Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue 19


Biblioteca Nazionale Marciana di Venezia ,
Miscellanea Veneta, It. Classe VII, Codice MCXXII (7451)

A circumstantial report of Pleasure Reconciled to Virtue , written by Orazio Busino, chaplain to the Venetian embassay. It is dated 24 [i.e. 14] Jan. 1618, and occupies pages 72-75.





Prima aggionta dell'Anglipotrida

Appresso l'attestatione di molti scrittori, degni di fede, l'esperienza anco ci insegna, che tutte le Nationi del Mondo sono inclinate alli Trionfi, et ai bagordi, concorrendo uolentieri ne' publici congressi, si per uedere a' rappresentar cose emergenti di nuouo, come ⎡anco⎤ per rammemorar le antiche di loro gusto: et questa sorte di trattenimenti molto giouano alla quiete di Stati, et alla conservatione di essi. Onde li saggi Principi sogliono spesso dar qualche honesta ricreatione alli loro Popoli. Da qui viene, che in Londra, come capo di un floridissimo Regno, si costumano infiniti atti scenici per tutto l'anno, in diuerse regioni della Citta', con una frequenza perpetua di molte persone dedite al buon tempo: le quali uanno la maggior parte uestiti alla grande, et di colore, che paiono, se potessero esser, tutte Principi, ma meglio Comedianti.Nella Corte parimente del Re Serenissimo passato il giorno di Natale, si da' principio ai sontuosi banchetti, alle ben recitate Comedie, et alli balletti leggiadrissimi. di Caualieri. et Dame. Uno famosissimo sopra gli altri balletti, s' assetta la notte segguente della festa de' tre' Maggi, per antico costume di questo Domicilio Regale; oue in una gran salla accomodata a modo di Theatro, con sicurissimi palchi d'ogn'intorno, in uista situata la scena, et in faccia dall' altra parte, ui e' la seggia di Sua Maesta sotto un amplo baldacchino, et uicino de scagni per li Signori Ambasciatori de' Principi. Onde quest'anno che fu' alli 16 del mese corrente di Gennaro Sua Eccellenza fu invitata a' uedere quest' attione ⎡et ballo⎤ allestiti con straordinario studio, et apparecchio, douendo esser il capo, et mantenitor principale, l' istesso unico figliolo della Maes sta' sua, Principe di Vaglia, et successore uenerando di questo Gran Regno, d' eta' di 17 anni incirca, giouine disposto, bello et di molta gratia. Percio' andammo alle 4. hore di notte a Corte, privatamente per la uia del Parco, et entrati nelle Reggie Stanze, l' Eccellenza sua fu' trattenuta alquanto da un principale Caualiere finche le cose fossero perfettamente all' ordine. et noi altri della famiglia tutti profumati andammo con la scorta del Suo Maestro delle Cerimonie nel solito Palco dell' Ambasceria Veneta:doue per mala sorte, stammo cosi stretti et tanto incommodi, che se non fosse stata la curiosita' che ci trattenea, dal gran fiacco conueniua cedere o crepare. et ci sopragionse anco il Malanno, d' un Spagnuolo, che venne nel nostro Palco col fauore del Suo Maestro delle Cerimonie entrando solo, con dos dicchios de plazza, et non arriuammo di correre, che staua più commodo di tutti noi altri, per lo giusto Iddio.
... .insomma con questi corbati me la veggo persa. fu' considerato, ch' erano sparsi per tutte le poste principali, L' Ambasciatore appresso il Re. certi gallani, con le collane al collo fra' li Signori del Consiglio di Stato, altri nel Palco proprio per custodia dell' Ambasciatrice, et il folletto uene in casa nostr<a>. Pure il gusto che si hauea mentre si staua attendendo il Re', in mirare lo apparato, in considerar la bellezza della salla, con due ordini di colonne lontane dal muro, quanto importa il corritore, l'un sopra l' altro, il Dorico che sostiene detto transito, et l' altro Ionico, sopra il quale sta' appoggiato il uol<to> della salla, il tutto e' di legno intagliato et dorato, con molto artificio sino lo istesso corpo delle Colonne; et dal uolto pendono certi fioroni, et angeli di rileuo.Con due fille di lumiere, da douersi accender' a' suo tempo.
Il concorso poi che vi fu', ancorche fanno professione di non lasciar entrar se non gl' inuitati fauoriti, tuttauia ogni palco era pieno, particolarmente di honoratissime et adobatissime Dame al n° di 600 . et piu', per giuditi o di ogn' uno. Uestite Dio buono, di cosi uarij habiti, et inuentati colori, inesplicabili certo, con morbidissi mi penacchi a' trauerso il capo, et nelle mani a' modo di uentaglio et poi in testa dalla parte dinanzi, coronette di gioie, al collo, al petto, ne' centi, et nei uestiti, in tanta quantita' che pareuano tante Regine, in maniera, che nel principio con pochi lumi, a' guisa di un crepuscolo di prima sera, o' pure dell'Alba, il splendor dei Diamanti et altre gioie era cosi' brilante, che pareuano tante stelle. et in spatio di due hore d' otio, hauemmo tempo di mirar ciascheduna se bene io, rispetto alla mia caligante vista, non ho' potuto far scientifico giuditi o da lontano. et mi sono rimesso in tutto e per tutto alli miei Signo ri colleghi, i quali mi hanno riferito, che scuoprivano dei belli, et molto uaghi aspetti, et ogni tratto andauano dicendo, o' guardate questa, o' mirate quella, di chi e' moglie questa terza in ordine, et di chi e' figlia quella gratiosa appresso: Conclusero pero' che fra' il molto grano, u'era anco della bulla et della paglia mescolata insieme: cioe' delle secchette, secchette, et delle molto diuote di san Carlo. Ma' che le belle veramen te sono in superlatiuo grado, et io seben vecchio, et mezo ciecco ho' sottoscritto all' assai ragioneuole decreto. L' habito uario di queste signore e' molto bello, a' chi piace, et alcuno d' essi e' buono per occultar i diffetti della natura, poiche di dietro pende quasi dal collo con certe manichette lunghe, et strette sino in terra, senza casso, et increspate; et in questo modo qualsivoglia mostruosa gobba sta nascosta. il Verdugale poi, fa' anco egli la sua parte , . Le carnute, et grasse portano il petto scoperto purassai, et le ma ⎡g⎤ re uanno serrate sino al collo, tutte con le sue scarpe da huomo, o' pure con pianellette molto basse. La mascheretta in faccia, serue loro, come ne' conuiti il pane; ma in questi publici spettacoli le mettono da parte uolentieri.
Intorno alle 6 hore di notte, comparue Sua Maesta' con la sua Corte, ⎡essendo⎤ passata per le stanze doue si tratteneuano li Signori Ambasciatori et li condusse gratiosamen te seco, cioe' quello di Spagna con questo di Uenetia, non toccando per questa uolta l' alternatiua a quel di Francia, rispetto alla competenza loro.Nell' entrata della stanza, cominciorno a' sonar li Piffari et i Tromboni, al numero di quindeci o' uenti, molto bene, a' modo di ricercate di contrapunto musicale. Messasi a' sedere Sua Maesta' sotto il baldachino non ui essendo la Regina per esser alquanto indisposta, fece poi sedere sopra dui scagni li Signori Ambasciatori et di fuori sedeuano sopra certi banchi li Signori Titolati et quelli che attendono al Magistrato. Subito il Suo GranCiamberlano fece far largo et nel mezo della Salla riusci’ un bello, et spatioso campo qual tutto era fodrato di pano uerde: fecero cader in un moment<o> una gran Teda, fatta con pittura a’ modo d’ un Padiglione d’ oro con le sue franze grandi, et nel uano c’ era tela azzura tutta tempestata di stelle d’ oro, La qual chiudeua la scena nel primo aspetto; rimossa questa Comparue prima il Monte di Atlante, et uedeuasi solo la testa di lui grandissima nella cima sotto l’ istesso uolto del salone: la qual giraua gli occhi, et se stessa, con assai bell’ artificio. Et per far poi riuscir tanto piu’ uaggo, et leggiadro il principal balletto, et mascherata, fecero comparer alcune Momarie nel primo atto, come sarebbe a’ dir’ il Dio Bacco grassissimo sopra un carro, tirato da quattro uestiti alla lunga, li quali cantarono sotto uoce dinanzi a’ sua Maesta’. C’era un altro a’ piedi, pur grasso uestito de rosso alla corta, che parlo’, et nel discorso andaua orzando a’ modo d’ imbriacco, con la tazza in mano, che rassembraua d’ esser il Coppiere dell’ istesso Bacco, riusci’ assai leggiero, et goffo questo primo incontro. doppo seguitarono dodeci strauaganti mascherati, uno posto in una Botte per trauerso, et gli altri, in certi gran fiaschi di uimeni molto ben fatti, et ballaron a’ suon di Piffari, et tromboni per un pezzo con gesti uarij et strauaggantissimi. Doppo uenne un homazzo grande in forma d’ Hercole con la sua claua, il qual fece la lota con Antheo, et altre cose, poi comparuero dodeci putti mascherati, che pareuano tanti ranocchi, ballarono similmente con diuersi gesti sciocchi, et in un momento caduti ciascheduno a’ terra, furono scacciati dal detto Hercole, piu’ che in fretta. Si apri il Monte con il girar di due porte, et si uide fra’ monticelli sorger l’Aurora, in capo d’ una prospettiva lontana, sendoui poste dai lati alcune finte colonne d’ oro, per far maggiore il sfondo. Comparue dinanzi al Re’ Mercurio, il qual fece un discorso, et poi uenne un Musico con Chittarone uestito alla lunga, et sonando canto’ con qualche dispositione di gorga, dinotando d’ esser qualche nume, et nella scena poi comparuero molti Musici uestiti alla lunga da sacerdoti di rosso con certe Mitre d’ oro et inmezo c’ era una Dea uestita d’ habito candido et lungo. Cantarono alcune cossette, non intese da noi, ben’ e’ uero, che l’ attione non passo’ con molto garbo, massime a’ gusto nostro, come suogliasi delle gratiose, et sonore musiche d’ Italia.
Comparuero finalmente. ui. Caualieri Mascherati, uestiti a’ liurea, sei con le calze intiere sguarde, con li braggoni formati di liste, o’ falde di raso bianco, et fornite d’ oro et d’argento: et sei altri, con le braghesse sotto il ginocchio, con le calcette pure incarnatine, et scarpe bianche. il giuppone accompagnaua bene, et era fatto a’ modo di corsaletto alla Romana antica, et in testa haueano capigliera, corona, et penacchiera bianca molto grande, et nella faccia una mascheretta negra. Tutti questi discessero uniti dalla scena a’ modo di piramide, con spuntar sempre primo il solo Principe. fermati a terra, subito si senti’ la Musica de Uiolini, con le sue parti sonore, al numero certo di piu’ di 25 o’ trenta, tutti in un palco. fatta la riuerenza a’ Sua Maesta’ cominciorno a’ ballare con quel medesimo ordine per un pezzo, con molto a’ tempo, et con uarieta’ di cose, et poi s’ andauano muttando in diuerse forme fra di loro, sempre concludendo ⎡il salto⎤ uniti, finito questo, ciaschedun prese la sua Dama, Il Signor Principe s’ accoppio’ con la principal Signora che si ritrouaua fra’ quelle, ch’ erano disposte in ordinanza per ballare; et gli altri di mano in mano; con regolato termine di far la riuerenza prima a’ Sua Maesta’ et poi fra’ di loro, con infalibile osseruanza. fecero tutte le sorti di balletti et Danze, che si costumano in qualsiuoglia paese, a’ modo di passamezzi, correnti, Canarie, spagnolette, et cento altri ⎡gesti⎤ fatti a pizzego molto belli. Ballarono finalmente un’ alla uolta la Spagnoletta con la sua Dama, et perche erano quasi stracchi andauano sorrando; il Re’ come di natura colerica diede in una impacienza, et grido’ forte; perche non si balla, a’ che fine m’ hauete fatto uenir qua’? ⎡ Che ⎤ ’l Diauolo ui porti quanti, sete, ballate. Subito salto’ fuori il Signo r Marchese di Bocchingha<m>Mignon fauoritissim o di Sua Maesta’ con una mano di molto alte, et minutiss<ime>capriole, accompagnate con tanta gratia et leggiadria, che fece ammirar, et inamorar ciaschedu no della sua persona nonche habbe forza di placar l’ ira del suo alterato Signo r. Innanimiti gli altr<i>Mascherati seguitarono a’ far le loro prodezze un doppo l’ altro, con differenti Dame, concludendo pur con capriole, et col leuar da terra la sua Diua. furono numerate sino 34 capriole tagliate una doppo l’ altra da un Caualiere tuttauia niuno arriuo’ alla compita maniera del Marchese. Il Signo r Prencipe nondime no supero’ tutti nelle creanze, essendo stato molto appuntato nel far le riuerenze, alla Maesta’del Re’, et alla Dama con cui danzaua, ne’ mai si uide far un contratempo nel ballare, como forse alcuni altri han fatto.Per l’ eta’ giouenile, non ha ancora molta lena, con tutto ciò ha spiccato alquante capriole con assai garbo, fornito il cimento di questi: dodeci uirtuosi Caualieri doppo hauer superato l’ otio’, et la crapula di Bacco, con prodezza, il Sig or Principe ando’ trionfando a’ baciar le mani al Serenissimo Padre, dal quale fu’ abbracciato, et baciato caramente, et poi honoro’ il Sig nor Marchese, con straordinario affetto, toccandoli la faccia. Si leuo’ da sedere Sua Maesta’ et condusse seco li Signori Ambasciatori passando per una quantita’ di Camere et Gallerie, arriuo’ in una salla, doue era preparata la solita colatione per li recitanti, facendosi portar un lume innanzi, et dato una occhiata tutto intorno la tauola parti’: et subito come tante arpie si auentorno gli interessati alla rapina. La tauola era coperta quasi tutta di Conditti, con molta poca Confettione di zucchero. c’ erano alcune figure grandi, ma erano di Carton dipinto per hornamento. La robba era posta in alcuni tondi, o’ piatti di uetro, et nel primo assalto gettarono a terra il tauolone, et nel fragor dei scudelini di uetro, mi rassembraua appunto di sentire la rottura dei uetri delle finestre, da una gran tempesta nel colmo dell’ estate. Si fini’ l’ historia due hore doppo meza notte; et mezi stuffi, et stracchi ritornammo a’ casa. Se le Vostre Signorie si torzeranno in legger, o’ in sentire questa seccaggine, credino certo, ch’io ancora ne sento nausea in rappresentarla: pure metto in consideratione loro, che se non le piacesse di riceuerla per gusteuol potrida, si compiacino almeno d’ admetterla per un’ insipida minestra purche’ uadi in tauola. et per fine faccio loro humilissima riuerenza.

Translation

As many trustworthy writers testify, and as our own experience teaches us, all nations of the world are attracted to triumphs and revels, willingly flocking to public gatherings to see spectacles both related to recent events and to recollect whatever in the past is to their taste. This kind of entertainment is most conducive to the peace and preservation of states; therefore, wise princes frequently give such suitable recreation to their subjects. So in London , the capital of a most flourishing kingdom, it is customary to have stage performances held throughout the entire year in various parts of the city , and these are always attended by people devoted to pleasure, the most of whom dress grandly and colourfully so that they seem to be, if possible, more like princes or, rather, actors.
Similarly, in His Highness’s court after Christmas day a series of sumptuous banquets, well-performed plays, and graceful masques of knights and ladies is set in motion. One of the most prestigious of the masques is performed the night following the Feast of the Three Kings, according to an ancient custom of this royal household. A great hall is arranged like a theatre, with securely built boxes all around. The stage is placed at one end and facing it at the other end is His Majesty’s throne, under a large canopy with stools close by for the ambassadors of the various princes. On the sixteenth of this current month of January, His Excellency was invited to see this performance and masque, which were conceived and designed with special care, as the chief performer was the only son of His Majesty,the Prince of Wales , the honoured heir to this throne. He is a lively, beautiful, and very graceful young man of about seventeen years. We went there at the fourth hour of the night, walking privately through the park. We entered the royal apartments, and His Excellency was entertained by one of the principal gentlemen until everything was completely ready. We others of his retinue, all perfumed, were escorted by the Master of Ceremonies into the usual box for the Venetian Embassy. Unluckily, we were so crowded and uncomfortable that had it not been for our curiosity we would have given up or expired from the crush. Moreover, we also had the curse of a Spaniard, who entered our box by courtesy of the Master of Ceremonies. He asked for only "two fingers of room"[="caricatured" Spanish], and in the twinkling of an eye, by God, he placed himself more comfortably than all of us. In short, I have lost patience with these crows. It was remarked that they[the Spaniards]were scattered about in all the most important places: the ambassador next to the King ; other gallants with chains round their necks sitting with the Lords of the Council, others in their own box attending the ambassador's wife, and this fellow came into our place.
While waiting for the King , we amused ourselves by admiring the decorations, and observing the beauty of the hall. This has two orders of columns, one on top of the other, whose distance from the wall is the full width of the passage. The upper gallery is supported by Doric columns, and above these the Ionic, which hold up the roof of the hall. It is all of wood, including even the pillars, carved and gilded with great skill. From the roof hang garlands and angels in relief, with two rows of lights, which were to be lit at the proper time.
What a crowd there was! Although they claim that they do not allow anyone in who has not been favoured with an invitation, nevertheless every box was full, especially with most noble and richly dressed ladies, six hundred and more in number, according to most poeple's guess. Good Lord, their dresses were so various and colourful that they cannot be described; the most delicate plumes on their hats and in their hands as fans; strings of jewels on their foreheads and on their necks, on their bosoms, in their girdles, and on their garments, in such quantity that they seemed so many queens. At the beginning, when there were not many lights, as it were in a twilight of dusk or dawn, the splendour of their diamonds and other jewels made them seem like so many stars. During the two hours’ wait, we had time to admire them again and again, though my poor vision did not allow me to form an accurate judgement from a distance. I therefore relied completely upon my gentlemen colleagues, who told me that they made out some very beautiful and graceful faces. At every moment, they would say, ‘Oh, look at this one, oh see that one? Whose wife is that in the third row? Whose daughter is that pretty one nearby?’ They concluded that amidst the large amount of good grain there were also some husks and straw, that is to say, some dried up old ladies and some devotees of Saint Charles , but that the real beauties were of the highest kind. Even though I am old and half-blind, I can attest to this reasonable judgement.
The dress these ladies wear is very beautiful, for those who like it. Some of it is good for hiding natural defects, because in the back it hangs almost from the neck to the ground, with long, tight sleeves, and no waist, and gathered so that any deformity, however monstrous, remains hidden. The farthingale also plays its part. The plump and buxom show their bosoms very openly, and the lean go muffled up to the throat, all of them with men’s shoes, or at least with very low slippers. Face-masks are as important to them as bread at mealtimes, but they are willing to put them aside when they attend these public spectacles.
At about the sixth hour of the night,His Majesty appeared with his court, after having passed through the room where my lords the ambassadors were waiting. He graciously brought them with him, that is the Spanish and Venetian, according to precedence, as this time it was not France’s turn. As soon as they entered the hall, fifteen or twenty fifes[ piffari ]and trumpets began to play, antiphonally and very well.The King took his seat under the canopy.The Queen was not there, as she was indisposed. My lords the ambassadors were made to sit on two stools, and set apart on some benches were noblemen and magistrates.
The Lord Chamberlain promptly cleared the way and a wide and beautiful space, covered with green cloth, appeared in the middle of the hall. They rapidly dropped down a large curtain painted to represent a golden pavilion with a broad fringe, and with a background of blue canvas sprinkled all over with golden stars. This concealed the stage at the beginning, and when it was removed,Mount Atlas appeared. At the peak one could only see his huge head, right under the very roof of the hall. It rolled its eyes and moved itself with wonderful artifice. To make the main ballet and masque seem more lovely and graceful, they had some mummers[ Momarie ]in the first scene, that is, a very fat Bacchus in a chariot, drawn by four men in long gowns who sang sotto voce before His Majesty. There was another man on foot, also fat and dressed in a short red costume, who spoke; and during his speech he went reeling about like a drunkard, cup in hand, seeming to be Bacchus’s cupbearer. This first scene was very light and funny. After that, twelve extravagant masquers followed, one with a wine butt around his middle, the others in great wicker flasks, very well made. They danced for a while to the sound of the fifes and trumpets with a variety of extravagant movements. After them, a huge man came in. He played Hercules with his club, and wrestled with Antaeus and did some other things. Then twelve masked boys appeared who looked like frogs. They danced in that manner with various foolish gestures, and all at once fell to the ground, and were quickly driven off by Hercules.Mount Atlas opened by the turning of two doors, and we saw the dawn rise from behind little hills, in a distant view; some gilded columns were placed along the sides to make the distance seem greater. Then Mercury appeared before the king and made a long speech. Then a musician with a theorbo[ chitarrone ], and dressed in long robe, played and sang some trills, signifying that he was some deity. Then many musicians came, wearing long red costumes and golden mitres like priests; in the middle was a goddess in a long white garment. They sang some songs which we did not understand. It is true that the performance was not very elegant according to our taste, in comparison with the graceful and harmonious music of Italy.
Finally six masked gentlemen appeared, dressed in livery, wearing full hose and breeches with slashes or folds of white satin trimmed with gold and silver; and six more wearing breeches below the knee, their half hose also crimson, and white shoes. Their doublets went well with this, cut in the manner of ancient Roman corselets; and on their heads they had long hair, crowns, and very large white feathers, and black half-masks on their faces. These all descended from the stage together in the figure of a pyramid, with the prince always alone at the apex. When they reached the ground, the music of violins was suddenly heard, to the number of more than twenty-five or thirty, all in a box. When the gentlemen had bowed to His Majesty, they began to dance in tempo and with a variety of steps, keeping the same figure for a while, and then changing places with each other in various ways, always ending their leaps together. After this, each one took his lady. The Prince paired with the principal lady among those who were standing ready to dance, and the others did the same in succession, always making sure that they bowed first to His Majesty and then to each other.
They danced all sorts of ballets and dances of every country, such as passy-measures, corantos, canaries, Spanish dances, and a hundred other beautiful turns to delight the fancy. Finally, they danced the Spanish dance each in turn with his lady, and because they were so tired they began to lag.The King , who has a choleric temper, grew impatient and shouted loudly, ‘Why don’t they dance? What did you make me come here for?Devil take the lot of you, dance!’ At once, the Marquis of Buckingham ,his Majesty’s favourite minion, sprang forward, and danced a handful of high and very elaborate capers with such grace and lightness that he made everyone admire and love him, and also managed to calm the rage of his angry lord. Inspired by this, the other masquers kept on showing their prowess one after another with different ladies, concluding with some final capers, and lifting their goddesses from the ground. We counted thirty-four capers cut one after another by one gentleman, but none matched the accomplished technique of the Marquis. The Prince, however, surpassed them all in his manners, being very formal in bowing both to His Majesty and to the lady with whom he was dancing, nor was he once seen to dance out of step, which cannot perhaps be said for the others. Because of his youth, he does not yet have much stamina; nevertheless, he took some capers with considerable grace.
When these twelve valiant gentlemen had completed their performance, after they had overcome the sloth and drunkenness of Bacchus with their prowess, the Prince went in triumph to kiss his royal father’s hands, by whom he was embraced and warmly kissed.The King then honoured the Marquis, touching his face with extraordinary affection.The King rose from his chair and, taking my lords the ambassadors along with him, and with a light carried before him, he passed through a number of rooms and galleries and came to a hall where the usual supper was prepared for the performers. He glanced round the table and departed, and at once, like so many harpies, the company fell on their prey. The table was almost entirely covered with savouries, with very few sugar confections. There were some large figures, but they were of painted cardboard, for decoration. The meal was served in bowls or plates of glass; they threw the table to the ground in their first assault. The crash of glass platters reminded me exactly of the windows breaking in a great midsummer storm. The story ended at two hours after midnight, and we returned home having had enough and worn out. If your lordships are squirming to read or hear all this tedious stuff, you can believe how fed up I am of narrating it. Still, I may suggest to you that if you do not want to have this as a tasty stew, at least you may accept it as a weak soup, so long as it goes on the table. And to finish, I am your humble servant.

Bibliography
CSPV 1617-1619, 111-14
Orgel and Strong (1973), 1.279-84
M. Sullivan (1913), 114-17
H&S, 10.580-4