Playwright, poet, and author.
Eyewitness of
Property owner on Fenchurch Street.
Queen of England and Ireland
Joiner and architect.
Playwright.
Playwright and poet.
Czar of Russia and Grand Prince of Muscovy.
King of Scotland
Poet and playwright.
Property owner freed from
Chronicler. Member of the
Roman epigrammatist.
Queen of Scotland
Educator and author.
First Russian ambassador to England sent by
Sheriff of London
Naval officer and diarist.
Member of the
Surveyor and Master of the
Historian and author of
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Fenchurch Street (often called is of Ealdgate warde till ye come to Culuar Alley, on the west side of Ironmongers Hall where sometime was a lane
which went out of Fenchurchstreete to the
midst of Limestreete
(Stow 200).
Fenchurch Street took that name of a fenny
or moorish ground, so made by means, of this borne which passed through it
(200). The eponymous
Ralph Tresswell’s
Fenchurch Street was home to several famous
landmarks, including the King’s Head Tavern, where
the then-pork and peas
after her sister, [a]n
rich in pageantry and cultural
significance,
allowed commoners to welcome [their new ruler]
with gifts and pageants
(Butler). Surviving eyewitness accounts offer evidence of Fenchurch’s residents preparing for a royal visit.
the citizens began to adorn the city against the Queen’s
coronation; to hang the streets, and prepare pageants at Fan Church and Grace
Church
(1553-09-12).Tower through London riding in a
chariot looking gorgeously unto Westminster.
By the way at Fenchurch a goodly pageant with
four giants and with goodly speeches
(1553-09-30)
Five years after [pass] from the Towre tyll she came to
Fanchurche, the people on eche syde
ioyoussye beholding the viewe of so gracious a Ladie their quene, and
her grace no lesse gladlye notyng and obseruying the same. Here unto
Fanchurch was erected a scaffold
richely furnished, wheron stode a noyes of instrumentes, and a child in
costly apparel, which was appointed to welcome the quenes maiestie in ye
hole cities behalfe.
Mulcaster
As
from thence stept presently into his Citie of(sig. B4r). ThisLondon, which for the time might worthily borrow the name of hisCourt Royall: His passage alongst that Court, offering it selfe for more State through seuen Gates, of which the first was erected at Fanchurch
Par domus haec coelo sed minor est domino
This house is on a par with the heavens, but less than its master
Camera Regia
The King’s Chamber
a lesse and different character(Mardock 32).
city and king are evident, the order and appearance of the two phrases—as well as their proximity to the
royal reader’s eye—suggests a hierarchy
with the royal domino greater than the civic domus(Mardock 32).
such a show of(sig. B2r).glorie as I neuer saw the like The Cittie of London very rarely artificially made, where no church, nor house of note but your eye might easily find out
The few dramatic references to Fenchurch Street
occur in city comedies, often providing information about the origins of a
character rather than overtly participating in the action of the
play. For example, the second title of
[t]he acme of the play’s geographical localism(40). Darryll Grantley argues that aoccurs in IV.i, a scene whose humor hinges on the gap in knowledge between those who have an intimate familiarity with London’s streets and those who do not
comic and nationalist capitalis created by the confusion of the play’s three foreign suitors—Alvaro, Delion, and Vandalle—when they get lost in London on their way to Crutched Friars (75), leading to an exchange between the foreign suitor Delion and the Englishman Heigham:
Haughton 4.1.92-96Del What be name dis st., and wish be de way to Croshe-friars?
Delion, a Frenchman, means to say, What be the name of this street, and which be the way to Crutched Friars?Heigh Marry, this is Fenchurch St. and the best way to Crutched Friars is to follow your nose.
Del Vanshe st.! How shance me come to Vanshe st.?
Delion means Fenchurch Street! How chance me come to Fenchurch Street?
hilarious marker of their unsuitability as husbands for London maids(Jenstad 112). Likewise, Alan Stewart suggests that the strangers’ deeply flawed English is an irresolvable barrier to marriage, and that any union between English and other languages is figured as
unhealthy and dangerous(71). The inherent nationalism couched in this exchange arises from the spectators’ satisfaction—at the expense of the intruder—in having a sound grasp of London’s geography and thus being a true Londoner. This geographical confusion
cedes a competitive advantage to the English suitors, who use their intimate knowledge (and as the play would argue, ownership) of the land to win the race and obtain the affection of the female characters (Grantley 75).
great trouble,
to hear that the Plague is come into the City
(1665-06-10). Later, on [d]o you see
(1665-08-06).
In modern London, Fenchurch Street follows the path
of early modern Fenchurch Street from Aldgate to Gracechurch. Fenchurch gives its name
to Fenchurch Street Station, the first station to be located within the
City of London
(