A Song of the Moon (1633)

  [A Song of the Moon]

To the  wonders of the Peak

I am come to add, and speak,

Or as some would say to  break

My mind unto you:

And I swear by all the light 5

At my back, I am no sprite,

But a very merry  wight

 Pressed in to see you.

I had somewhat else to say,

But have lost it by the way, 10

I shall think on’t ere’t be  day.

The Moon commends her

To the  merry beards in hall,

Those  turned up, and those that fall,

 Morts and  merkins that wag all, 15

Tough, foul, or tender.

And as either news or mirth

Rise or fall upon the earth

She desires of every birth

Some taste to send her, 20

Specially the news of Derby,

For if there or peace or war be

To the Peak it is so hard-by

She soon will hear  it.

If there be a cuckold major, 25

That the wife  heads for a wager

 As the standard shall engage her,

The Moon will bear it.

Though she change as oft as she,

And of  circle be as free, 30

Or her  quarters  lighter be,

Yet do not fear it.

Or if any strife betide

 For the breeches with the bride,

 ’Tis but the next neighbour ride, 35

And she is pleasèd.

Or  if’t be the  gossips’  hap

Each to pawn her husband’s  cap

At  Pem Waker’s good ale-tap

Her mind is  easèd. 40

Or by chance if  in their grease

Or their ale, they break the peace

Forfeiting their drinking lease

She will not  seize it.

A Song of the Moon The title is editorial. Cunningham first printed the poem from the Newcastle MS (BL Harley 4955, fol. 53-v). H&S describe the poem as ‘apparently a fragment of some lost entertainment at a great house near the Peak’. Fitzmaurice (1998), 72 suggests it was omitted from Welbeck because it was too coarse to be uttered in the presence of the Queen. This would tally with its position after the previous poem in the Newcastle MS. In Welbeck, 75–6 Fitzale is described as having ‘an industrious collection of all the written, or reported wonders of the Peak’. It is likely that these lines were originally conceived as following line 95 of the entertainment: Fitzale’s ‘Stint, stint your court, / Grow to be short’ may mark the excision. The bawdy here would lead in to the discussion of the marriage of Fitzale’s daughter. ‘I am no sprite’ (6) is a response to Accidence’s claim in Welbeck, 89 that ‘He can fly o’er hills and dales’ (reminiscent of Shakespeare’s Puck); there are also evident reminiscences of Starveling’s performance of Moonshine in MND, 5.1.235–63. The opening lines promise a continuation of the catalogue of wonders of the Peak.
A Song of the Moon] G
1 wonders . . . Peak As listed in Welbeck, 77–9, these are St Anne’s Well at Buxton (the best-known site of pilgrimage in Derbyshire before the Reformation), Eldon Hole (a pothole approximately 200 metres long, with an initial vertical shaft of about 60 metres; the largest open pothole in Derbyshire), and Poole’s Hole (a pothole one mile west of Buxton known as ‘the devil’s arse’). Richard Andrews’s poem on Jonson’s visit to the peak is in the Newcastle MS (BL Harley MS 4955, fols. 166v–169; see Literary Record, Electronic Edition).
3–4 break . . . mind reveal a secret. ‘As some would say’ establishes the character of the speaker as laboriously pedantic.
7 wight person. (Archaic.)
8 Pressed The speaker may have originally have been intended to ‘press’ through the crowd (OED, v.1 15a), like Robin Goodfellow in Love Restored, 31–3. The word can also mean ‘seized for use in royal purposes’ (OED, v.2 2).
11 day.] H&S; day JnB 431
13 merry . . . hall ‘’Tis merry in hall when beards wag all’ (Tilley, H55). Cf. also Tub, 5.9.12.
14 turned] H&S; turne JnB 431
15 Morts Harlots (often gypsies).
15 merkins female pubic hair. (Can also be used of artificial pubic hair; here used metonymically.)
24 it.] H&S; it JnB 431
26 heads gives the cuckold’s horns (not recorded in OED or in G. Williams, 1994).
27 As she is urged to do by the standard-bearer; ‘standard’ can be slang for ‘penis’ (G. Williams, 1994). No record of a gathering of armed bands or general musters survives for Derby in 1633 (C. Cox, 1890, 1.156), but the military puns hereabouts do seem to imply that Jonson knew of something of the kind.
30 circle vagina.
31 quarters ‘allusive of a woman’s sexual parts’ (G. Williams, 1994), with a pun on the ‘quarters of the moon’.
31 lighter more sexually free.
34 For the breeches Cf. the proverb ‘the woman wears the breeches’ (Tilley, B645).
35 All she needs is for her next-door neighbour to mount her.
37 if’t] H&S; it JnB 431
37 gossips’ fellow wives’.
37 hap fortune.
38 cap ‘The cap is the fool’s cap, the version worn by the erotic fool being a badge of cuckoldry’ (G. Williams, 1997). It can also be used of ‘a woman in her sexual capacity’ (G. Williams, 1997). The idea is that she is selling sex to buy ale.
39 Pem Waker’s Fitzale’s daughter, in Welbeck, 110–30, is called Pem; presumably Jonson first used the surname Waker in Welbeck and then revised it out.
40 easèd.] H&S; eased JnB 431
41 in their grease unwashed. G. Williams (1994) does not record a sexual sense, but the general atmosphere of innuendo suggests one.
44 seize playing on the legal sense ‘take possession’ [of their lease].