Mercury Vindicated 2


An extract from the notebooks of Sir John Finet , assistant to Sir Lewis Lewkenor , Master of Ceremonies at the court of James I.


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The 5. of January 1614. The Earl of Sommerset (then Lord Chamberlain ) notwithstanding he understood how the yeare before the Spanish and Arch-Dukes Ambassadors had been invited to the Marriage of him the Earle of Sommerset, and not the French nor the Venetian (for the reasons elsewhere appeareing) gave me directions to invite the Spanish and the Venetian (not usually coupled ( ut supra ) to a Maske of Gentlemen set forth at the charge of his Majesty, and to come at an houre, about six in the Evening to a Supper that should be prepared for them in the Councel Chamber. They both (with one question of what Ambassadors would be there, and my assurance, that I understood of none besides themselves (as indeed then I did not) accepted the Invitation, and came the next day at the time appointed.) A little before Supper, the Spanish Ambassador taking me aside, desired me to deale freely with him, & to tel him whether Sir Noell Caron , the States Ambassador were invited, and if invited, what place was intended him, whether in publique near his Majesty, or in private in some Corner of the Roome? I answered that I knew then (and not before) that he was invited, and would be there; But in which of those conditions,


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publique or private, I could not resolve him. Hereupon, he requested me immediately to go to my Lord Chamberlain for clearing of this doubt, wherewith acquainting his Lordship, and he his Majesty, I returned with this assurance. That Sir Noell Caron was invited, and should be placed within the Barres neare the King , as Ambassadors used to be. To this he made his replye, desiring me to convey it to the Lord Chamberlaine , that if Sir Noell Caron should be togeather with him at Supper or in any other place, then in the Kings presence, he would use him with all the respects of civility, but in so honourable a place as that, where the sacred persons of the King , Queene and Prince were to be present, he should never with patience see the Representant of his Masters Vassalls and Rebells (so he called them) hold an equall ranck with him. That it was directly against his Instructions to concurr with him in any publique Act, as an Ambassador, and that therefore it would be better for him (as he intended with the favour of his Majesty) to retire himselfe betimes without noise, then to be forced (as he must) to discharge his duty by publique exception, and protestation against the presence of him (Sir Noell Caron ) to the disturbance of so royall an Assembly, and whereupon I told him (as from my Lord Chamberlain ) that his Lordship was informed his predecessor Don Alonso de Velasco had stood upon no such Puntillio when Sir Noell Caron had at another time been invited, as now, and sate as it was now determined he should; he said, he was most assured there never had been such a concurrence, so as returning from him with this answer, I fortuned to deliver it in the hearing of my Lord Treasurer , and received from his Lordship an assurance that upon his knowledge, and in his sight, his predecessor Don Alonso de Velasco had indured without any exception the placing of the States Ambassador at the left hand of the King , while he ( Don Alonso ) sate on the right. But this neither would satisfie him, nor hold him from affirming that (not to contradict (he said) my Lord Treasurer , who yet might forget, or mistake in some circumstances) he would


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ingage his head to be cut off, if there ever had been any such placing, which being againe reported by me to my Lords Chamberlain and Treasurer, they both went to the King , and debating the businesse with his Majesty, first in presence of sundry of the Bedd-Chamber, and after more in private with halfe a dozen of other Lords, my Lord Treasurer , my Lord Chamberlain , my Lord of Worcester (and I to attend them) were sent to him into the Councell Chamber, and there (intreating first the Venetian Ambassador to pardon them, if they did awhile leave him alone) taking onely the Ambassadors Interpreter, and my selfe with them into a little Roome there by, my Lord Treasurer delivered the Kings mind to this purpose. That his Majesty having invited him to the Maske, with a mind to give him all content, was sorry that this question should grow to disturbe it. That his Majesty went upon grounds of former presidents of the like concurrence in the time of the Ambassadors predecessors, and that he had for witnesses of it (besides his owne memorie) the Queene, the Prince , and sundry of the Lords, who affirmed they had seene it. That his Majesty having heretofore intertained Sir Noell Caron in that manner, and now invited him as an Ambassador, he left it to his consideration what injury he should do to abate of his accustomed respects towards him. That whereas the Ambassador affirmed, it was formally his Instructions not to concurr with him in any publique Act, his Majesty wondred that his predecessor should not have the like Instructions, or having had such, should forget, or neglect to stand upon it, that if he had any such, his Majesty requested him, that (reserving other matter, which he in no sort desired that he should communicate, besides that purpose) he might have a sight of it for his fuller satisfaction. To this the Ambassador replyed (with many acknowledgments of the honour his Majesty had done him &c.) That first, the witnesses his Majesty had produced were so substantiall, as should he with his owne eyes have seene the contrary, he should not have trusted them in opposition of


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their Testimony; That if if should be known to the King his Master that Don Alonso had committed such errour, it would be enough to make him loose his head. That it was true, that in his generall instructions received from the hand of the King his Master, it was not intended, but that upon his Arrivall in England finding in what condition of respect Sir Noell Caron was held here, he wrote particularly to the King for his pleasure about his manner of carriage towards Sir Noell Caron , in case he should be put to it upon any incounter of Negotiation, or otherwise, whereunto he had received by letter from his Majesty his will, intimating, That in concurrence of ordinary civill respects, he should use him with courtesy; but in no case admit concurrence with him in or to any publique Act, and that his Majesty should be an eye witnesse of the letter at his pleasure. The Venetian (who remaind in the meane time in the Councell Chamber) having been by the Spanish Ambassador before the Lords entrance, made acquainted with the difference like to grow, had affirmed to him, That he could himselfe remember, that when Don Alonso was invited (as he was now) by his Majesty, he and Sir Noell Caron were seated in a compartment, or place apart, and that Don Alonso did except against Carons sitting in the same place neare his Majesty; he affirmed also, That howsoever it might now passe betweeen the Spanish Ambassador and the States, he himselfe would not permit that he should sit (allato, his own word) in even ranck with him; but all the Allegations of the Venetian were held to proceed rather from a spirit of disturbance (forward, as his naturally was, to make ill businesse) then that what he said was simply truth.

In fine, the Lords returning with this Declaration of the Ambassadors to his Majesty, came back soone after with his definite pleasure thus. That since he could not accord this difference, which troubled him much for the respects he bare to the Spanish Ambassador, he had willed them to signifie to him, that he might take what course should best please him; And that if he would not stay the Maske, he would take order, that


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the States Ambassador should likewise depart, to avoyd all further question, about either of their pretences. After this the Ambassador himselfe, and the Lords fell to termes of reconciling (if it could be possible) the difference, the Lords offering, that the Spanish Ambassador should sit on the right hand of the King , and at the Spaniards right hand, the Venetian, and that at the left hand next the Queene and Prince should sit the States Ambassador, this he harkened (not yeelded) to, but with such limitations, as were not fit for Sir Noell Caron to admit of, as that he should either sit a degree or step lower (which the place would not afford) or with some distance behind the Queene, and that he should not enter with the King , but some quarter of an houre after, and the like, but the conclusion was (nothing being agreed on) that they would informe the King of his resolution of departure, and so left him: yet immediately after they returned the third time, and (after some reasons to no prevaileing purpose) I told him againe, that the King desired to see the next day his instructions, and so had sent him the good night. The Lords being departed, I stayed behind (as was his Majesties pleasure, and charge given me) to tell him from his Majesty for conclusion thus much. That he had not been driven to this streight without his owne fault, because if he had made question in season, and acquainted the King with the limitation of his instructions in that point, there might have been another course had for prevention: whereto he replyed, that he had found his Majesty in all so gracious, as he could not but with all most humble thankfulness acknowledge it, and that it might be held indeed a fault in him, that he had not before hand declared himselfe to that purpose, but no man could foresee all things. So (haveing merrily requested the Lords before, that since his Servants were not Ambassadors, and would not strive for places, they might be allowed roome to see the Maske) he with one Gentleman, his Secretary, and a footeman (I attending him to his Coache) departed.

The King the next day at his dinner discoursing to


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this purpose, brought forth amongst other Arguments this one against the Spanish Ambassador, that the Exception, or protestation he had made, could not be any way made good by him, the King of Spaines Agent, in regard the Vassallage which the King his Master pretended of the States, was not properly his, but should belong (if to any) to the Arch-Dukes, to whom he had made a cession of those Provinces, and had likewise (he said) but a poore title to them, having at the time of the Treaty of Truce between them, agreed to treate with them, as with a free State, and given them since in severall letters the title and stile they pretend to (and which all other Princes and States (he said) give them) of Les Estats confederez de provinces vnies. This dispute, and difference occurred in the time that the Truce between the King of Spaine, the Arch-Duke and the States yet lasted. [marginal note] [ Il. Gavallo Francisco Guarolesi . ] The Venetian Ambassador as soone as the Spanish was departed, was conducted by me into the second Roome from the privie Gallerie, and there attending till his Majesty and the Queene came, went along with them, and was seated on the left hand of the King , beneath the Queene, and the Prince on the right. At the same time, the Agent of Florence (to whom was sent by the Lord Chamberlaine to invite him, no other then an ordinary Messenger of the Chamber, as to a Minister inferiour to an Ambassador) supped also in the Councell Chamber, and followed the King to the Maske with the Venetian, but having been ordained his seate in one of the Galleries, he intreated me to moove the Lord Chamberlaine , that (as he understood the great Duke his Masters Agent, and the Duke of Savoyes had been) he might be placed among the Lords, which was assented to, [marginal note] [ Earle of Suffolke. ] and he was placed (by the Lord Chamberlaine , and the Lord Treasurer there present) beneath the lowest Baron the Lord Mordant, and above Sir Thomas Howard second Son to the Lord Treasurer.

Bibliography
H&S, 10.554-7
Sullivan (1913), 231-4
Finet, Finetti philoxenis (1656), 19-24