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The Fair sat [u]pon [a] portion of the ground now known as Smithfield (that is, smooth field), bordering upon the marsh, great elm trees grew, and it was known as The Elms. The king’s market perhaps was held among the trees; but on the marsh the Priory was founded, around which was held the fair
(Morley 9). According to Sugden:
[i]ts frequenters were called [Bartholomew] Birds
Morley notes that [the] beginning of the Bartholomew Fair was a grant from
(Morley 1).
In confirmed with his charter and seal
that Rahere‘s church be made with the same freedoms that [the king’s] crown is libertied with, or any other church in England that is most y-freed; and released it all customs, and declared it for to be free from all earthly service, power, and subjection, and gave sharp sentence against contrary malignants
(Morley 14). Included within this was Bartholomew Fair, to which the King granted:
firm peace to all persons coming to and returning from The Fair which is wont to be celebrated in that place at the Feast of St. Bartholomew; and [he] forbid any of the Royal servants to implead any of their persons, or without the consent of the canons, on those three days, to wit, the eve of the feast, the feast itself, and the day following, to levy dues upon those going thither. (Morley 15)
In The Priory and Hospital of St. Bartholomew then passed through the king’s hands, and were for ever sundered from each other
(Morley 112). In [establish] on the old site a new hospital of St. Bartholomew[,]
but [w]hile the [original] Hospital of St. Bartholomew was being thus disposed of, courtiers and others eagerly put forward their requests to purchase houses and lands taken from the several religious bodies; and among these was
(Morley 113, 115). the Priory in West Smithfield, with all that was upon the ground within its enclosure, and all rights thereto pertaining
(Morley 116). Morley notes that the king farther granted to
(Morley 117-18). The details of said grant, however, saves all the rights of the city to the Fair outside St. Bartholomew’s enclosure. It gave
(Morley 118).
In [i]n
(Morley 336). It it further noted that:
In
Debates over the length of the fair hit their stride in the early 1700s. The Fair, at the time, only lasted three days, but calls were made for the Fair to be once again extended. One predominant argument to maintain the Fair’s three day length, however, was the fact that [a]ll charters and writs, from the Reign of
; the one exception being the charter granted by the prolonged Fair everybody knows ‘to be a mere Carnival, a season of the utmost Disorder and Debauchery, by reason of the Booths for Drinking, Music, Dancing, Stage-plays, Drolls, Lotteries, Gaming, Raffling, and what not’
(Morley 381). In
The fair was ultimately suppressed [in]
(Harben 50).
Most notably, the Fair is mentioned in
the stagekeeper ridicules the idea of the play: the author, he says, ‘has not hit the humours, he does not know them; he has not conversed with the [Bartholomew] birds, as they say’(Sugden 48). In
a usurer is described as one that would flay his father’s skin off ‘and sell it to cover drums for children at [Bartholomew] Fair’(Sugden 48).
On the 29th of August(Morley 245).1668 , Mr Pepys, having found poor entertainment at the playhouse, was dull. ‘So I out, and met my wife in a coach, and stopped her going thither to meet me; and took her and Mercer and Deb. to Bartholomew Fair, and there did see a ridiculous obscene little stage-play, called ‘Marry Audrey ,’ a foolish thing, but seen by everybody’