He Scene presented it selfe in a square and flat

vpright, like to the side of a Citie: the top

thereof, aboue the Vent, and Crest, adorn'd

with houses, towres, and steeples, set off in

prospectiue. Vpon the battlements in a

great capitall letter was inscribed,

^{According to TACITVS:}

AtSVETO-

NIVSmirâ constantiâ, medios inter hosteis

Londinium perrexit, cognomento quidem Co-

loniæ non insigne, sed copiâ Negotiatorum, & commeatu maxime celebre. Be-

neath that, in a lesse and different character, was written

Which title immediately after the Norman conquest ^{it began to haue;} and

by the indulgence of succeeding Princes, hath beene hitherto continued.

In the Freeze ouer the gate, it seemeth to speake this verse:

Taken ^{out of MARTIAL,} and implying, that though this citie (for the

state, and magnificence) might (by Hyperbole) be said to touch the starres,

and reach vp to heauen, yet was it farre inferior to the master thereof, who

was his Maiestie; and in that respect vnworthy to receiue him. The high-

est person aduanc'd therein, was

and fitly: applying to the aboue mentioned title of the citie, THE KINGS

CHAMBER, and therefore here placed as in the proper seate of the empire:

for, so the glorie and light of our kingdome M. ^{CAMDEN, speaking of}

London, saith, shee is, totius Britanniæ Epitome, Britannicique. Imperij sedes,

Regumque Angliæ Camera, tantum inter omneis eminet, quantum (vt ait ille) in-

ter viburna Cupressus. Shee was a woman, richly attyr'd, in cloth of gold

and tissue; a rich mantle; ouer her state two crownes hanging, with pen-

sile shields thorow them; the one lim'd with the particular coate of Eng-

land, the other of Scotland: on either side also a crowne, with the like Scut-

chions and peculiar coates of France, and Ireland. In her hand shee holds

a scepter; on her head a fillet of gold, inter-wouen with palme and law-

rell; her hayre bound into foure seuerall points, descending from her

crownes; and in her lap a little globe, inscrib'd vpon

And beneath, the word

To shew, that this empire is a world diuided from the world, and allu-

ding to that of ^* CLAV.

And ^VIRG.

The wreathe denotes victorie and happinesse. The scepter and crownes

soueraignetie. The shields the precedency of the countries, and their di-

stinctions. At her feet was set

or diuine Wisedome, all in white, a blue mantle seeded with starres, a crowne

of starres on her head. Her garments figur'd truth, innocence, and cleere-

nesse. Shee was alwayes looking vp; in her one hand shee sustayned a

^{doue, in the other a serpent:} the last to shew her subtiltie, the first her sim-

plicitie; alluding to that text of Scripture, Estote ergo prudentes sicut ser-

pentes, & simplices sicut columbæ. Her word,

Intimating, how by her, all kings doe gouerne, and that she is the foun-

dation and strength of kingdomes, to which end, shee was here placed, vp-

on a cube, at the foot of the Monarchie, as her base and stay. Directly be-

neath her stood

A person attyr'd rich, reuerend, and antique: his haire long and white,

crowned with a wreathe of Plane tree, which is said to be Arbor genialis;

his mantle of purple, and buskins of that colour: He held in one hand a

goblet, in the other a branch full of little twigs, to signifie increase and in-

dulgence. His word

pointing to the two that supported him, whereof the one on the right

hand, was

Figuring the councell of the citie, and was suted in blacke and purple; a

wreathe of^* oke vpon his head; sustayning for his ensignes, on his left

arme a scarlet robe, and in his right hand the ^a Fasces, as tokens of magi-

stracie, with this inscription;

The other on the left hand.

The warlike force of the citie, in an antique coate, or armour, with a

target and sword; his helme on, and crowned with lawrell, implying

strength and conquest: in his hand he bore the standard of the citie, with

this word,

Expressing by those seuerall mots, connexed, that with those armes of

councel and strength, the Genius was able to extinguish the kings enemies,

and preserue his citizens, alluding to those verses in SENECA,

Vnder-neath these, in an Aback thrust out before the rest, lay

The riuer, as running along the side of the citie; in a skin-coate made like

flesh, naked, and blue. His mantle of sea-greene or water colour, thin, and

bolne out like a sayle; bracelets about his wrests, of willow and sedge, a

crowne of sedge and reede vpon his head, mixt with water-lillies; allu-

ding to VIRGILS description of Tyber;

His beard, and hayre long, and ouer-growne. He leanes his arme vpon

an earthen pot, out of which, water, with liue fishes, are seene to runne

forth, and play about him. His word,

^{A hemistich of OVIDS:} The rest of the verse being,

Affirming, that riuers themselues, and such inanimate creatures, haue

heretofore beene made sensible of passions, and affections; and that

hee now, no lesse pertooke the ioy of his maiesties gratefull ap-

proch to this citie, than any of those persons, to whom hee pointed,

which were the daughters of the Genius, and sixe in number: who, in a

spreading ascent, vpon seuerall grices, helpe to beautifie both the sides.

The first,

or Gladnesse: was suted in greene, a mantle of diuers colours, embroydred

with all varietie of flowres: on her head a gyrland of myrtle, in her right

hand a crystall cruze fill'd with wine, in the left a cup of gold: at her feet

a tymbrell, harpe, and other instruments, all ensignes of gladnesse,

And in another place,

Her word,

As if this were the first houre of her life, and the minute wherein shee

began to be; beholding so long coueted, and look'd for a presence. The

second.

or Veneratio, was varied in an ash-colour'd sute, and darke mantle, a vayle

ouer her head of ash colour: her hands crost before her, and her eyes halfe

closde. Her word,

Implying both her office of reuerence, and the dignitie of her obiect,

who being as god on earth, should neuer be lesse in her thought. The

third.

or Promptitude, was attyr'd in a short tuck't garment of flame-colour,

wings at her backe; her haire bright, and bound vp with ribands; her

brest open, virago-like; her buskins so ribanded: Shee was crowned with

a chaplet of trifoly, to expresse readinesse, and opennesse euery way; in her

right hand shee held a squirrell, as being the creature most full of life and

quicknesse: in the left a close round censor, with the perfume sodainely to

be vented forth at the sides. Her word,

Taken from another place in VIRGIL, where EOLVS at the com-

mand of IVNO, lets forth the winde;

And shew'd that shee was no lesse prepar'd with promptitude, and a-

lacritie, then the windes were, vpon the least gate that shall be opened to

his high command. The fourth.

or Vigilance, in yellow, a sable mantle, seeded with waking eyes, and siluer

fringe: her chaplet of Heliotropium, or turnesole; in her one hand a lampe,

or cresset, in her other a bell. The lampe signified search and sight, the bell

warning. The Heliotropium care; and respecting her obiect. Her word,

Alluding to that of OVID, where he describes the office of ARGVS.

and implying the like duety of care and vigilance in her selfe. The fifth,

Or louing affection, in crimson fringed with golde, a mantle of flame-co-

lour, her chaplet of red and white roses; in her hand a flaming heart:

The flame expressed zeale, the red and white roses, a mixture of simplici-

ty with loue: her robes freshnes and feruency. Her word,

^{Out of CLAVDIAN,} in following.

Inferring, that though her sister before had protested watchfulnesse, and

circumspection, yet no watch or guard could be so safe to the estate, or per-

son of a Prince, as the loue and naturall affection of his subiects: which she

in the cities behalfe promised. The sixt,

Or vnanimity in blew, her roabe blew, and buskins. A chaplet of blew lil-

lies shewing one trueth and intirenesse of minde. In her lappe lies a sheafe

of arrowes bound together, and she her selfe sittes weauing certaine small

siluer twists. Her word,

Intimating, that euen the smallest and weakest aydes, by consent, are

made strong: her selfe personating the vnanimity, or consent of soule, in all

inhabitants of the city to his seruice.

¶ These are all the personages, or liue figures, whereof only two were

speakers (GENIVS and TAMESIS) the rest were mutes. Other dumbe

complements there were, as the armes of the kingdome on the one side,

with this inscription.

On the other side the armes of the citie, with

In the centre, or midst of the Pegme, there was an Aback, or Square,

wherein this Elogie was written:

This, and the whole frame, was couered with a curtaine of silke, pain-

ted like a thicke cloud, and at the approach of the K. was instantly to be

drawne. The Allegorie being, that those clouds were gathered vpon the

face of the Citie, through their long want of his most wished sight: but

now, as at the rising of the Sunne, all mists were dispersed and fled. When

sodainely, vpon silence made to the Musickes, a voyce was heard to vtter

this verse;

Signifying, that he now was really obiected to their eyes, who before

had beene onely, but still, present in their minds.

¶ Thus farre the complementall part of the first; wherein was not

onely labored the expression of state and magnificence (as proper to a tri-

umphall Arch) but the very site, fabricke, strength, policie, dignitie, and

affections of the Citie were all laid downe to life: The nature and pro-

pertie of these Deuices being, to present al waies some one entire bodie, or

figure, consisting of distinct members, and each of those expressing it selfe,

in the owne actiue spheare, yet all, with that generall harmonie so con-

nexed, and disposed, as no one little part can be missing to the illustration

of the whole: where also is to be noted, that the Symboles vsed, are not,

neither ought to be, simply Hieroglyphickes, Emblemes, or Impreses, but a

mixed character, partaking somewhat of all, and peculiarly apted to these

more magnificent Inuentions: wherein, the garments and ensignes deli-

uer the nature of the person, and the word the present office. Neither

was it becomming, or could it stand with the dignitie of these shewes (af-

ter the most miserable and desperate shift of the Puppits) to require a

Truch-man, or (with the ignorant Painter) one to write, This is a Dog;

or, This is a Hare: but so to be presented, as vpon the view, they might,

without cloud, or obscuritie, declare themselues to the sharpe and lear-

ned: And for the multitude, no doubt but their grounded iudgements

did gaze, said it was fine, and were satisfied.

CArried the frontispice of a temple, the walls of which and gates

were brasse; the pillars siluer, their capitalls and bases gold: in the

highest point of all was erected a IANVS head, & ouer it written,

Which title of Quadrifrons^{is said to be giuen him,} as he respecteth all

climates, and fills all parts of the world with his maiestie: which MAR-

TIAL would seeme to allude vnto in that Hendicasillable,

Others haue thought it by reason of the foure elements, which brake out

of him, being CHAOS: for OVID is not afraid to make CHAOS and IA-

NVS the same, in those verses

But we rather follow (and that more particularly) the opinion of the ^*an-

cients, who haue entitled him Quadrifrons, in regard of the yeere (which

vnder his sway is diuided into foure seasons, spring, summer, autumne, win-

ter, and ascribe vnto him the beginnings and ends of things. See M.CIC. ^aCumque in omnibus rebus vim haberent maximam prima & extrema, principemin sacrificando IANVM esse voluerunt, quod^b ab eundo nomen est deductum:ex quo transitiones peruiæ IANI, foresque in liminibus profanarum ædium, Ianuanominatur, &c. As also the charge and custodie of the whole world, by OVID:

About his foure heads he had a wreathe of gold, in which was grauen this

verse,

Signifying, that though he had foure faces, yet he thought them not e-

nough to behold the greatnesse and glorie of that day: beneath vnder

the head was written,

For being open he was stil'd PATVLCIVS, but then vpon the comming

of his maiestie, being to be shut, he was to be called CLVSIVS. Vpon the

outmost front of the building was placed the intire armes of the kingdom

with the garter, crowne, and supporters, cut forth as faire and great as the

life, with an Hexastich written vnder-neath, all expressing the dignitie, and

power of him that should close that temple.

In a great freeze, below, that ranne quite along the bredth of the building,

were written ^{these two verses out of HORACE.}

The first and principall person in the temple, was

or Peace, shee was placed aloft in a Cant, her attyre white, semined with

starres, her haire loose and large: a wreathe of oliue on her head, on her

shoulder a siluer doue: in her left hand, shee held forth an oliue branch,

with a handfull of ripe eares, in the other a crowne of lawrell, as notes

of victorie and plentie. By her stood

or Wealth, ^{a little boy, bare headed, his locks curled, and spangled with gold,}

of a fresh aspect, his body almost naked, sauing some rich robe cast ouer

him; in his armes a heape of gold Ingots to expresse riches, whereof hee

is the god. Beneath her feet lay

or MARS, groueling, his armour scattered vpon him in seuerall pieces, and

sundrie sorts of weapons broken about him, her word to all was

signifying that peace alone was better, and more to be coueted then innu-

numerable triumphs, besides, vpon the right hand of her, but with some little

descent, in a Hemicycle was seated

or Quiet, the first hand-maid of peace; a woman of a graue and venera-

ble aspect, attyred in black, vpon her head an artificiall nest, out of which

appeared storkes heads to manifest a sweet repose. Her feete were placed

vpon a cube, to shew stabilitie, and in her lap shee held a perpendicular or

leuell, as the ensigne of euennesse and rest: on the top of it sate a Halcion or

kings-fisher. Shee had lying at her feet

or Tumult, in a garment of diuers, but darke colours, her haire wilde, and

disordered, a foule and troubled face, about her lay staues, swords, ropes,

chaines, hammers, stones, and such like to expresse Turmoile. The word

was,

Claud. Quod violenta nequit: mandataque fortius vrget

To shew the benefits of a calme and facile power, being able to effect in

a state that, which no violence can. On the other side the second hand-

maide was

or Libertie, her dressing white, and some-what antique, but loose and free:

her haire flowing downe her backe, and shoulders: In her right hand shee

bare a club, on her left a hat, the Characters of freedome, and power: At her

feet a cat was placed, the creature most affecting, and expressing libertie.

She trode on

or Seruitude, a woman in old and worne garments, leane and meager, bea-

ring fetters on her feet, and hands, about her necke a yoake to insinuate

bondage, and the word

Alluding to that other of Claud.

And intimated, that libertie could neuer appeare more gracefull, and loue-

ly then now vnder so good a prince. The third hand-maid was

or Safetie, a damsell in carnation, the colour signifying cheare, and life, shee

sat high: vpon her head she wore an antique helme, and in her right hand

a speare for defence, in her left a cup for Medicine: at her feet was set a pe-

destall vpon which a serpent rowld vp did lie. Beneath was

or Danger, a woman dispoiled, and almost naked, the little garment shee

hath left her, of seuerall colours, to note her various disposition. Besides

her lies a torch out, and a sword broken (the instruments of her furie) with

a net and wolues skinne (the ensignes of her malice) rent in pieces. The

word,

Borrowed from Mart, and implying that now all feares haue turnd their

backes, and our safetie might become securitie, danger being so wholly de-

prest, and vnfurnisht of all meanes to hurt. The fourth attendant is,

or Felicity, varied on the second hand, and apparelled richly; in an embroi-

dered robe, and mantle: a faire golden tresse. In her right hand a Cadu-

ceus, the note of peacefull wisedome: in her left, a Cornucopia fill'd onely

with flowers, as a signe of florishing blessednesse; and crownd with a gar-

land of the same. At her feet,

or Vnhappinesse, a woman bareheaded, her necke, armes, brest, and feete na-

ked, her looke hollow and pale; she holds a Cornucopia turned downward

with all the flowers falne out and scattered, vpon her sits a rauen, as the

augury of ill fortune: and the soule was

^{Out of Virgil,} to shew that now those golden times were returned againe,

wherein Peace was with vs so aduanced, Rest receiued, Libertie restored,

Safetie assured, and all Blessednesse appearing in euery of these vertues her

particular triumph ouer her opposite euill. This is the dumbe argument

of the frame, and illustrated with this verse of Virgil, written in the vnder

freeze.

The speaking part was performed, as within the temple where there was

erected an altar, to which at the approch of the king appeares the Flamen

And to him,

The Genius we attired before: To the Flamen we appoint this habit. A

long crimson robe to witnesse his nobilitie, his typpet and sleeues white,

as reflecting on purity in his religion, a rich mantle of golde with a traine

to expresse the dignitie of his function. Vpon his head a ^c hat of delicate

wooll, whose top ended in a cone, and was thence called Apex, according

to that of Lucan. lib. I.

This Apex was couered with a ^d fine net of yearne which they named Api-

culum, and was sustained with a ^e bowd twigge of Pomegranat tree, it was

also in the hot time of Summer to be bound with ribands, and throwne be-

hind them as ^fScaliger teacheth. In his hand he bore a golden censor with

perfume, and censing about the altar (hauing first kindled his fire on the

toppe) is interrupted by the Genius.

Ouer the Altar was written

this Inscription:

THe Inuention was a Raine-bow, the Moone, Sunne, and those se-

uen starres, which antiquitie hath styl'd the Pleiades, or Vergiliæ,

aduanced betweene two magnificent Pyramid's, of 70. foot in

height, on which were drawne his Maiesties seuerall pedigrees Eng. and

Scot. To which bodie (being fram'd before) we were to apt our soule. And

finding that one of these seuen lights, Electra, is rarely or not at all to be

seene, (as Ouid. lib. 4. Fast. affirmeth.

And by and by after,

^{And Festus Auien.}

And beneath

We ventred to follow this authoritie; and made her the speaker: pre-

senting her hanging in the ayre, in figure of a Comet; according to Ano-

nymus.Electra non sustinens videre casum pronepotum fugerit; vnde & il-

lam dissolutis crinibus propter luctum ire asserunt, & propter comas quidam

Cometen appellant.