THE
CHARACTERS
of
Two royall Masques.
The one of BLACKNESSE,
The other of BEAVTIE.
personated
By the most magnificent of Queenes
ANNE
Queene of great Britaine, &c.
With her honorable Ladyes,
1605. and 1608.
at White hall:
and
Inuented by BEN: IONSON.
Ouid. —Salue festa dies, melior[que] reuertere semper.

Imprinted at London for Thomas Thorp, and are to
be sold at the signe of the Tigers head
in Paules Church-yard.

THE
QVEENES
MASQVES.

The first, of Blacknesse: personated at the
Court, at White-Hall, on the
Twelu'th night.
1605.

THE honor, and splendor of

these Spectacles was such in

the performance, as could

those houres haue lasted, this

of mine, now, had beene a

most vnprofitable worke: But

(when it is the fate, euen of

the greatest, and most absolute births, to need,

and borrow a life of posterity) little had beene

done to the study of magnificence in these, if

presently with the rage of the people, who (as

a part of greatnesse) are priuiledged by Cu-

stome, to deface their carkasses, the spirits had

also perished. In dutie, therefore, to that Ma-

iestie, who gaue them their authoritie, and

grace; and, no lesse then the most royall of pre-

decessors, deserues eminent celebration for

these solemnities: I adde this later hand, to re-

deeme them as well from ignorance, as enuie,

two common euils, the one of Censure, the other

of Obliuion.

a PLINIE, b SOLINVS, c PTOLOMAEE, and of late

LEO dthe African, remember vnto vs a riuer

in Æthiopia, famous by the name of Niger;

of which the people were called Nigrite, now

Negro's: & are the blackest nation of the world.

This e riuer taketh spring out of a certain Lake,

east-ward; & after a long race, falleth into the

westerne Ocean. Hence (because it was her Ma-

iesties will, to haue them Black-mores at first) the

inuention was deriued by me, & presented thus.

First, for the Scene, was drawne a Landtschape,

consisting of small woods, and here and there

a voide place filld with huntings; which falling,

an artificiall Sea was seene to shoote forth, as

if it flowed to the land, raised with waues, which

seemed to mooue, and in some places the billow

to breake, as imitating that orderly disorder,

which is common in nature. In front of this Sea

were placed sixe fTritons, in mouing, & spright-

ly actions, their vpper parts humane, saue that

their haires were blew, as pertaking of the Sea-

colour: their desinent parts, fishe, mounted

aboue their heads, and all varied in disposition.

From their backs were borne out certaine light

pieces of Taffata, as if carried by the winde, and

their Musique made out of wreathed shels. Be-

hinde these, a paire of Sea-Maides, for song, were

as conspicuously seated; betweene which, two

great Sea-horses (as bigge as the life) put forth

themselues; the one mounting aloft, & writhing

his head from the other, which seemed to sinck

forwards; so intended for variation, & that the

Figure behind, might come of better: g vpon

their backs, OCEANVS & NIGER were aduanced.

OCEANVS, presented in a humane forme, the co-

lour of his flesh, blew; and shadowed with a

robe of Sea-greene; his head grey, & h horned;

as he is described by the Antients: his beard of

the like mixt colour. he was gyrlonded with Al-

ga, or Sea-grasse; and in his hand a Trident.

NIGER, in forme and colour of an Æthiope;

his haire, and rare beard curled, shadowed with

a blew, and bright mantle: his front, neck, and

wrists adorned with Pearle, and crowned, with

an artificiall wreath of Cane, and Paper-rush.

These induced the Masquers, which were

twelue Nymphs, Negro's; and the daughters of

NIGER; attended by so many of the i OCEANIAE

which were their Light-bearers.

The Masquers were placed in a great concaue

shell, like mother of Pearle, curiously made to

moue on those waters, and rise with the billow;

the top therof was stuck with a cheu'rō of lights,

which, indented to the proportion of the shell,

strooke a glorious beame vpon them, as they

were seated, one aboue another : so that they

were all seene, but in an extrauagant order.

On sides of the shell, did swim sixe huge Sea-

monsters, varied in their shapes, and dispositions,

bearing on their backs the twelue Torch bearers;

who were planted there in seuerall graces; so

as the backs of some were seene; some in purfle,

or side; others in face; & all hauing their lights

burning out of Whelks, or Murex shels.

The attire of the Masquers was alike, in all,

without difference: the colours, Azure, and

Siluer; but returned on the top with a scrole

and antique dressing of Feathers, and Iewels

interlaced with ropes of Pearle. And, for the

front, eare, neck, and wrists, the ornament was

of the most choise and orient Pearle; best set-

ting of from the black.

For the Light bearers, Sea-greene, waued

about the skirts with gold and siluer: their

hayre loose, and flowing, gyrlanded with Sea-

grasse, and that stuck with branches of Corall.

These thus presented, the Scene behind, see-

med a vast Sea(and vnited with this that flowed

forth)from the terminaton, or horizon of which

(being the leuell of the State, which was placed

in the vpper end of the Hall) was drawne, by

the lines of Prospectiue, the whole worke shoo-

ting downewards, from the eye; which decorum

made it more conspicuous, and caught the eye

a far of with a wandring beauty. To which was

added an obscure and cloudy night-piece, that

made the whole set of. So much for the bodily

part. Which was of Maister YNIGO IONES

his designe, and act.

By this, one of the Tritons, with the two Sea-

Maides, began to sing to the others lowd Mu-

sique, their voyces being a tenor, and two

trebles.

 
SONG.

SOund,sound aloud

The welcome of the orient Floud,

Into the West;

Fayre, NIGER, ksonne to great OCEANVS,

Now honord, thus,

With all his beauteous race:

Who, though but black in face,

Yet, are they bright,

And full of life, and light.

To proue that, Beauty best,

Which not the colour, but the feature

Assures vnto the creature.

OCEANVS.

BE silent, now the Ceremonies done.

And NIGER, say, how comes it, louely Sonne,

That thou, the ÆTHIOPES Riuer, so farre East,

Art seene to fall into th' extreamest West

Of me, the King of flouds, OCEANVS,

And, in mine Empires heart, salute me, thus?

My ceaselesse current, now amazed stands!

To see thy labor, through so many lands,

lMixe thy fresh billow, with my brackishe streame;

And, in thy sweetnesse, stretch thy diademe,

To these farre distant, and vn-equall'd skies

This squared Circle of cœlestiall bodies:

NIGER.

Diuine OCEANVS, tis not strange at all,

That(since the immortal soules of creatures mortal,

Mixe with their bodies, yet reserue for euer

A powre of seperation) I should seuer

My fresh streames, from thy brackish (like things

fixed)

Though, with thy powerful saltnes, thus far mixed.

”Vertue, though chain'd to earth, will still liue free;

”And Hell it selfe must yeeld to industry.

OCEANVS.

BVt, what's the end of thy Herculean labors,

Extended to these calme, and blessed shores?

NIGER.

TO do a kind, and carefull Fathers part,

In satisfiyng euery pensiue heart

Of these my Daughters, my most loued birth:

Who though they were the m first form'd Dames of earth

And in whose sparckling, and refulgent eyes,,

The glorious Sunne did still delight to rise;

Though he (the best Iudge, and most formall Cause

Of all Dames beauties) in their firme hewes, drawes

Signes of his feruent'st Loue; and thereby shewes

That, in their black, the perfectst beauty growes;

Since the fix't colour of their curled haire,

(Which is the highest grace of dames most faire)

No cares, no age can change; or there display

The fearefull tincture of abhorred Gray;

Since Death hir selfe(hir selfe being pale & blew)

Can neuer alter their most faith-full hew;

All which are arguments, to proue, how far

Their beauties conquer, in great Beauties warre;

And more, how neere Diuinity they be,

That stand from passion, or decay so free.

Yet, since the fabulous voyces of some few

Poore brain-sicke men, stil'd Poets, here with you,

Haue, with such enuy of their graces, sung

The painted Beauties, other Empires sprung;

Letting their loose, and winged fictions fly

To infect all clymates, yea our purity;

As of onenPHAETON,that fir'd the world

And, that, before his heedles flames were hurld

About the Globe, the Æthiopes were as faire,

As other Dames; now blacke, with blacke dispaire:

And in respect of their complexctions chang'd,

Are each where, since, for o luckles creatures rang'd.

Which, when my Daughters heard,(as women are

Most iealous of their beauties) feare, and care

Posess'd them whole; yea, and beleeuing pthem,

They wept such ceasles teares, into my streame,

That it hath, thus far, ouerflow'd his shore

To seeke them patience: who haue since, ere more

As the Sunne riseth, q chardg'd his burning throne

With volleys of reuilings; cause he shone

On their scorch'd cheekes, with such intemperate fires,

And other Dames, made Queenes of all desires.

To frustrate which strange error, oft, I sought,

(Though most in vaine, against a setled thought

As womens are) till they confirm'd at length

By miracle, what I, with so much strength

Of argument resisted; els they fain'd:

For in the Lake, where their first spring they gain'd,

As they sate, cooling their soft Limmes, one night,

Appear'd a Face, all circumfus'd with light;

(And sure they saw't, for Æthiopesrneuer dreame)

Wherein they might decipher through the streame,

These words.

That they a Land must forth with seeke,

Whose termination (of the Greeke)

Sounds TANIA; where bright Sol, that heat

Their blouds, doth neuers rise, or set,

But in his Iourney passeth by,

And leaues that Clymat of the sky,

To comfort of a greater Light,

Who formes all beauty, with his sight.

In search of this, haue we three Princedomes past,

That speake out Tania, in their accents last;

Blacke Mauritania, first; and secondly,

Swarth Lusitania; next, we did descry

Rich Aquitania: and, yet, cannot find

The place vnto these longing Nymphes design'd.

Instruct, and ayde me, great OCEANVS,

What Land is this, that now appeares to vs?

OCEANVS.

This Land, that lifts into the temperate Ayre

His snowy cliffe, ist Albion the fayre;

So call'd ofuNeptunes Son, who ruleth here:

For whose deare guard, my selfe, (foure thousand yeare)

Since old Deucalion's daies, haue walk'd the round

About his Empire, proud, to see him crown'd

Aboue my waues.

At this, the Moone was discouered in the vp-

per part of the house, triumphant in a Siluer

throne, made in figure of a Pyramis. Her gar-

mentsWhite, and Siluer, the dressing of her head

antique; & crown'd with a Luminarie, or Sphære

of light: which striking on the clouds, and

heightned with Siluer, reflected as naturall

clouds do by the splendor of the Moone. The

Heauen, about her, was vaulted with blew silke,

and set with Starres of Siluer which had in

them their seuerall lights burning. The sud-

daine sight of which, made NIGER to interrupt

OCEANVS, with this present passion.

NIGER.

O see, our siluer Starre!*

Whose pure, auspicious light greetes vs, thus farre!

Great Æthiopia, Goddesse of our shore,

Since, with particular worshippe we adore

Thy generall brightnesse, let particular grace

Shyne on my zealous Daughters: Shew the place,

Which, long, their Longings vrdg'd their eyes to see.

Beautifie them, which long haue Deified thee.

ÆTHIOPIA.

NIGER, be glad: Resume thy natiue cheare.

Thy Daughters labors haue their period here,

And so thy errors. I was that bright Face

Reflected by the Lake, in which thy Race

Read mysticke lines; (which skill PITHAGORAS

First taught to men, by a reuerberate glasse)

This blessed Isle doth with that TANIA end,

Which there they saw inscrib'd, and shall extend

Wish'd satisfaction to their best desires.

BRITANIA, which the triple world admires,

This Isle hath now recouered for her name;

Where raigne those Beauties, that with so much fame

The sacred MVSES Sonnes haue honored,

And from bright HESPERVS to EOVS spred.

With that great name BRITANIA, this blest Isle

Hath wonne her ancient dignitie, and stile,

A World, diuided from the world: and tri'd

The abstract of it, in his generall pride.

For were the World, with all his wealth, a Ring,

BRITANIA (whose new name makes all tongues sing)

Might be a Diamant worthy to inchase it,

Rul'd by a SVNNE, that to this height doth grace it:

Whose Beames shine day, and night, and are of force

To blanche an ÆTHIOPE, and reuiue a Cor's.

His light scientiall is, and (past mere nature)

Can salue the rude defects of euery creature.

Call forth thy honor'd Daughters, then;

And let them, 'fore the Brittaine men,

Indent the Land, with those pure traces

They flow with, in their natiue graces.

Inuite them, boldly, to the shore,

Their Beauties shalbe scorch'd no more:

This Sunne is temperate, and refines

All things, on which his radiance shines.

Here the Tritons sounded, & they daunced on

shore, euery couple (as they aduanced) seuerally

presenting their Fans: in one of which were in-

scribed their mixt Names, in the other a mute

Hieroglyphick, expressing their mixed quallities.

Which manner of Symbole I rather chose, then

Imprese, as well for strangenesse, as relishing of

antiquity, and more applying to that originall

doctrine of sculpture, which the Ægiptians are

said, first, to haue brought from the Æthiopians.*

The Names.
The Queene.
Co:of Bedford
.
1 EVPHORIS.
AGLAIA.
La: Herbert.
Co: of Derby
.
2 DIAPHANE.
EVCAMPSE.
La: Riche.
Co: of Suffolke
3 OCYTE.
KATHARE.
The Symboles.
1 A golden Tree, la-
denwith fruict.
2 The figure Isocae-
dron
of cristall.
3 A paire of naked
feet, in a Riuer.
La: Beuill.
La: Effingham
.
4 NOTIS.
PSYCHROTE.
4 The Salamander
simple.
La: El: Howard.
La: Sus:Vere
.
5 GLYCYTE.
MALACITA.
5 A clowd full of
raine, dropping.
La: Wroth.
La: Walsingham
6 BARYTE.
PERIPHERE.
6 An vrne' spheard
with wine.

The names of the OCEANIAE
were.

  • DORIS.
  • PETRAEA.
  • OCYRHOE.
  • CYDIPPE.
  • GLAVCE.
  • TYCHE.
  • BEROE.
  • ACASTE.
  • CLYTIA.
  • IANTHE.
  • LYCORYS.
  • PLEXAVRE.

Their owne single Daunce ended, as they were

about to make choice of their Men: One, from

the Sea, was heard to call'hem with this charme,

sung by a tenor voyce.

SONG.

COme away, come away,

We grow iealous of your stay:

If you do not stop your eare,

We shall haue more cause to feare

Syrens of the land, then they

To doubt the Syrens of the Sea.

Here they daunc'd with their men, seuerall

measures, and corranto's. All which ended, they

were againe accited to sea, with a Song of two

Trebles, whose cadences were iterated by a

double Eccho, from seuerall parts of the Land.

SONG.

DAughters of the subtle Flood,

Do not let Earth longer intertayne you;

1. Ecch. Let Earth longer intertaine you.

2. Ecch, Longer intertaine you.

'Tis to them, inough of good,

That you giue this litle hope, to gaine you

1. Ecch. Giue this litle, hope to gaine you.

2. Ecch. Little hope, to gaine you.

If they loue,

You shall quickly see;

For when to flight you mooue,

They'll follow you, the more you flee

1. Ecch. follow you, the more you flee.

2. Ecch. The more you flee.

If not, impute it each to others matter;

They are but Earth,

1. Ecch:but earth

2. Ecch: earth

& what you vowd was Water.

1. Ecch. And what you vow'd was Water.

2. Ecc: You vow'd was Water.

AETHIOPIA.

INough, bright Nymphes, the night growes old,

And we are greiu'd, we can not hold

You longer light: But comfort take.

Your Father, onely, to the Lake

Shall make returne: Your selues with feasts,

Must here remaine the Ocean's guests.

Nor shall this vayle, the Sunne hath cast

Aboue your bloud, more Summers last.

For which, you shall obserue these rites.

Thirteene times thrise, on thirteene nightes,

(So often as I fill my Sphære

With glorious light, throughout the yeare)

You shall (when all things els do sleepe

Saue your chast thoughts)with reuerence, steepe

Your bodies in that purer brine,

And wholsome dew call'd Ros-marine:

Then with that soft, and gentler fome,

Of which the Ocean, yet, yeelds some,

Whereof bright Venus, Beauties Queene,

Is sayd to haue begotten beene,

You shall your gentler limmes ore-laue,

And for your paynes, perfection haue.

So that this night, the yeare gone round,

You do againe salute this ground;

And, in the beames of yond' bright Sunne,

Your faces dry, and all is done.

At which in a Daunce they returned to the

Sea, where they tooke their Shell;and, with this

full Song, went out.

SONG.

NOw Dian, with her burning face,

Declines apace:

By which our Waters know

To ebbe, that late did flow.

Backe Seas, backe Nymphes; but, with a forward grace,

Keepe, still, your reuerence to the place:

And shout with ioy of fauor, you haue wonne,

in sight of Albion, Neptunes Sonne.

So ended the first Masque, which (beside the

singular grace of Musicke and Daunces) had that

successe in the nobility of performance; as no-

thing needes to the illustration, but the memo-

ry by whome it was personated.

Natu. Hist. lib. 5 cap. S.
Poly. hist. cap. 40. & 43.
Lib 4.cap. 5
Descrip. Afric.
Some take it to be the same with Nilus, which is by Lucan called Milas, signifyingNiger. Howsoeuer, Plinie, in the place aboue noted, hath this: Nigri flu-uio eadem na-tura, que Nilo, calamum, papy-rum, & easdem gignit animan-tes. See Solin.. aboue menti-oned.
The forme of these Tritõs, with their trumpets, you may read liue-ly describd, in Ouid. Metam. lib. I. Cæruleũ Tritona vocat &c, and in Virgil. Aeneid. lib. 10. Huns vebit immanis Triton. & se-quent.
Lucian in PHTOP. Aduo. pretents Nilus so. Eque fluuiatili insidentem. And Statius Neptune, in Theb.
The Antients induc'd Oceanus alwayes with a Buls head: propter vim ventorũ, a qui-bus incitatur, & impellitur: vel quia Tauras sinilem fremilû emittat, vel quia tanquam Taurus furibundus, in littora seratur. Euripid. in Oreste. 'ntaros or . And Riuers somtimes were so call'd. Looke Virg.de Tibiri,et Eridane. Geor.4. Aeneid.8. Hor. car.lib.4.Ode. 14.and Eurip. in Jon[unclear].
The Daughters of Oceanus, & Tetbys. See Hesiod. in Theogo. Orphe. in Hym, and Virgil in Georgis. .
All Riuers are sayd to be the sonnes of the Ocean:for, as the Anti-ents thought, out of the va-pours, exhaled by the heate of the Sunne, Riuers, and Fountaines were begot-ten. And both by Orph. in Hymn. and Ho-mer Jliad. § Oceanus is ce-lebratedtan-quam Pater,& origo dijs, & rebus, quia ni-hil sine humec-tationenasci-tur, aut puires-cit.
There wants not inough, in nature, to au-thorise this part of our fiction, in se-peratingNi-ger, from the Ocean, (beside the fable of Alpheus, and that, to which Virgil alludes of Arethusa in his IO. Eclog. Sic tibi, cum fluctus subterlabere Sicanos, Doris ama-ra suam non intermisceat vndam) examples of Nilus, Iordan, and others, whereof see Nican. lib. I. de flumin. and Plut. in vita Syllæ. euen of this our riuer (as some thinke) by the name of Melas.
Read Diod. Sicul.lib.3.It is a coniec-ture of the old Ethnicks, that they, which dwell vnder the South, were the first begotten of the earth.
Notissima fa-bula. Ouid. Met.lib.2.
Alluding to that of Juue-nall, Satir. 5. ct cui per me-diam nolis oc-currere noc-tem.
The Poets.
A custome of the Aethi-opes, notable in Herod. and Di-od. Sic. See Pli-nie. Nat.Hist. lib. 5.cap.8.
Plin. ibid.
Consult with Tacitus, in vita Agric. and the Paneg. adConstant.
The Aethio- | pianswor- | shipd the Moone, by that | surname. See | Stepha. περι | πóεòν/>. in voce | ΑΙ'ΘΙΟΠΙ- | ΟΝ and his | reasons.
Orpheus in his Argonaut. calls it Asonãio[unclear]
Alluding to that rite of stiling Princes, after the name of their Princedomes: so is he still Albion, and Neptunes sonne that gouernes. As also his being deare to Nep-tune in be-ing so em-brac'd by him.
Diod. Sicul. | Herod.
Hesiod. in | Theog.