Letter 17, to the Earl of Newcastle (1631)

 Letter 17, to William Cavendish, Earl of Newcastle

Another letter


My noble and most honoured Lord,

 I myself, being no substance, am fain to trouble you with shadows; or what is less,

an  apologue, or fable in a dream. I, being strucken with the palsy in the year 1628,

had by  Sir Thomas Badger some few months since a fox sent me for a present;

which creature, by handling, I endeavoured to make tame, as well for the abating 5

of my disease as the delight I took in  speculation of his nature. It happened this

present year 1631, and this very week, being the week ushering Christmas, and

this Tuesday morning in a dream  (and morning dreams are truest) to have one of

my servants come up to my bedside and tell me, ‘Master, master, the fox speaks.’

Whereat, methought, I started; and troubled, went down into the yard to witness 10

the wonder.  There I found my Reynard, in his tenement, the tub I had hired for

him, cynically expressing his own lot, to be condemned to the house of a poet,

where nothing was to be seen but the bare walls, and not anything heard but

the noise of a saw,  dividing billets all the week long, more to keep the family in

exercise than to comfort any person there with fire, save the paralytic master; and 15

went on in this way, as the fox seemed the better fabler of the two. I, his master,

began to give him good words, and stroke him; but Reynard, barking, told me

those would not do, I must give him meat. I, angry, called him stinking vermin.

He replied, ‘Look into your cellar, which is your larder, too; you’ll find a worse

vermin there.’ When presently, calling for a light, methought I went down and 20

found all the floor turned up, as if a colony of moles had been there, or an army of

 saltpetre men. Whereupon I sent presently into  Tuttle Street for the King’s most

excellent mole-catcher to relieve me, and hunt them. But he when he came and

viewed the place, and had well marked the earth turned up, took a handful, smelt

to it, and said: ‘Master, it is not in my power to destroy this vermin; the King, or 25

some good man of a noble nature must help you. This kind of mole is called a

 want, which will destroy you and your family, if you prevent not the working of

it in time; and therefore, God keep you and send you health.’

The interpretation both of the fable and dream is that I, waking, do find want

the worst and most working vermin in a house; and therefore, My noble Lord 30

and (next the King) my best patron, I am necessitated to tell it you. I am not so

impudent to borrow any sum of Your Lordship, for I have no faculty to pay; but

my needs are such, and so urging, as I do beg what your bounty can give me, in

the name of good letters, and the bond of an ever-grateful and acknowledging

servant 35

To your honour,

B. Jonson

Westminster 20mo Decembris

1631


 Yesterday the barbarous Court of Aldermen have withdrawn their    chandlerly 40

pension for  verjuice and mustard, £33.6s.8d.

Letter 17 Harley MS.4955, fols. 203v–204. For the context of this letter, see Letter 16, headnote. [Editor: Ian Donaldson]
2–3 I myself . . . dream Dreams were commonly figured as ‘shadows’, in contrast to the ‘substance’ of waking life. Cf. Guildenstern: ‘Which dreams are indeed ambition; the very substance of the ambitious is merely the shadow of a dream.’ Hamlet: ‘A dream itself is but a shadow’ (Ham., 2.2.257–60). Jonson humorously suggests he is wasting away.
3 apologue ‘an allegorical story intended to convey a useful lesson; a moral fable’, esp. one involving animals (OED).
4 Sir Thomas Badger Master of the King’s Harriers from 1605; reputed to have created the finest breed of bulldogs in Britain. Badger took part in Campion’s The Lord Hay’s Masque in 1607, and in Jonson’s Barriers in 1610.
6 speculation contemplation.
8 (and . . . truest) Cf. Horace, Sat. 1.10.33, ‘post mediam noctem visus, cum somnia vera,’ ‘after midnight, when dreams are true’; Love Restored, 300.
11–12 There . . . lot Jonson wittily likens the fox in his kennel to the Cynic philosopher Diogenes (c. 400–325 BC), who is said to have lived in an earthenware tub.
14 dividing billets cutting firewood.
22 saltpetre men workers looking for saltpetre (potassium nitrate), used for the manufacture of gunpowder. Cf. Tub, 1.1.13.
22 Tuttle Street Modern Tothill Street, running from Westminster Abbey west to Broadway.
27 want mole (OED, Want n.1); a sense that today survives only in dialect. Cf. similar wordplay in Und. 71.5–6, written in the same year: ‘Want, with the rest of his concealed compeers, / Have cast a trench about me, now, five years’.
40–1 In Sept. 1628 Jonson had been appointed Chronologer to the City of London, with a pension of 100 nobles p.a. (£33 6s 8d). His duties were ‘to collect and set down all memorable acts of this city and occurrences thereof’. The pension was suspended on 10 November 1631 as Jonson had evidently failed to discharge these duties. (‘Yesterday’ suggests tardy delivery of this unwelcome news.) It was restored on 18 September 1634. See Life Records, 75, 83, 87, Electronic Edition.
40 chandlerly] chanderly Harley MS 4955
40 chandlerly Like a chandler or petty shopkeeper.
41 verjuice Acidic juice of unripe fruit, such as grapes or crab-apples.