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Database: The Map of Early Modern London
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TY - ELEC
A1 - The MoEML Team
ED - Jenstad, Janelle
T1 - Gazetteer (W)
T2 - The Map of Early Modern London
PY - 2020
DA - 2020/06/26
CY - Victoria
PB - University of Victoria
LA - English
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/gazetteer_w.htm
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/gazetteer_w.xml
ER -
RT Web Page
SR Electronic(1)
A1 The MoEML Team
A6 Jenstad, Janelle
T1 Gazetteer (W)
T2 The Map of Early Modern London
WP 2020
FD 2020/06/26
RD 2020/06/26
PP Victoria
PB University of Victoria
LA English
OL English
LK https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/gazetteer_w.htm
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–present. Associate Project Director, 2015–present. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
We’d also like to acknowledge students who contributed to
These are all MoEML team members since 1999 to present. To see the current members and structure of our team, see
Watling Street ran east-west between St. Sythes Lane in Cordwainer Street Ward and Old Change in Bread Street Ward. It is visible on the Agas map under the label Watlinge ſtreat
.
Noble Street
(Stow 200). This should not lead to confusion with Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward. There is an etymological explanation for this crossover of names. According to Ekwall, the name Watling
ultimately derives from an Old English word meaning king’s son
(Ekwall 81-82). Watling Street remains distinct from the Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward.
Originally built as a Roman fortification for the provincial city of Londinium in the second century C.E., the London Wall remained a material and spatial boundary for the city throughout the early modern period. Described by high and great
(Stow 1: 8), the London Wall dominated the cityscape and spatial imaginations of Londoners for centuries. Increasingly, the eighteen-foot high wall created a pressurized constraint on the growing city; the various gates functioned as relief valves where development spilled out to occupy spaces
London Wall was a long street running along the inside of the northern part of the City Wall. It ran east-west from the north end of Broad Street to Cripplegate (Prockter and Taylor 43). The modern London Wall street is a major traffic thoroughfare now. It follows roughly the route of the former wall, from Old Broad Street to the Museum of London (whose address is 150 London Wall).
Standing along Nightingale Lane at the middle of a Foord
that served as the boundary between the Parish of St. Mary Whitechapel
and the Parish of St. Botolph Aldgate (Stow sig. M2v), Wapping Mill is not featured on the
Agas map.
The King’s Wardrobe, built in the 14th century between St. Andrew’s Hill and Addle Hill near Blackfriars Precinct, was originally a repository for royal clothing, but later housed offices of the royal household and became a key seat of government (Sugden 557). Stow explains its significance:
In this houſe of late yeares, is lodged Sir
Stow 1598 299
rer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maieſties Priuy
Councel. The ſecret letters & writings touching the eſtate of the realme, were
wont to be introlled in the kings Wardrobe, and not
in the Chauncery, as appeareth by the Records.
Barbican Tower was a watchtower or barbican to the northeast of the London Wall.
According to
Budge Row ran east-west through Cordwainer Street ward. It passed through the ward from Soper Lane in the west to Walbrook in the east. Beyond Soper Lane, Budge Row became Watling Street. Before it came to be known as Budge Row, it once formed part of Watling Street, one of the Roman roads (Weinreb and Hibbert 107).
The Little Conduit in Cheapside, also known as the Pissing Conduit, stood at the western end of Cheapside outside the north corner of Paul’s Churchyard. On the Agas map, one can see two water cans on the ground just to the right of the conduit.
Weigh House was a building on the north side of Cornhill Ward that was used for weighing imported merchandise. While the house is not labelled on the Agas map, Mary Lobel and W. H. Johns suggest that it appears below the Merchant Taylor’s Hall (Lobel and Johns).
Westminster Abbey was a historically significant church, located on the bottom-left corner of the Agas map. Colloquially known as
In the middle ages, Westcheap was the main market west of the Walbrook, so called to distinguish it from Eastcheap, the market
in the east. By
Bankside ran along the south bank of the Thames from Winchester house to the place where Blackfriars
Bridge would later be built. Described by Weinreb as redolent of squalor and vice,
the name
Cheapside, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside was the centre of London’s wealth, with many mercers’ and goldsmiths’ shops located there. It was also the most sacred stretch of the processional route, being traced both by the linear east-west route of a royal entry and by the circular route of the annual mayoral procession.
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In
Westminster Hall is the only surviving part of the original Palace of Westminster
(Weinreb and Hibbert 1011) and is located on the west side of the Thames. It is located on the bottom left-hand corner of the Agas map, and is labelled as Weſtmynſter hall
. Originally built as an extension to
Westminster Stairs was an important site in early modern London that provided access to the Thames from Westminster Abbey. Used during royal processions and by rivermen throughout daily life, Westminster Stairs was known as being a place of bustling activity.
Coldharbour Lane, or Colderherburghlane, ran south from Thames Street to Coldharbour on the east side of All Hallows the Less (Historical Towns Trust).
Smithfield was an open, grassy area located outside the Wall. Because of its location close to the city centre, Smithfield was used as a site for markets, tournaments, and public executions. From
Puddle Wharf was a water gate along the north bank
of the Thames (Stow). Also known as Puddle Dock, it was located in Castle Baynard Ward, down from St. Andrew’s Hill. Puddle Wharf was built in
Whitechapel was a street running east-west to the
Aldgate Bars from the east. Stow comments that
the street, like Aldgate Street, was fully
replenished with buildings outward, & also pestered with diuerse Allyes,
on eyther side
(Stow).
Also known as St. Mary Matfelon, Whitechapel Church was located on Whitechapel Street.
This page points to the district known as Whitefriars. For the theatre, see Whitefriars Theatre.
According to
Whitehall Palace, the Palace of Whitehall or simply Whitehall, was one
of the most complex and sizeable locations in the entirety of early modern Europe. As the primary place of residence for monarchs from
[i]t lay on the left bank of the Thames, and extended from nearly the point where Westminster Bdge. now crosses the river to
Scotland Yard, and from the river back to St. James’s Park
(Sugden 564-565).
Whitehall Stairs was an important location in early modern London. Providing a point of access to the Thames from Whitehall, the stairs were used by both the public and members of the royal family. Although the stairs are rarely alluded to in early modern literature, they appear in a number of texts about daily life in London during the time period.
One of the five prisons in Southwark.
The dwelling house of
One of the lesser known halls or private playhouses of Renaissance London, the Whitefriars, was home to two different boy playing companies, each of which operated under several different names. Whitefriars produced many famous boy actors, some of whom later went on to greater fame in adult companies. At the Whitefriars playhouse in 1607–1608, the Children of the King’s Revels catered to a homogenous audience with a particular taste for homoerotic puns and situations, which resulted in a small but significant body of plays that are markedly different from those written for the amphitheatres and even for other hall playhouses.
College Hill was located on the boundary between Vintry Ward and
Dowgate Ward. It is visible on the Agas map and marked as Whythyngton College
.
On the Agas map there are nine rectangular and square pike gardens, or artificial fishponds, located in the liberty of Southwark among the bear and bullbaiting arenas. These nine pike gardens, however, give only an approximate indication of the size, shape, and location of early modern London’s three major aquaculture operations—the Winchester House Pike Garden, the King’s (or Queen’s) Pike Garden, and the Great Pike Garden—each of which dates to the Middle Ages. These fishponds relied on two separate types of holding areas: the vivarium, or breeding pond, and the servatorium, or holding pond. To catch and sort fish, workers drained the shallow ponds through diversion conduits equipped with gates and sluices. Freshwater fish cultivated in estate gardens were considered a luxury dish well into the eighteenth century, especially the pike, an aggressive predator that was admired and feared in
Stow does not indicate what side of the street the house sits on, but the Dictionary of London points us to the two intersecting streets of Monkwell Street and Silver Street. This great house once belonged to the Nevill family, but later became Windsor House.
Woodroffe Lane ran north-south from Crutched Friars south to Tower Hill. The lane was
in Aldgate Ward and was named after the Woodruffe family
(Harben). Stow writes that the lane was a
place of great benevolence. There were fourteen proper almes houses
built from brick and
wood in Woodruffe Lane and the tenants haue their
dewllinges rent free, and ii.s. iiii.d. the peece: the first day of euery moneth for euer
(Stow).
According to
We are awaiting further confirmation of this street’s position.
Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane, Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled as Wood Streat
on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.
Bridewell, once palace, then prison, was an intriguing site in the early modern period. It changed hands several times before falling into the possession of the BrideWell
.
The Wrestlers was a house in Bishopsgate Ward located on the north side of Camomile Street, near the city wall and Bishopsgate (Stow; BHO). The house predates the Wrestlers Court located on the opposite (south) side of Camomile Street. Wrestlers Court was named after the house, which was later renamed Clark’s Court
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